AUG. 20 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
succeed In raising a clover with such fixed 
characteristics, large sales and big profits. 
Hancock Co., Ill. Chas. Dadant, 
Industrial JSorietris, 
The Atlanta International Exposition. 
There is a general impression all over 
the country that the International Cotton 
Exposition, which opens in this city on the 1st 
of October next, is to be simply a cotton ex¬ 
position, confined to cotton, its culture, 
preparation for market, and its manufacture, 
the various implements and machinery con¬ 
nected therewith, and the various and varied 
fabrics into which It enters. Such was the 
impression of your correspondent when he 
called to-day on Hon. H. I. Kimball, the 
Director-General of the Exposition. In fact, 
this was the original idea of the exhibition, 
but ithas been changed to a general fair to in¬ 
clude all of the products of the soil as well as 
stock and all of the industries. But cotton is 
to be king—the most prominent feature. Not¬ 
withstanding the general character of the 
show, it still bears the name of Cotton Exposi¬ 
tion. From the great interest manifested, 
not only in this country but in foreign lands 
also, it promises to be the most important and 
interesting exhibition ever held in this country, 
excepting, of course, the Ceutennial. 
Through the courtesy of Dr. A. L. Kennedy, 
of Philadelphia, Pa., who is here assisting in 
arranging the preliminary details of the Ex¬ 
position, I am able to furnish you in advance 
of publication with the dates of entries of the 
different departments not connected with the 
cotton department proper. 
Fruits and Flowers... Nov 2 
Cattle, Horses and Mules.‘ Nov 9 
Sheep and Swine. Nov’ is 
Bench Show of Dogs. " Nov 23 
£°y llr £—---; . '...I" Nov! 30 
For the benefit of those interested in the 
canning business, I would state that, notwith¬ 
standing the unfavorable Spring, the peach 
crop in this State is abundant, and for the 
next two monlhs an ample supply for this 
purpose.'can be had at reasonable prices. 
Atlanta, Ga. a. j. c. 
fine yellow. The Koelreuteria is propagated 
by seeds or cutting of the roots ; but strong 
plants can be obtained cheap from most of 
our leading nurserymen. 
Queens Co., L. I. Chas. E. Parnell. 
[A. full first-page engraving of a branch and 
flower panicle was presented in the Rural of 
April 24 of last year (p 261) with fruit and 
seed on page 262. The drawing was made 
from a specimen growing on the Rural 
Grounds.— Eds.] 
Industrial |mpkn«nts. 
THE NEW BUCKEYE 8TEEL SPRING 
WHEEL HARROW AND CULTIVATOR. 
found so much fault with Commissioner Le- 
Duc’s management would indicate their pol¬ 
icy, we might lodge as to the advisability of 
adopting it; but I fear the politicians have 
decided to run the Department in their own 
interest for the future. It looks that way, 1 ut 
nous verrons. But, Mr. Loring, you have my 
best wishes.”. 
^rborirnltnral. 
PANICLED FLOWERING KGSLREUTERIA. 
I should like to know how many of the 
readers of the Rural Nbw-Yobkkr are ac¬ 
quainted with the Chinese or Panicled Flower¬ 
ing Koelreuteria—Koelreuteria paniculata. I 
presume not many of them, for I do not recol¬ 
lect seeing many specimens, and the name is 
but seldom mentioned in the horticultural 
periodicals. Now I am inclined to the opin¬ 
ion that a tree possessing all the desirable 
qualities of this inter¬ 
esting species, viz., the 
short, stocky growth of 
its blunt shoots, its light- 
colored, airy foliage and 
the abundance of its pe¬ 
culiar, large, bladder like 
seed vessels or capsules, 
and, last but not least, 
Its large, showy, loose 
terminal panicles of bright 
yellow flowers which 
are abuudantly produced 
at a season when few if 
any trees are in blossom, 
render it a veiy desirable 
addition to our list of very 
choice ornamental trees 
for lawn decoration, for 
which purpose it should 
be more employed. 
The Koelreuteria belongs 
to the natural order Sapin- 
-dace* and is a native of 
China, from which country 
it was iotrod n ecd in 1763 It 
forms a round-headed tree 
of small or medium size 
from 20 to 25 feet high, 
with short, stout branches 
with a browniBh-colored 
batk. The leaves are alter¬ 
nate pinnate and are com¬ 
posed of about 18 serrate 
leaflets. The highly orna¬ 
mental flowers are produced in terminal pan¬ 
icles about the end of July, and soon after the 
large bladder-like seed pods, or capsules, ap¬ 
pear. 
The Kmlrenterla is unfortunately of remark¬ 
ably alow growth In light, loamy soil, which 
appears to be the most suitable for It. Its an¬ 
nual growth rarely exceeds one foot, and when 
transplanted to a wet or exposed situation, 
the young shoots are occasionally injured by 
our severe Winters; but when grown in light 
soil bu<1 a partially sheltered situation it re¬ 
mains uninjured. In Summer the color of the 
leaves is light green, chunglng in Autumn to a 
Thjs implement is likely to gain a wide 
popularity for the excellence of its materials 
and workmanship and its efficiency in the 
field. Its high wheels and broad tires insure 
a light draft, while its steel spring seat must 
make it a favorite with the operator for whom 
it saves the trouble of trudging alongside. 
The pressure on the teeth and the depth for 
deep or shallow cultivation, or for hard and 
soft soil, are regulated by the lever handily near 
the driver, who, whether man or boy, can easily 
either throw the entire weight of the harrow 
on the teeth if desired, or raiee them out of 
the ground for transportation. The teeth are, 
we are assured, made of the best spring steel, 
tempered in oil, and they are thoroughly tested 
before they are sent out. Their shape iB the 
best for soil cultivation, and being coiled 
around the pressure bar, they easily pass over 
stones, roots, or other obstructions. To in¬ 
sure dut ability the points are hardened and 
they can be readily sharpened when use ren¬ 
ders them dull. This newly devised implement 
is manufactured by P P. Mast & Co., Spring- 
field, Ohio. 
isrtllaneotts. 
RURAL BRIEFLET8. 
A Southern correspondent writes us as fol¬ 
lows:— 
“ Inclosed I send you some Bermuda Grass 
seeds. They are not quite perfectly mature. 
Clinton, La. w. K .»> 
If our friend would examine these spikes 
under a microscope, he would find that there 
were no perfect seeds. The stamens and pis¬ 
tils can easily be Been, which shows they were 
plucked too sarly. We have Bermuda Grass 
in bloom, and it wonld be hard to tell it from 
the specimens sent. In a postscript our cor¬ 
respondent adds:— 
“ From an article by Mr. Todd in a late 
Rural, hl6 gad-tty must be a different insect 
The Best Berry-Pickers. 
I notice a statement in the Tribune of July 
20th, that P. T. Quinn considers “ boys " very 
unsatisfactory strawberry pickers. This agrees 
with my experience, and for several years I 
have refused to employ them. Women and 
girls are far more faithful berry-pickers, and 
are more easily managed. Another peculiar¬ 
ity I have observed is, that those who need 
money the most are the poorest workers, being 
as a rule, unsteady, shiftless and always ready 
for a strike. My best pickers own a house 
and lot; while the very best have money be¬ 
sides in the bank. I suppose that poverty is 
not the cause of laziness, but that laziness 
causes the poverty. Nelson Ritter. 
Onondaga Co. 
Our Doctors. —Speaking on this subject, 
the Journal of Chemistry Bays that the disad¬ 
vantages under which the public rest in their 
relations to physicians are numerous and posi¬ 
tive, and it is not easy to see how they can be 
folly removed. A coarse, vulgar charlatan is 
easily detected by persons of ordinary intelli¬ 
gence and sagacity, but even such manage to 
thrive in many communities not distinguished 
for ignorance or credulity. The low, un¬ 
learned quacks are bad enough and numerous 
enough in every community, but they are not 
always the most dangerous class that presume 
to prescribe. 
Our legalized schools if medicine turn out 
every year scores of young men who are no 
more competent to practice the healing art 
than they are to use the brush of the painter 
or the chisel of the sculptor. They go out into 
the world under the cover of a “diploma." a 
sort of licence of a supposed respectable char¬ 
acter, which raises them above the plane of 
the recognized quack, and gives them stand¬ 
ing in the community. These men are more 
dangerous than the vulgar'tlharlatans, because 
they escape, to a larger extent, public scrutiny 
and suspicion. 
A physician of the highest order, says the 
Journal, is the man who is great In emergen¬ 
cies, who is keen in discernment, cool in 
j ldement, sagacious in expedients, assuring 
in demeanor, kind in counsel. The great phj - 
Ltmestonb consists of 56 per eent. of lime 
and 44 per cent, of carbonic acid. The stone 
burned in kilng is deprived of its carbonic 
acid, loses nine-twentieths of its weight and 
becomes the hot, acrid, alkaline substance 
which we know as lime. Freshly burned lime 
will absorb and unite with one-third Its weight of 
water without appearing the least moist, and 
in thus combining produces violent heat, suffi¬ 
cient to inflame wood, and falls to a fine pow¬ 
der, swelling to three times its original bulk. 
This powder is hydrate of lime, or caustic or 
quick lime. , 
Caustic lime is of the greatest value in the 
soil. It rapidly decomposes organic matter, 
separates the nitrogen from it, and causes very 
effective nitrification; It makes the other ele¬ 
ments soinble and available as platt food, 
and supplies in itself a needed food for plants. 
It also has a very energetic action upon the 
mineral elements of the soil; it makes the 
limestone (the almost insoluble arbouate of 
lime) itself more soluble; it separates potash 
from clay and sand, in which it exists as a sil¬ 
icate, and sets thi 3 useful element free for 
plaDt food It loosens the texture of heavy 
clays and binds together loose sands, and thus 
improves both of these soils and makes them 
more easily and effectively worked. Of such 
varied and effective value is lime to the farm¬ 
er. 
The methods of using lime are two, and in 
each of these it is indispensable. Oae of these 
is by direct application to the soil by top-dres¬ 
sing and the other is in composts. When lime 
is to be spread upon the soil it is first slaked. 
This is effected by causing it to absorb water 
to the extent above mentioned, when it be¬ 
comes a fine powder or dust. It is theu easily 
spread over the soil by means of a shovel. The 
quantity used varies from 10 or 15 to 40 or 50 
bushels per acre. The method of application 
is as follows: When the land has been plowed 
and harrowei the first time, the manure is 
spread and covered with a light furrow; the 
lime previously air-slacked is spread upon the 
field as evenly as possible from a wagon, and 
with a long-handled shovel. 
THE NEW BUCKEYE STEEL SPRING WHEEL HARROW AND CULTIVATOR.—FIG. 417. 
from what we have here. When the lumps 
appear on the baeks of the cattle we can easily 
find the orifice into which we drop the tur¬ 
pentine. This remedy was first made known 
to us by a colored ox-teamster and farmer, 
and It is a specific.”..... 
A friend writes us:— 
“So Mr. LeDac has been obliged to re?ign 
after all. and the “ways that are dark and 
tricks that are vain ” did not secure the place 
for the Broadway drawing-room editor who 
was “ born, bred and reared a farmer,” and we 
sha’n’t know just yet how he would rnn the 
Department. If the croaking editors who have 
eician is one who relies but little upon medi¬ 
cines, little upon dosing, little upon specifics. 
He realizes that if a cure comes nature, in 
nine cases out of ten, must have the credit. 
Like in Agriculture.—M r, Stewart speaks, 
in the N. Y. Times, of the Use of Lime as a 
dertilizer. Lime is the most conspicuously 
active substance known to the farmer in oper¬ 
ating upon inert matter In the soil, and is di¬ 
rectly a most Impoitaut constituent of all 
plants. The almost universal presence of 
lime in the soil is shown by the so-called hard¬ 
ness of the watei. 
Lime is of the greatest value in composts. 
Pure swamp muck contains from two t,o four 
per cent, of nitrogen, which, if it were avail¬ 
able, wonld make it worth from $10 to $30 a 
ton, equivalent to a value of many thousand 
dollars for an acre of muck two or three feet 
deep, If this inchoate but inherent va'ue of 
muck can be made available, it can be best 
done by the aid of lime in the compost h 3 ap, 
and a ton or 40 cubic feet of the muck, com¬ 
posted with four or five bushels of fine 
air-slacked lime, with a IlUie stable manure as 
leaven to start the fermentation, might possi¬ 
bly be made worth the sum stated. 
This subject is a pertinent and timely 
one. L’rne is used in some localities with 
lhe greatest benefit 
in others its hbo is un¬ 
known. It has been said of 
localities in which hand¬ 
some ' anfi fertile farms 
fine orchards, houses 
indicative of comfort 
and contentment, barns 
bursting with plenty, 
fine horses, handsome 
and sleek cows, and other 
signs of thrift abound, 
that “ these farmers lime 
their land.” A>d the re¬ 
mark is generally justified. 
It has also been said, 
per contra, that “lime 
enriches thf fathers but 
ruins the 60us.” But this 
is properly to be inter¬ 
preted as casting whatever 
blame there ruav be on 
the fathers, and not upon 
the lime, for it is a part of 
good farming to use the 
proceeds of the land, in 
part, iu maintainingite fer¬ 
tility, and if any agent, as 
lime, is capable of enrich¬ 
ing one generation, those 
who squander so generous 
a gift are alone to blame, 
and not the agent. Lime 
has its valuable uses; it 
is the good farmer’s busi¬ 
ness to use it with understanding and goc d 
judgment, so as to permanently improve the 
condition of the land and not as a means of 
exhausting it aa ra >idiy as possible. 
Black Walnut Leaves as a Remedy for 
Diphtheria.— Dr. C. R 8. Curtis, of Quincy, 
Ill., reports, in the Boston Medical and Sur¬ 
gical Journal, result* of the local use of a’de- 
coction of leaves of Juglaus nigra in diphthe¬ 
ria. The remedy was chiefly employed as a 
gargle, or applied with a swab to the hroat 
and fauces. A poultice of the leaves was also 
resorted to m some instances. Dr. Cuit 
