%8CUtU$, 
THE SESSION OF THE AMERICAN PO¬ 
MOLOGICAL SOCIETY AT BOSTON. 
[Special report to tlie Rural New-YORkrr.] 
The eighteenth session of the American Po- 
mological Society opened in the Hawthorne 
Rooms on Park Street, Boston, Mass., on 
Wednesday, September 14, at 10 o’clock a. m., 
with its venerable President, Marshall P, Wil¬ 
der, in the chair, and a large attendance of 
members and delegates, representing a very 
large portion of the States and Territories, to¬ 
gether with the British Provinces. 
The exhibition is held at Boston upon the 
invitation of the Massachusetts Horticultural 
Society, and the two societies hold a joint ex¬ 
hibition of fruits in the upper hall of the Hor¬ 
ticultural Society, while the vegetables and a 
portion of the fruits occupy the lower and 
larger hall, constituting an exceedingly fine 
exhibit. Flowers and plants occupy Music 
Hall, filling the entire ground floor together 
with the broad platform in front of the im¬ 
mense organ, which, with its grand music, 
constitutes one of the prominent features of 
the occasion. A large display of cut flowers, 
apparently crowded out of the space below, 
occupies the front of the gallery. The whole 
constitutes an array of gorgeous coloring and 
beautiful foliage, supplying ample material 
for a study of days and even weeks, and in¬ 
cluding many grand and magnificently-grown 
plants, such as only the houses of wealthy, 
tasteful and painstaking amateurs can supply. 
Reclining to the exhibit of the American 
Pomological Society:— 
The hugest exhibit of pears is made by the 
President of the Society, Col. Marshall P. 
Wilder, comprising 1(54 varieties. The exhibit 
of Hovey & Co. is nearly as large; while 
Warren Fenno and Benjamin Smith have each 
contributed to the exhibition over 60 varieties 
—all peal’s. 
Of apples, a small but very beautiful collec¬ 
tion is contributed by Mr. Charles Gibb, of 
Quebec, which has attracted much attention 
from the fact that the fruits were more fully 
colored than man}- similar sorts grown consid¬ 
erably farther south. 
An extensive and quite attractive collection 
of fruits comes from Maine. The largest and 
most attractive general collection, however, 
comes from Michigan, comprising apples, 
pears, peaches, plums, grapes, and, in addi¬ 
tion, a very interesting collection of wild 
fruits and nuts indigenous to that State. This 
exhibit is supplemented by a collection of 
fruits from the farm of Judge Ramsdell, of 
Traverse City (latitude 44.40 north), showing 
that apples, pears, plums and peaches are 
successful in that latitude, even in a year as 
unfavorable as the present one. These Mich¬ 
igan collections came in charge of a delega¬ 
tion chosen by the Governor of the State, 
including T. T. Lyon, President of the State 
Horticultural Society, as chairman of the del¬ 
egation, and Judge J. G. Ramsdell, Prof. W. 
J. Beal, Hon, W, K. Gibson and E. H. Scott, 
all of whom are more or less prominently 
associated with the horticulture of the State. 
Along with this collection was shown a map 
of the State, about live feet by six or seven, 
on which were indicated the classes of fruits 
more generally grown and the localities more 
especially devoted to each; also the localities 
in which local pomological or horticultural 
societies exist, showing that organizations of 
this character are quite generally distributed 
throughout the lower or southern portions of 
the State. Along with the map above de¬ 
scribed, copies of a pamphlet prepared by C. 
W. Garfield, Secretary of the State Horticul¬ 
tural Society, giving a concise account of the 
present condition of fruit culture in the State, 
were placed upon the tables for free distri¬ 
bution among those visiting the exhibition. 
We give the above somewhat extended no¬ 
tice of this exhibit as the only one shown un¬ 
der the sanction of State authority-; and for 
the reason that, in its make-up, it seemsto illus¬ 
trate well and fully the varied capacity of the 
State for the pursuit of several branch®? of 
this specialty. It was awarded the Wilder 
Silver Medal as the best geucral collection of 
fruits by a society—the collection having been 
made, for the State, by' the Horticultural So¬ 
ciety. 
Only seven Wilder Medals were awarded on 
this occasion, as follows:—To Marshall P. Wil¬ 
der, for the largest and best collection of pears: 
— Silver Medal. To C. M. Hovey, for collec¬ 
tion of peal's:—Brouzo Medal. To Benjamin 
Smith, for col lection of pears:—Bronze Medal. 
To Montreal Horticultural society, for miscel¬ 
laneous collection of apples:—Silver Medal. 
To James II. Ricketts, for the best collection 
of grapes:—Silver Medal, To Michigan State 
Horticultural Society, for host miscellaneous 
collection of fruits, composed of apples, pears, 
peaches, plums, grapes, wild fruits and nuts:— 
Silver Medal. ToB. S. Fox, San Jose, Cal., 
for collection of seedling pears:—Silver Medal. 
The session of the Society was opened in the 
forenoon of Wednesday, with the transaction 
of some preliminary business, and the nam¬ 
ing of committees on list of delegates, on 
fruits exhibited, and on nomination of officers 
for the ensuing biennial term. Owing to the 
pre-occupation of Secretary Manning (who 
is also Secretary of the Mass. Hort., Society), 
Prof. W. J. Beal, of the Michigan Agricul¬ 
tural College, was appointed Secretary pro 
tcm. The address of welcome was delivered 
by President Francis B. Hayes, of the Mass. 
Hort. Society, in a short but felicitous speech; 
and was very happily responded to by Presi¬ 
dent Wilder. On reassembling at three P. M. 
the first business was the delivery of the bien¬ 
nial address of President Wilder, which gave 
a very' interesting resume of the progress of 
American Pomology. He referred to the im¬ 
portance of a wider dissemination of the pro¬ 
ceedings of the Society, and announced that 
the Mass. Hort. Society had donated $500 for 
such purpose: also that he had the prospect of 
adding $1,000, or more, for the purpose from 
Boston friends. 
The committee on nomination of officers 
was then called upon, and reported as follows: 
For President, Marshall P. Wilder of Bos¬ 
ton. Mass. First Vice-President, Patrick 
Barry, Rochester, N. Y., with a Vice-Presi¬ 
dent for each State and Territory, including 
the District of Columbia and the British Prov¬ 
inces. For Secretary, Prof. W. J. Beal, of 
Michigan; Executive Committee, J. E. Mitch¬ 
ell, Philadelphia; George Thurber, N. Y.: J. 
F. C. Hyde, Mass.; P. J. Berckmans, Ga.; J. 
H. Masters, Nebraska. The Committees on 
Native Fruits; Foreign Fruits; Synomyous 
and Rejected Fruits; and Revision of Cata¬ 
logue were designated. Also the general 
Fruit Committee. The Secretary was direc¬ 
ted to notify the incoming officers, both elec¬ 
ted and appointed, and to request their accept¬ 
ance. 
T, T. Lyon, of Michigan, offered the follow¬ 
ing preamble and resolutions, which were 
read and referred to the Committee on Native 
Fruits with instructions to report at the pres¬ 
ent meeting. 
“ Whereas, the American Pomological So¬ 
ciety recognizes the establishment of a cor¬ 
rect and appropriate nomenclature as one of 
the first and most essential steps toward the gen¬ 
eral dissemination of correct pomological 
knowledge: and, Whereas our State and local 
agricultural, horticultural and pomological so¬ 
cieties now are, and seem likely ever to be, 
the chief means through which desirable im¬ 
provements of this character are to be brought 
home to the great mass of our people; and, 
Whereas, there is, at present, little apparent 
harmony of action, on this subject, on the part 
of such societies, generally, so far as the nam¬ 
ing, displaying, and examinations of fruits, 
as well as the principles upon which awards 
should be made are concerned; and, Whereas, 
such lack of harmonious action may reasons! >ly 
be, in a groat measure, attributed to the want 
of a well digested and generally recognized 
set of ideas, principles or miles of universal 
application: 
Therefore, Resolved, that a committee be 
appointed, charged with the duty of fram¬ 
ing a sot of such principles or rules, to be put 
forth and recommended by this Society, for 
the adoption and use of all, whether individu¬ 
als or societies, who may have to do with the 
naming, classifying, arranging, exhibiting or 
judging of fruits, including also the naming 
of new or newly introduced varieties. 
Resolved, That when such schedule of prin¬ 
ciples or rules shall have beeu framed and 
adopted by this Society, its committees shall 
be required to govern their action thereby ; 
and that it be the special duty of the Commit¬ 
tee on Native Fruits to report auy departures 
from such rules, in the nomenclature of na¬ 
tive fruits, that shall come to their knowledge, 
in order that the Society may be enabled to 
conform its own practice to the same 
Resol veil, That measures be taken to give to 
the rules so adopted a wide publicity, accom¬ 
panying the same with the suggestion, to all 
societies and individuals in charge of exliihi- 
bitions of fruits, that they be embodied in 
their premium lists and in the rules govern¬ 
ing their exhibitions and awards. 
Resolved, That, in pursuance of such pur¬ 
pose, it be made the duty of the President of 
this society, at the opening of each biennial 
session, to appoint a Committee on Nomen¬ 
clature, whose duty it shall be to supervise 
the nomenclature of the fruits placed upon its 
tables for exhibition, and to correct the same 
whenever needful. 
Invitations for the holding of the next meet¬ 
ing were extended to the society from Mis¬ 
souri. Michigan and Philadelphia, the last i , e- 
ceiviiig its acceptance. This acceptance is 
supposed to be due to a hope that President 
Wilder may bo able to be present at the meeting 
there, even should he find himself unable, ow¬ 
ing to age and infirmity, to attend at a more 
remote point. 
The reports of the retiring Treasurer, and of 
Mr. P. Barry, as Chairman of the Committee 
on Revision of Catalogue, were also submitted 
and adopted. * * * * 
(To be continued.) 
-» ♦ ♦- 
NEW JERSEY STATE FAIR. 
[Rural Special Report.] 
Waverly, N. J., Sept. 19-23, 1881. 
The 23rd annual fair of the N. J. State 
Agricultural Society was held upon the 
grounds of the Society at Waverly Park, N. 
J., commencing Sept. 19. The weather was 
fine, the. attendance large and the exhibition, 
in our judgment, superior to any of former 
years. Wo were gratified to see less of the 
“side show” and games of chance business 
upon the grounds than there was last year, 
and if this Society would bar out every out¬ 
side matter and conduct its fair strictly as 
an agricultural show, it would soon find 
farmers more interested, their attendance 
larger, and exhibitors more numerous. 
The cattle department w r as unusually well 
represented, Jerseys outnumbering any other 
breed. Ayrahires, Devons, Short-hams, Here- 
fords, Holsteins, Guernseys, and grades were 
also on exhibition. 
The poultry department was inferior in the 
birds shown, for they lacked some of the 
most important points of breeding. One coop 
of Asiatics, a few' Plymouth Rocks and a 
coop of white Leghorns, were specimens 
that Were particularly noticeable. The ar¬ 
rangements for exhibiting poultry is very bad. 
The light is poor, and some of the coops with 
first-premium tags could hardly be seen on 
account of their being so low. The display 
was not abundant in fine birds. 
Tiie pomological display was good, consider¬ 
ing the extremely drouthy season, but the ar¬ 
rangements were such that it could not be 
seen to advantage, and those who were most 
interested in this department, were obliged to 
forego a close examination. 
The agricultural implements show w'asone of 
the largest we ever saw on the grounds. 
TnE DIRECT-DR apt EUreka Mower, manu¬ 
factured by the Eureka Mower Co., Towanda, 
Pa., was conspicuous among others. This 
mower attracted the attention of many farm¬ 
ers, and its many points of excellence were 
especially noticed. The wheels are large and 
set directly back of the ends of the cutter-bar, 
thus bringing the cutter-bar directly in front 
of the whole machine. It can be set to cut 
any required bight, It. is attached to a float¬ 
ing frame and readily adapts itself to the un¬ 
evenness of the ground, and can be raised with 
perfect ease by the driver, and folded and 
fastened for transportation on the road with¬ 
out the driver leaving his seat. It does not re¬ 
quire a very close observer to see at once that 
this machine has an absolute direct draft, and 
that if direct-draft machines have merits, 
this one certainly possesses them. Another 
great advantage in using this is that it does 
away with the use of a tedder, as none of the 
grass is trodden upon by the horses or run 
overby the drive wheels, and it works equally 
well upon hill-sides as on flat lands, cutting 
backward and forward, lengthwise along the 
slope without driving the team up hill. 
The Warrior Mower Co., of Little Falls, N. 
Y,, exhibited the Warrior Mower, the Bramer 
Reaper, Randall Harrow, and the Bramer 
two-horse disc cultivator, implements of their 
own manufacture. Its lightness in draft, 
superior cutting qualities, simplicity of con¬ 
struction and ease of operation have gained 
for the Warrior Mower many first premiums 
at field trials, and the sales have far exceeded 
the capacity of the manufactory. The Bramer 
Reaper which was put upon the market dur¬ 
ing the past year, has met with universal 
approval wherever used, and hids fair to take 
a tiret rank among the leading reapers of the 
country. The merits of the Raudall Harrow 
are too well known to need an extended no¬ 
tice from us, and the manufacturers are con¬ 
fident that purchasers, like users, will be per¬ 
fectly satisfied svith its workings. The Bramer 
two-horse disc cultivator has been strongly 
approved by all who have used it, and the 
sales during the past year have been so great 
that the demand could not be met. As a sin¬ 
gle illustration of this point, we are informed 
that in Burlington Co., N. J., alone, 116 of 
these cultivators were sold during the past 
year. 
The Kemp <fc Burpee Man’fg. C’o., Syracuse, 
N. Y., exhibited through their Mr. Kemp, 
the putentee, several of their manure spreaders. 
One of these machines was shown in operation, 
spreading with great uniformity manure (fully 
nine-tenths of which was clean straw), lime, 
ashes, and in fact any kind or class of fer¬ 
tilizers necessary for plant food. Its merits 
being self-evident to a farmer of ordinary in¬ 
telligence. it is no wonder the company has 
beeu unable to supply the demand. A car¬ 
load of these machines was shipped to this 
fair, and every one was sold on the grounds. 
G. B. B. 
P. S.—We have just received a telegram 
from the Fair grounds at Waverly, N. J., 
stating that the William Anson Wood Mower 
and Reaper, exhibited by F. Porter Thayer, 
manager, 79-81 Reade street, New York City, 
had each received a first premium. 
CARE OF COMB HONEY. 
G. M. DOOLITTLE. 
Much has been written in regard to the best 
methods of securing large yields of honey, 
the hives best adapted to secure such a yield, 
etc, while but little has been said in regard to 
caring for such honey after it has been ob¬ 
tained. It is said that Mr. Durand, the straw¬ 
berry propagator of New Jersey, obtains more 
money from liis few rows of strawberries care¬ 
fully tended, and put upon the market in fine 
condition, than is obtained from as many 
acres grown and sent to market by shiftless 
parties. We find the same thing occurring in 
regard to much produce which is sent to mar¬ 
ket and honey is no exception to the rule. 
To place our honey upon the market in the 
best possible shape therefore should be the 
aim of every bee-keeper in the land. 
If honey is left on the hives but a few days 
after being sealed over, its snowy whiteness 
will bo changed to a yellowish white, by the 
bees running over it, thus spoiling it for a 
really fancy article. Hence he that wishes to 
get the first price for his honey will remove it 
from the hives as soon as sealed, and not leave 
it on, till the end of the season, to save the 
trouble of going over the apiary more than 
once, as the custom of some is. I go over my 
yard once a week, removing all sealed boxes, 
and placing empty ones in their places, and 
consider this none too often. After Likin g 
the honey from the hives there are two more 
things to be looked after, or we may have 
but a second-rate article, no matter how 
white and nice it may be when first taken off. 
If stored In a damp and cool room, honey 
will take on dampness; aud if left there long 
enough, it will become unsalable. How often' 
we see honey becoming transparent and 
standing in drops on the surface of the combs, 
ready to leak on being handled the least bit, 
which not only hurts the looks of it very much 
but makes it liable to sour unless consumed 
very soon. While iu New York in 1877 I saw 
in a damp cellar several hundredweights that 
hail became so damp as to burst the cells and 
run over the crates, floor, etc. It smelt very 
bad, and was unsightly to behold. 
To avoid a mishap like this honey should 
be stored in a very warm, dry room as soon 
as taken from the hives and left there for a 
month or more before it is crated preparatory 
to sending it to market. For this purpose 
1 use a room seven by ten feet in the south¬ 
west comer of my shop, having the outside 
painted a dark color so that the sim will make 
the room as warm as pos able. The mercury 
in this room will st^i.l from 90 to 100 3 most 
of the time, thus ripening the honey so that 
in a month s time it can be handled and tu rned 
over as much as I please, and not a drop will 
leak out, even from the uncapped cells at 
the edges of the box. 
If kept t!ius warm, as nearly all practical 
apiarists of the present time claim it should be 
kept, the second trouble is quite likely soon to 
appear, which comes in the shape of the larvge 
of the wax moth, VI onus in the l>oxes an 
inch long and nearly as large as a pipe stem 
are not very tempting to a customer who is 
in search ot a nice box of honey for his family 
or perchance for a select party. These have 
been seen by the writer while looking over 
honey at different markets. To prevent 
such a state of affairs, the honey, when taken 
from the hive, should be placed'on scantlings 
which should be raised a foot or more from 
the floor to permit the placing of burning 
sulphur underneath the pile, if the moth 
worm should be troublesome. Examine the 
honey every few days, and if you see many 
boxes with little white places resembling 
flour on the combs, you may know that the 
little worms have commenced to work and 
will eventually eat the sealing off, unless 
either they are killed by burning sulphur or 
their work is arrested by cold-weather. To 
sulphur, get a pan of coals and set them in a 
kettle or hx them in some way to prevent 
danger from fire, and when they are burn¬ 
ing pour on them three-quarters "of a pound 
of sulphur for every 200 cubic feet contained 
in the room. Sulphur the last thing before 
crating, and you muv be sure your honey 
will not depreciate while stuying'in the mar¬ 
ket. Just now the eggs of the moth gets in the 
boxes is not known. Some suppose the bees 
carry them there on their feet from walking 
over places where the miller has deposited 
them, while others think the miller get ac¬ 
cess to the interior of the hive at certain times. * 
When thoroughly ripened and sulphured as 
above, the honey -bould be stored in crates 
made of nice white wood, holding about 25 
pounds each, with the gross weight and the 
weight of the crate plainly marked on each 
as well as the net weight." When honey is 
thus put up it will always bring the highest 
price in the market. If there is any difference 
in the honey it should bo graded. I m.-ke 
three grades, putting none but that which 
is nice and white in No 1. For No, 2 that 
which :s mixed with buckwheat honey is 
used as w-ell as that built on old combs from 
w hicli it is always darker than that from new 
Buckwheat, golden rod and other Fall honey 
goes as No. •>, as well as all combs which have 
once been occupied with brood. When ad 
box honey in the United States is placed up¬ 
on the market in the above-described condi¬ 
tion, we shall have made a long stride toward 
a settled market value for our product, as 
there now is for most other productions. 
Borodino, N. Y. 
