AUG. 6 
S26 
THE 
RURAL NEW-¥$RKER. 
Hiring for t|f j^mmo. 
FARMING FOR BOYS AND GIRLS-NO. 30. 
HENRY STEWART. 
Wlint la M nun re i 
In looking over tlie tables given In the last arti¬ 
cle we may note some Interesting facts, which go 
to Bhow In a very clear manner to what purposes 
the food consumed by animals Is applied. The 
figures given relate to full grown animals, In which 
the bone and muscles have been formed, and only 
the wastes of the body and the support of life have 
to be provided for. A young animal Is daily add¬ 
ing to its size and weight, and of course a large 
part of its food is used up in supplying the sub¬ 
stances of Its body—the bone, flesh, skin and hair 
and another part goes to support the vital action 
and the heat of the animal. But in a full-grown 
animal It !b different. There Is no hone to he 
formed and no flesh, only the wastes caus-d by 
the action of the muscles in work In the horse or 
ox and the product of milk tn the cow. We see 
on looking over the tables that the cow which 
yields a large quantity of milk consumes more of 
the food than any other animal mentioned, and 
leaves less In the waste discharged, or, in other 
words, in the manure. To make this mm e plain 
the precise figures are put in the following table: 
Amount of food used up by the 
Of 100 lbs. of Oow. Ux. Sheep. Horne. 
lbs. lbs. ttiB. tbs. 
Dry substance.53 48Js 46J4 64>g 
Organic matter.57 H 53 6l>X 691a 
Nitrogen. 3t>>£ luK 4X ItSJs 
Mineral matter.8 .. .. ,. 
The above figures are very Interesting. They 
show how truly the results of scientific inquiries 
are supported by the plainest facta, and prove how 
very much the results that are reached by the 
labors of men of science deserve our confidence. 
For Instance, we know that the cow gives us a 
large quantity of milk, whtch Is the moBt nutritive 
food in existence, because It is of itself sufficient 
to support life and enable a young animal to 
thrive and grow. Milk, In fact, contatus all the 
elements of every variety of food, its production 
must therefore be a great tax on the cow, and 
should require a large quantity of food. And 
so we see that the cow uses up, that Is, digests and 
turns into blood (from which the milk ts formed^ 
67X pounds out of every 100 of the whole organic 
matter of the food. Which is chlefiy carbonaceous 
aad goes to support the vital heat, and t > make fat 
and butter; while the horse, which plows and 
draws heavy loads, and works as hard as he can 
be forced to, uses up only l more, and the work 
lng ox even less; while the sheep, which lies 
around and eats, and makes only wool and fat, 
uses up but btix pounds out of every 100. But the 
next Hue shows this Tact even more plainly; for 
the cow, or whose milk we make cheese, which is 
very rich In nitrogen, takes 36 pounds of nitro¬ 
gen out of every loo pounds In the food; while the 
horse, which works hard and needs the nitrogen 
to replace the waste of muscle, takes only 16# 
pou ds; the working ox takes hut 10 # pounds, 
and the lazy, idle sheep uses only 4# pounds, and 
of thtB the most goes Into the wool. 
When we tutnk of these things which are shown 
by persons working with scales and weights and 
chemical substances, In rooms furnished with 
what we call chemical apparatus, and of how a 
quantity of hay, corn-meal, bran, straw and other 
food can be examined, and or how the animals 
themselves can be weighed and watched and ob¬ 
served several times a day, and how the results of 
all these studies can he made so clear, and put 
Into figures so plain, that w e can easily under¬ 
stand all about It, and know of our own knowledge 
than they are reasonable and agree with what we 
can perceive ourselves If we only try to, we may 
well wonder at th capacity of the human mind 
am get some little insight and glimpse Into the 
ways and methods by which men of science find 
out and discover things, and the practical uses to 
us of their studies and discoveries. 
One more view should be taken of this subj'* r . 
It (3 plain ‘hat if we take a certain quanta of 
grass, corn, wheat or oats from our land, or b y a 
certain quantity of food, and feed it to the c ws, 
or horses, or sheep, that the most of it will be used 
by the cows and the least by the sheep. It follows, 
then, that the least ot the food will be returned In 
the manure by the cows and the most by the 
sheep. And so we find It In fact, although we may 
not have known the reason lor It, that cow ma¬ 
nure Is the least rich; that horse manure Is better 
than cows’ manure, and that the manure from 
sheep ts the richest of all. 
Then If a farmer baa a desire to feed some ani¬ 
mals in the Winter for the sake of making manure 
for his farm, he ehould get a flock of sheep; and 
If he has some hay and feed from which he desires 
to make the moat money by feeding them, he 
should keep cows, because these wlil return the 
greatest part of them in a condition In which they 
may be sold and turned into money. But, as we 
cannot have a thing and sell It too, what is left of 
the food in the manure from the cows will be of 
much less value than that left by the sheep. 
RURAL LIFE. 
UNCLE MARK. 
“Give fools their gold and knaves their power. 
Let fortune’s bubbles rise and fall; 
Who sows a field, or trains a flower, 
(Jr plants a tree, is more than all." 
Our first thought of rural life In summer Is that 
of puce air, cooling breezes, green earth and with 
It we associate thoughts of peace, contentment 
and happiness. But yet, with all these delight¬ 
some things there are others, as In all business or 
professions, which are quite the opposite, and with 
which every farmer’s hoy or girl Is familiar. But 
lor the farmer’s children there la a happiness or a 
pursuit of happiness to which city boys and girls 
are strangers. 
The expression “pursuitof happiness’’ conveys 
to the mind the Idea that happiness is to be sought 
arter and If we would have It we must pursue It. 
Happiness in rural life or anywhere else, comes 
not to the Idle; it ts the wide awake and active 
who enjoy most, and It Is well that to her leafy 
bowers there are many paths though, perhaps, 
they are not always pleasant ones. 1 presume my 
young friends often feel that they would like to 
leave the farm and come to the great, busy otty, 
here hoping to find happiness and, m time, 
wealth. Some come, perhaps, hut a few weeks or 
months of city life weary them of their choice and 
they long to return to green fields and fragrant 
flowers. Such can fully appreciate the true happi¬ 
ness of rural life, and such only. The children who 
have never seen the beauty of the country in 
Summer time or who catch but taint glimpses of 
it in a brief summer vacation, know little of rural 
happiness. 
But some one will say, perhaps, “ I want to be 
rich. Father has always been a farmer and he 
isn’t rich. I am going to the city.” Are you 
quite sure your father isn’t rich 7 He may not 
have many government bonds nor much money In 
the hank, but he has his farm paid for; he has 
money enough to purchase the necessities, per¬ 
haps some of the luxuries, of life: he can give his 
children an education; he has health and a beau¬ 
tiful home. Is not this riches 7 There are various 
kinds ot riches, and much of our happiness de¬ 
pends on which we choose! 
One day a gentleman congratulated William B. 
Astor on bis great possessions and the happiness 
he must enjoy on account of them. Bald Mr. 
Astor, “I come to my office at nine o'clock in the 
morning and find a small army of mechanics of 
all kinds awaiting my orders or seeking employ¬ 
ment. Then come my collectors with rent-rolls 
and complaints about tenants unwilling or unable 
to pay. After some hours all these are dismissed. 
I devote perhaps twenty minutes to lunch, then 
correspondence, bank accounts and other business 
matters take up my time until five o’clock and I 
go home tired out.” 
Mr. Astor asked '• How would you like to do all 
this for your board and clothing? That’s all I 
get I” This was approximately true, since the 
great wealth of the Astors’ was accumulated in 
the fur trade and wa3 greatly Increased by real 
estate investments. 
Happiness dwells sometimes In marble hall and 
gilded palace, but oftener In the unpretentious 
home of the farmer or In the rude hut of the pio¬ 
neer. contentment is the secret of it all, and this 
makes “ man king, woman queen and their dar¬ 
lings, princes and princesses In t he rural kingdom.” 
The farmer’s boy who loves his work la not the 
one who looks with longing eyes toward the town 
or city, but he it is who lives content In the pros¬ 
pect or having some day an Interest in “ father's 
farm,” and Oils, if nothing more, la an incentive to 
labor, it »nay be that these lines will be perused by 
some who are Inclined to be dtaeoutented on the 
farm, and there may be reason for It, but unless 
there la choose certainty rather than uncertainty; 
a fair competence rather than Insecure millions, 
and In the end you shall realize the truth so beau¬ 
tifully expressed In the stanza above from Whit¬ 
tier. 
The weakest woman, smallest child and sickest 
invalid can use hop hitters with safety and great 
good— Adv. 
HIDDEN INSTRUMENTS OF MUSIC. 
1. He cast a net Into the bay. 
2. Run Bob as soon as you hear me. 
s. You acted base viola. 
4 . Of my own accord I only waited once. 
5. Is not that Jew sharp I 
6. They had rum. 
7. Ally reads well. 
S. ’Twas corn Ethel fed her bird. 
9. I worked tambour In each corner. 
10. No, nor gandere either. 
11. I saw the camel Odeon brought, 
12. At the concert I napped it, 
13. She’ll have Jeff If Eva don’t cut her out. 
14 I saw harm on lea’B stairs. 
15. With sharps I chord my tunes. 
16. Cal I opened the can myself. 
IT. Take the flag Eolc to Tom Brown. 
18. ofi pshaw l mamma. 
19 To Percy M, balsam was given. 
20. It la Jo Boenton. 
21. With scorn Opla treated us. 
22. Put Bomb one kit away. 
23. Clarlo netted over sixty dollars. 
24. lie Is French, Horner. 
26. I put the viol In Cello’s hand. Littj.e One. 
tsr Answer In two weeks. 
- +-*-■* - 
ENIGMA. 
I am composed of five letters; 
My 1 st Is In well, hut not In brook. 
My 2nd Is In Btaro, but not In look. 
My 3rd la In plant, hut not In flowers. 
My 4th is In time, but not In hours. 
My 5th is In ram, but notin snow. 
My whole is something you very well know. 
Answer In two weeks. g. g. s. 
PUZZLER ANSWERS-July 23. 
Geography Puzzle.—I was awakened one morning 
by a Shanghai which was perched on » fence near 
my window. From an adjoining room I beard a 
Wale, and 1 called a Negro to make a fire, an I felt 
Ctiilj. On going down stairs 1 found that a Nlava 
had spill' . Greece oniny highly prized Unuunfin while 
putting on the table my orwuraMt, coneiatlux of a 
Tui key seasoned with Cayenne, also a Cod, and Sand¬ 
wich, Bordeaux stopped with a Cork, and basket 
contaimnK Grange* and other fruit, I paid a Guinea 
for my breakfast and then asked a Cook for Borne 
sugar to feed a Canary that was hanging In my cham¬ 
ber. 
Aobostiuai. Enigma.—M aud E. Meredith. 
Want flitiS. 
THE LIVER. 
The Unusual Attention which 
this Organ is now Attracting’ 
from the American People. 
Its Delicate Structure and Eusceptibility to In¬ 
jury from Wounds or Disease. 
In the opinion of the ancients the liver was the 
seat, or the affections and of the passions. Mod¬ 
ern research, however, has shown this to be an 
error, and hence less attention and care have been 
bestowed on this organ than in the early days 
when It was supposed to play so Important a part 
in making war and oajoilng love. Undoubtedly 
the discovery of tne fact that the liver Is not the 
seat of the affections, and of the passions, has 
led the people, as Is natural, to neglect what 
formerly was an object, of great solicitude, but the 
truth Btlll remains that. Chough It may not be the 
special seat of love and passion, It is alter all of 
tne greatest importance in physical health. 
During the past few weeks, owing to an event of 
national interest, much has been said and written 
abou t the In j unoua effects ot wounds l n this organ, 
and according to the surgical History of the War 
of the Rebellion, of the thousands of cases of 
wounds in the liver, not above sixty survived, ana 
they were not violent ones. The record is Ailed 
with recoveries from gunshot wounds In the head, 
the lungs and the pelvic region, but It is a “ mira¬ 
cle'' when one outlives even an ordinary wound 
Hi the liver, no otner proof Is needed of the del¬ 
icacy of Its structure, nor of Its extreme suscepti¬ 
bility to In juries, whether violent, like a gunshot 
wound, or as the result ot disease. Of course In¬ 
jury from a wound produces speedy results, and 
though organic diseases may affeot. the patient 
for years, and render his life a long continued 
burden, the same end la eventually reached. 
The structure ot the liver is delicate and yet 
simple. It Is composed of two lobes, whtch lie 
directly under the right lung, and Is ot a spongy 
character. When the venous blood Is circulating 
from the various parts of the body to the lungs it 
passes through this organ, and Is there relieved of 
its rank potaons, part of which are used for diges¬ 
tion and part for u cathartic of the waste materials 
of the food we eat. If the organ ts at all diseased 
these poisons remain in it, instead of being used 
as nature designed, and with every coursing of the 
blood through the lobes of the fiver, the nature of 
the disease la InrenalH -d, and hence a neglect of 
any disorder In this organ la almost certain to 
bring on chronic Uver disease, so terrible to con¬ 
template. In curing liver troubles not only must 
the organ be rtd of its old complaint, but, at the 
same time, It must be prevented from contracting 
other diseases, aud the agency used must have 
such power with the kidneys and lungs (the other 
two purifiers of the blood) that it will, while re¬ 
storing tuo impaired Uver, give to them strong'h 
sufficient t.o do part or the purifying work of the 
disabled organ. There Is a peculiar dependency 
between the kidneys and Uver, and no remedy can 
be ot benefit which does not act upon both at, the 
same time. 3he reason why so little bu ’cess has 
hitherto been reached In the treatment of Uver 
disease la because the philosophy of treatment, has 
been lame and the remedies employed have been 
inadequate, ills a conceded fact that until within 
the past tew years there has been no known rem¬ 
edy for ebronto kidney diseases and It is certain 
that the Uver cannot be restored to Its right action 
If the kidneys are affected. Jt 1 b a fact tnai when 
the Uver is diseased the kidneys are also troubled; 
hence. It tollows that liver diseases are hard to 
cure chlefiy because the doctors know of no agency 
which wil; atone and tUe same lime operate on 
both the kidneys and the Uver. 
Admitting then that no form of treatment 
can he effective whloh cannot restore both the 
Uver and the kidneys at the same time, It would 
be strange Indeed If In all the researches of this 
wonderrul age of scientific invention no such 
remedy had been found. The doctors admit they 
have nothing to offer, but Independent sclentlais 
have honored their learning and parieuoe by dis¬ 
covering a pure vegetable remedy whose success tn 
the past tew years In the treatment of kidney dif¬ 
ficulties shows conclusively that It can cure every 
form of known kidney disease, and what It has 
done tor the kidneys it Is equally able to do and 
noes lor the Uver. Warner a Safe Kidney and Liver 
cure was the discovery ot a practitioner, who 
proved its worth In his ow n case and then gave It, 
to the world. It acts both as a mod and a restorer 
on the kidneys and liver, so that when disease Is 
cured in one of these organs It cannot go to the 
other, but is entirely removed rrom the ay stem. 
The symptoms of kidney and liver difficulties are 
great and unnatural weariness, headacne, belch¬ 
ing of wind and food from the stomach, constipa¬ 
tion, piles, displacements and inflammation of me 
sexual organa of women, a sallow countenance, 
skin eruptions, and the especially fatal complaints 
of the hot season. These trouble* are caused prin¬ 
cipally by malaria, which la, at the present time, 
becoming so great an evil In this land -so much so 
that President Paul A Chadbourne, ot WUllams 
College, has just published a long and interesting 
article on Us wide-spreading prevalence. Restates 
that malarial poisons appear In aU localities, the 
high and dry, the low and damp, In the crowd¬ 
ed city and the roomy country, and there are no 
differences as tn the effects produced, Malaria Is 
in the water we drink. In the air wo breathe, in 
the food we cat, and while constantly and natu¬ 
rally increasing with the growth of the country, 
It is just at present afflicting us, as the eplzooty 
did a few year* ago as a widespread and dangerous 
epidemic. Prof, chadbourne 1s not an alaunlsi and 
what he says Is confirmed by other distinguished 
medical authorities. 
What, theretore, can be the cause ror this terri¬ 
ble Increase of malaria In all parts of the states 
and territories? Unquestionably the drinking 
water usea in every portion of the land is the most 
active agency for carrying malaria Into the sys¬ 
tem. Tula water may be clear, but It has become 
poisoned by filtratlou through the vaults, cess¬ 
pools and barnyards In the country, and titer im¬ 
pure agencies In the city. Heretofore the Western 
states and territories and almost the entire South 
have been considered the held of malaria, owing 
doubtless to the poor drainage tn many localities 
aud the consequent accumulation of green pois¬ 
onous matter. This theory is, however, now ex¬ 
ploded because malarial poisoning ts becoming 
Just as common In other regions, and those which 
have been settled for hundreds of years. Nor are 
low lands alone subject to malaria, for It Is found 
In the Berkshire lulls of New England and up 
among the Bnows ot the Rooky Mountains. 
Whatever nmy be the cause of malaria, its ex¬ 
istence is a terribly established tact, and so much 
so that It Is attracting the attention of the lead¬ 
ing physlans, scientists and scholars tn every por¬ 
tion of America. By menus O’ Its blighting pow¬ 
ers the blood becomes polBoued and the moat ter¬ 
rible diseases follow. The special field for the 
operation or this poison Is in the liver. If lhl9 or¬ 
gan is at all diseased, malaria Beizes it with a 
death grip. It Is therefore absolutely necessary 
to keep tlie liver in perfect condition and especially 
at this time. The elements of W arner’s .Safe Kid¬ 
ney and Uver Cure are exactly fitted for Just this 
very purpose. Composed of a pure ana simple 
vegetable extract and prepared in the most care¬ 
ful manner It baa been the means of restoring 
more people to health within the past year than 
any other agency known In the land. Prof. 8. A. 
Lattimore, Ph., D , LL. D , one or the analysts of 
roods and medicines for the New York State 
Board or Health, pronounces Us elements and com¬ 
position purely vegetable, neither poisonous nor 
injurious, and the manufacturers present It 
to the public with the utmost faith that If taken 
faithfully and persistently, according to the di¬ 
rections, It will cure every form of liver disease 
and kidney disorder. 
There seems to be a constant struggle between 
mankind and disease. Malarial poison, with Its 
Insidious power, the influence of heat, cold, bad 
water and Impure food all combine to undermine 
the health and strength, both of which are the 
privilege of the race. In order to counteract 
these terrible influences, the greatest, care is re¬ 
quired. especially at the present time in guarding 
the kidneys and Uver, which are the governors of 
the system How this can best be done has been 
outlined above, and as such It la cordially recom¬ 
mended to alt as the most efflctent means for secu¬ 
ring the best of health and continued happiness. 
New York State Fair. 
The 41st Annual Cattle Show and Fair of the New 
York State Agricultural Society will be held at 
ELMIRA, 
Scjvt. 13tlv to 17 tl». 1881 - 
Entries Close Saturday, August 13th, 
Excepting only outries of Flowers, Plante and Fruits, 
which may bo mmlo at any time until Tuesday, Sep¬ 
tember 13th, at 111 o'clock a. m. All other entries must 
be made by mail or otherwise, at the Society’s Office, 
at Albany, on or before Saturday, August 13th. 
Competition Open to All. 
The Premium* offered may be competed for by 
residents, of other States, and countries, on equal 
terms with resident.- of Sow York, Copies of the 
Premium-List and Regulations will bo mailed on ap¬ 
plication. 
BLANK FORMS OF ENTRY 
Will be sent on application. In writing for them 
pleuse specify what it in proposed to enter, as differ¬ 
ent forms are provided for different classes of ex¬ 
hibits. Address 
N. Y. STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
Albany, N. Y. 
A. Or PINT’S 
XV HI 
WANT’ 
YOU 
EVERYWHERE. *5-00 to 810 
per day. Circulars on implication. 
PAGE MANUFACT’U CO., 
, Cleveland, Ohio. 
GOLD MEDAL, PARIS, 1878. 
BAKER’S 
CHOCOLATE, 
The standard for a Century. 
This Chocolate Is made from the 
choicest Cocoa, carefully selected 
and prepared. It Is the best 
preparation of plain Chocolate in 
the market for family uee. 
Sold by Grocers everywhere. 
W. BAKER «fc CO., 
Uorchester, Mast. 
200 Oar Loads Hard Wood Leached Ashes 
FOR SALE, delivered in Buffalo In car-load, of 13 
tons (about 420 bushels) at S4.UU per ton; Buffalo and 
Intermediate station* to Rochester aud Caledonia, 
sfU.Mi-, from Rochester and all stations to Syracuse and 
Auburn Scln-m etady, Cohoes. Troy, Albany, and at 
station* OB H It. K. to N.Y., Hunter* Point, L. I., Pliila., 
Pa,, Baltimore, Md., *5 per ton; NowburKb, Elmira, 
N. Y„ Trenton, Patureou, Passaic,Piermont, Ridgeway, 
Newark,.lei-sey City, N. J-, S5.6U. Ashes in good ship¬ 
ping order. Order* promptly filled. 
JAMES HARTNESS, Detroit, Mich. 
NASAL 
CATARRHand 
BRONCHITIS. 
Chilli* Treatment for Nasal and Bronchia i. 
CXTARUU is tlm only one Unit can be relied 
upon for the Permanent and Positive 
this disease. Home Treatment.™—1 
it. For details of method and terms, address 
Rev. X. I*. CHILDS, Troy, Ohio. 
All Gold, Chromo & Lit’g, Cards. (No 2 alike.) 
Name Ou. 10c Clinton Bros., GllntonvUle. Conn. 
per day at home. Samples worth $5 free 
Address Stinson & Oo.. Portland. Maine 
50 
$5 to $2(1 
COLD MEDAL AWARDED 
the Author. A new and great 
Medical Work, warranted the 
best and cheapest. Indispensable 
to every man, entitled “ I’he Sci¬ 
ence of Life, or Self-Presfirvu 
tloubound in finest, French 
muslin, embossed, full gilt. 300 
pp,, contains beautiful steel en¬ 
graving*, 125 prescriptions, price 
'only 81.25, seut by mall; lllus- 
__ traled sample, 6 cents :soud now. 
uniTT mrrvcTT r Address Peabody Medical Insti' 
NUW liuMiLl. tntcor Dr. W. U, 1'AKKhlt, 
4 liulftnch Hr,, Bouton. 
a week in your own town. Terms and $6 outfit 
free. Address H. Hallett A Co., Portland. Maine 
$66 
OA elegant cards, Snowflake, etc., 10c. A alt. wanted. 
OVf 20 sam ples 3c . Lis t free. C. VlOK, A rlie la, Mich. 
fif 
a week, «13 a day at home eaaily n vlo. Costly 
outfit free. Address True & Co., Augusta, Maine. 
20 
Gold and Silver Chromo Cards, with name, loo. 
post paid. Geo, I. Reed h Oo.. Nassau, N. Y. 
(educational. 
HAHNEMANN 
Medical College § Hospital. 
The largest and most thorough Houncopathic 
College iu the world. Twenty’-socond year. Women 
admitted. The largest Clinics. For. Catalogues, 
address_ _ 
X. S. HOYNK, TVf. D., 
1636 Wahmli Avenue, Chicago, 111. 
~VASSAR COLLEGE, 
pov unm:ti .r. r. 
For tUe Liberal Education of Women 
Examinations for entrance. Sent 14th. Catalogues seut 
ou application. W. 1.. DEAN, Registrar. 
