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lish the first American Clydesdale Stud Book 
which, we think, will be of general interest to 
the public and of great value to all breeders 
of draft horses. 
The Brown Glancer, No. 1322—Scotch Stud- 
Book. 
This elegant, pure-bred Clydesdale stallion 
is the property of Messrs. Smiths and Powell, 
of Syracuse, N. Y., by whom ho was imported 
in October last. He is a bright dapple brown ; 
stands 17 hands high and weighs nearly 1,900 
pounds. Ho was sired by What’s Wanted, 
(913); ho by Young Lord Haddo (993); ho 
by Lord Haddo (486) ; ho by Old Clydo 
(574); ho by Scotsman (7:14). Dam Young 
Jean, by Brown Glancer (115) ; he by Strat- 
hendrick Tam (833) ; he by John Anderson 
My Jo (409) ; he by Byron (10:2) ; be by 
Clydesdale Jack (172) ; hoby Glancer II (337). 
What’s Wanted’s dam, Jess, by Old Clydo 
(574). Young Lord naddo’s dam, Sally, by 
Undy Star (888). Brown Glaneer’s dam, 
Brisk, by Thano of Fife (8.54). It will bo seen 
that ho is a horso of rare breeding. Ho is 
powerfully made, a horso of elegant muscle, 
with very superior bone, lino finish, and with 
unusual style and remarkable action. The 
engraving of Brown Glancer in this issue, 
was made expressly for the Rural New- 
Yorker, 
&[)e (Cluecist. 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
[Every query must be accompanied by the 
and address of the writer to insure attention.] 
Smut in Wheat, etc., etc. 
J. G. E., Hood River, Oregon, asks, 1, what 
causes wheat smut; 2, will “ vitrioling ” the 
seed prevent smut, and, if so, why. There, 
certainly, is no vitality in a grain of smut, ho 
thinks ; nor can there be, according to his 
opinion, any means of transmitting smut that 
might bo on the seed to the head it produces. 
3. What grass would be best to choke out fern 
on a loose, basaltic or 
granitic soil ? 4. Will 
feeding barley to sheep 
in Winter eauso them to 
died their wool in the 
Spring ? 5, Where can 
Tartarian Buckwheat be 
obtained for seed i 
Ans.— 1, Smut consists 
of the seed spores or 
fruit of a parasitic fun¬ 
goid vegetable. Theso 
spores arc so small that 
eight millions of them oc¬ 
cupy no more than a 
square inch of surface. 
Every car of smutty 
wheat will probably dis¬ 
perse into the air ten 
millions of these spores. 
The enormous number 
of theso seeds—each oue 
of which is ready to re¬ 
produce Itself millions of 
times in one growing sea¬ 
son—that a ro lloating 
about in the atmosphere, 
or are lodged upon the 
soil, or upon the grains of 
seed wheat, would there¬ 
fore make it a very 
siruplo matter for a crop 
of wheat to be affected 
by smut. Theso small 
spores arc true seeds, and 
if moistened and kept 
warm they can bo seen 
to germiuate and produce 
fruit, under a powerful 
microscope. 2. Thero 
certainly is vitality in a 
grain of smut, but this 
is destroyed by several 
corrosive chemical sub¬ 
stances which dissolve 
and destroy the spores. 
Ono of these substances 
is sulphate ol' copper or 
blue vitriol. But thero is a means of 
transmitting smut that may be upon the 
seed to the head it produces, and it is 
in this way : theso very minute spores 
are small enough to enter the feeding root 
hairs of the plant and bo carried in the circu¬ 
lating sap into any part of it. At least the 
tissue of the sap may become infested with the 
fungus whose fine, thread-like mycelium can 
penetrate through and among the cells, so that 
“ vitrioling ” the seed may and will save the 
plant from any spores that may exist upon 
the seed and the plant may then have a great 
cluineo to eseapo other infoetiou, 3. Clover 
would bo the best “ grass ” crop for this pur¬ 
pose, But it would be preferable to clear 
the soil of the ferns before seeding to grass 
or clover by thorough plowing and harrowing 
out the fern roots and sowing buckwheat. 
4. Any grain food that is heating in its effect on 
the blood will cause the shedding of wool. But 
this trouble is more often due to irritation of 
the skin from overheating and too great 
warmth in tlic Winter, than from any food, 
unless it is given in excessive quantities. 
5. There, is no Tartarian Buckwheat in this coun- 
try so far as wo know, A poor variety known 
as Merino Buckwheat or Indian Wheat some¬ 
times goes under this name, but it belongs to 
Central Europe, or at least it is grown thero 
upon very poor lands. Thera are no better 
kinds of this grain in existence than the com¬ 
mon gray and the silver-hulled varieties. 
Flax-Seed and Oil-Calte Meal. 
T. M. T., Altoona, la., asks what is the 
relative value for feeding purposes of flax-seed 
and oil cake meal; 2, would it pay to feed oil¬ 
cake meal to dairy cows on pasture at this 
time, for milk and butter. 
Axs.—By the German standard flax-seed is 
estimated to bo worth, as stock feed, 82.47 per 
100 pounds, and Oil-cake meal 41.01 per 100 
pounds. Circumstanees, however, might ren¬ 
der a certain sum expended for one more ben¬ 
eficial than the same sum spent for the other. 
For instance, a calf six months old would be 
more benefited by 85 worth Of oil-cake meal 
than by $.5 worth of flax-seed meal, because 
the former contains a larger proportion of al¬ 
buminoids and phosphate of lime needed to pro¬ 
duce musclo and bone, to enlargo the frame. 
On the other hand, boiled flax-seed fed with 
skimmed milk to younger calves fully replaces 
the cream taken off the milk, and therefore it 
is more appropriate than oil-meal for calves 
fed chiefly on milk. Skimmed milk and ono 
pound of boiled flax-seed per day w ill add 
greatly to the weight of calves two or three 
months old and under. Corn, oats and flax¬ 
seed ground together, in the proportion of 
seven and a half bushels each of corn and oats 
and ono bushel of flax-seed would make an ex¬ 
cellent mixture for dairy cows, especially in 
Winter, when the slight excess of oil in it over 
ordinary food will keep the stomach in good 
order at a tune when so much dry, husky food 
suggest Red-top. Fowl Meadow Grass and 
Creeping Bent Grass may be mixed with it to 
advantage. The land might bo pre¬ 
pared now and grass seed sown with wheat- 
—one and a-balf bushel per acre. Of 
course, either grass or grain would do better if 
sown separately. Wo arc here growing more 
and more in favor of sowing clover and al* 
kinds of grass very early In the Spring. If 
sown with w'hoat. use an inclined-tooth har¬ 
row to harrow in. Except for shaded fields, 
we prefer Timothy or Red-top to Orchard 
Grass. 
Cough in a Horse. 
L. R ., Lodi, H, Y., asks for a remedy 
for a throe-year-old mare troubled with 
a bad cough for the last couple of months; 
thero is no discharge from the nostrils, and her 
condition and appetite are good, except that 
the glands at the top of the throat are a t rifle 
thick. 
Axs.—Give sloppy food and hay well 
dampened with salt and water. Tho irritation 
at the top of tho wind-pipo will bo much re¬ 
lieved by causing the mare to frequently in¬ 
hale tho vapor from hot water, which may bo 
done in ono of tho ways lately illustrated in 
this department, or as good a way as any is to 
hold her head over a bucket of hot water now 
and then stirred up by means of a wisp of hay 
immerses l in it. Should tho weather prove cold 
as it lately has, the mare should bo blanketed. 
Apply some stimulating liniment now ami 
then between tho jaws and a short distance 
down tho back. 
Period of Gestation in Sheep. 
W. 11., Watertown, N. Y., asks how long is 
it until lambs are dropped after the sheep is 
put to tho ram, on an average. 
Axs.—There is some difference in the period 
according to tho brood; thus Darwin says that 
kept under tho same conditions, Merinos and 
South Downs differ thus:—Merinos Average 
130.3 days; South Downs, 144.3 days; half- 
blood Merino and South Down average 140.3 
days; three-fourths South Down blood average 
14.5.5 days. Among 912 ewes M. Tessier found 
that 140 lambed from tho 14fith to the 150th 
day—average, 143 days; 676 between tho 1.50th 
and tho 154th days—average 152 days; 96 
R. H. M., Antelope, Kan., asks, 1, bow old 
should a bull be before allowed to serve cows; 
3, how many should he serve in a season. 
Axs.—1, Ahull should be a year old before 
he is used for service; 2, Tho number depends 
a great deal on the age of the bull. When one 
year old, 10 would be enough; when a year 
and a half, 20 or even 2.5 would not be too 
many; when two years old and over, he should 
not serve over 50 or 60. 
miscellaneous. 
SUCCESS WITH RURAL FREE 
DISTRIBUTION. 
SEED 
We have enjoyed our first crop of Cuth- 
bert Raspberries from the plants sent us by tho 
Rural, and we find them, like others of the 
Rural presents, a valuable acquisition. They 
seem to be perfectly hardy with us; for al¬ 
though standing unprotected in an exposed 
part of tho yard, their growth was unchecked 
by last Winter’s severe cold. We were already 
growing several varieties of raspberries, but 
the present prospect is that tho Cuthbert 
will outrank them all. Perhaps I ought to except 
tho Caroline which is a prime favorite with us. 
Wo wore also greatly pleased with tho Laurel¬ 
leaved Willows that you sent us lust year. 
They made a wonderful growth: ono of tho 
cuttings attained a length of more than seven 
feet during tho Summer, and its rich, glossy 
foliage was tho admiration of every beholder. 
Being anxious to increase their number so that 
wo may have a supply to set in various places 
on our premises, we cut the entire growth off, 
leaving only bare canes, which, by the way, 
are this Summer growing into finely shaped 
little trees. Tho trimmings were all care¬ 
fully cut into pieces and set in the ground 
along with grope cuttings and other experi¬ 
ments. Every oue of them grew so that now 
wo have an abundant supply for ourselves 
and perhaps some to spare for friends who 
will appreciate them. e. k. b. 
Sterling Sta., N. Y. 
tion of last 
year 
We copy the following from our Fair Edi- 
“ Of all the wheats we 
tested last season, ‘Fultzo- 
Clawson’ boro tho larg¬ 
est, heaviest kernel, 
though it did not yield 
as much as many others. 
We often distrust the 
reputed parentage of so- 
called 1 hybrid ’ plants. 
We are satisfied that tho 
parentage of many new 
sorts of potatoes is merely 
guessed at, owing, as we 
said before, to the ex¬ 
treme difficulty of pro¬ 
curing pollen from the 
anthers of the flowers. 
But the Fultzo-Clawson 
shows a marked likeness 
to both parents. We 
hope under continued 
cultivation it may provo 
as prolific as the kernels 
are heavy.’’ This year it 
ranks in yield among the 
highest of our 77 differ¬ 
ent kinds. 
THE CLYDESDALE STALLION, BROWN GLANCER. FROM LIFE. FIG. 4<>0. 
The Rural Dlan- 
thus. —I havo received 
from my garden in Mad¬ 
rid, St. Lawrence Coun¬ 
ty, Mew York, a beauti¬ 
ful blossom from tho 
choice dianthus seeds dis¬ 
tributed by the Rural 
last Spring, together with 
the information that 
thero is great promise of 
many more. I ought to 
add that circumstances 
prevented as early and 
careful a planting as wo 
desired, but tho result is 
quite beyond our expec¬ 
tations and very satisfac¬ 
tory. p. H. w. 
is consumed. 2, Yes; a ration of a couple of 
pounds a day would pay well fed to milch 
cows at pasture. 
Grass for Wet Fields. 
C. N. G., Cairo, N. Y, wishing to seed to 
grass a field which is wot in Winter and Spring 
and on which, therefore, it is hard to get a good 
•‘catch,” as the grass is apt to get frozen out, 
asks whether Quack Grass or Orchard Grass 
would be likely to do well on it : and whether 
it is well to sow any other grass seed or grain 
with whichever of theso may be put in. 
Axs—Wo do not know that Quack Grass 
seed is offered for sale. Few would sow it on 
their farms. Thero is no valuable grass that 
will thrive well on “ wet fields.” Wo would 
lambed between tho 154th and the 161st days— 
average—1.57 days. Thus tho shortest period was 
146 days, and tho longest 161 days, with this 
flock, whoso breed is not mentioned. 
Miscellaneous. 
R. .If. L., Bedford, la., asks for a remedy 
for greaso heels in horses. 
Axs.—Keep tho feet clean, and for a couple 
of days apply poultices of equal parts of bran, 
flaxseed meal and powdered charcoal. Re¬ 
move all secretions of dry matter and dry 
scabs and crusts, an l then apply, two or threo 
times a day, sumo oxido of zinc ointment, to 
bo had at tho druggist's. Give loosening food, 
mixed with two draeluns of nitrate of potash, 
mornings and evenings. 
Communications received for week end¬ 
ing Saturday, Aug 27. 
W. H. R.-C. T. F.—J. B. W.—J. B.— 
j \v. S.—J. B.—C. W.—E. G. thanks. C. 
G.—J. G. B — C. H. D.—J. H. M.—J. D. 
C.—M. C. N.—J. 8. B —J. B.—D. 8. M.— 
\ ].] S— C. W. D.—J. A. W—thanks.—J. 
G.—J. W.-N. W.-F. T -W. M. M.— P. S. 
C. thanks.—8. K, B—F. T.tV ft. 81. S.—C. 
W. D.—A. 1\ M.—Many quest ions and ans¬ 
wers have, «. * t necessity. been held until after 
tho Fair and N heat Numbers.—J. N. M.— 8. 
C —H. S.—F. 8. -E. J. R. -J. R. R.— G. G. 
C—P. M. L.—W. IT. 8.—J. R. B.—G. G. 
C. -P. M. L.—W. H. 8.—J. W. M. 
-♦ » • 
Dr. T. H. Hoskins says that the Rural AVu>- 
Yorker is the best agricultural and domestio 
pape r in the world. 
