yn 
PRICE FIVE CENTS 
$2-00 PER YEAR 
[Entered according to Act of Congress, In the year 1831, by t he Rura l New-Yorke r, In the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.] 
following prizes:—First prize in the four-year- 
old class at Minneapolis, Minn. At the 
same place she was also one of the herd that 
won the first Jersey herd prize and the second 
prize at the grand dairy herd competition for 
*1,000. At the great Chicago Fair, in a class 
of 23, she carried off the sweepstakes prize as 
the best dairy cow of any breed or age. She 
was also one of the first-prize Jersey herd 
which also bore a^ay the grand dairy prize of 
$500 and a gold medal valued at * 100. At the 
Illinois State Fair, at Peoria, she again came 
up a flrst-prize winner, and shortly after¬ 
wards she added to her honors at the great St. 
Louis Fair by taking the first prize in the 
four-year-old class and the sweepstakes for 
cows of any age, besides being one af the first- 
prize dairy herd. A glance at her splendid 
udder and tine form will remove all surprise 
at her triumphant progress. 
Rod Polled cow Battersea 4th is certified to 
have made over 20 pounds of butter per week 
in the season. 
The points of a superior animal of this breed 
are:—“Color, a deep red, with udder of the 
same color, but the tip of the tail may be 
white; nose dark and cloudy. Form, a neat 
head and throat and a full oye; a tuft or crest 
of hair should hang over the foi-ehead. The 
frontal bones should begin to contract a little 
above the eyes and should terminate in a com¬ 
paratively narrow prominence at the summit 
of the head. In all other particulars the com¬ 
monly accepted points of a superior animal are 
to be taken as applying to the Norfolk and 
Suffolk Polled cattle.” The accompanying 
likeness of Handsome 5th represents a fine 
specimen of cows of this breed, both as a beef 
and milk producer. She is owned by G. F. 
Taber, Patterson, Putnam County, N. Y., the 
largest importer of Red Polled cattle, and was 
bred by R. E. Lofft, Bury St. Edmunds, 
England, one of the most extensive breeders of 
these cattle in the Kingdom, and a frequent 
winner of prizes at the various agricultural 
shows at which they are exhibited. Before 
leaving England Handsome 5th had handsome¬ 
ly added another to his long list of premiums. 
She was also one of the herd that carried off 
all the premiums in that class at the New 
York State Fair, at Elmira, last September. 
tural shows, especially at those held within 
the two counties. The first volume of the 
Herd Book was published in 1874, and the 
first part of Vol. II. has just been issued. 
Togetlxei', they contain the pedigrees of 611 
bulls and 1,966 cows. Special attention is be¬ 
stowed on keeping a record of the various 
tribes included in the breed At the Norfolk 
Agricultural Show held hist June at Norwich, 
there were 62 entries of the breed, which won 
high encomiums from all lovers of fine cattle 
who beheld them, and at all the bite fairs held 
in that part of the island they won a tine rep¬ 
utation. 
Youatt says the Suffolk cow could be easily 
fattened to 500 or 600 pounds; now-a-days that 
would lie considered a veiy light weight, as 
cows of the present breed run from 900 to 1,600 
pounds. A medium-sized cow, from 1,000 to 
1,200 pounds, is found, however, to be the best 
for both beef and milk, for any increase of 
weight above that is apt to be gained at the 
expense of the milking qualities. Probably the 
most economical plan would be to keep two 
strains, one of medium size for milk, and the 
other of larger size for beef, or the choice be¬ 
tween the two might be determined by the ob- 
joct the owner might have in view—beef or 
milk. For the former the Red Polled is claimed 
to be as excellent a beast ns the more famous 
Angus, maturing early and laying on rapidly 
and economically an excellent, quality of meat., 
most abundant in the choicest parts and finely 
marbled with a desirable admixture of fat and 
lean. At the late Norfolk show two calves, a 
bull and a heifer, under 12 months, won first 
prizes; and of them the Agricultural Gazette 
said:—“ We never saw, of any breed, calves of 
like age so extraordinarily developed ; they 
■were finished like two-year-olds. For milk 
OUR ANIMAL PORTRAITS. 
Polled Suffolk Cow, Handsome 5th. 
Within the last few years polled cattle have 
been gaining rapidly in public favor in this 
country. Apart from their other merits, the 
absence of horns is greatly in their favor. The 
possession of dangerous weapons begets, in 
man or beast, a strong tendency to make a 
hurtful use of them, fostering a quairelsome 
disposition, ever ready to take or give offense. 
Deprived of this incitement to contention, the 
polled breeds of cattle are all of a quiet, peace¬ 
able disposition. Having no weapons to fight 
with, they have no temptation to do so. They 
live in peace with each other and with other 
animals in the same yards or pastures. None 
of the numerous injuries anil fatalities among 
companions aud attendants duo to the vicious, 
reckless or accidental misuse of their horns by 
ether bi’eeds can ever be charged agaiust 
polled cattle. They occupy less room in the 
stable, the railroad car and at the feeding 
trough. Their quiet nature promotes rapid 
fattening; their gentle disposition makes them 
favorites with the most timid. 
There are four British breeds of polled cat¬ 
tle—the Galloway and Angus or Aberdeen in 
Scotland and the Noxfolk and Suffolk in Eng¬ 
land. Youatt, writing in 1S34, descrilies the 
Norfolk aud Suffolk as quite distinct breeds, 
giving preference to the latter both for beef 
and milk-producing capacity. Both, he thinks, 
undoubtedly sprang from Scotch Galloways, 
droves of which had from n very early 
period been prepared for the London market 
on the pastures of the adja¬ 
cent counties of Norfolk and 
Suffolk. These were crossed 
on the native red, Devon-like 
cows of Norfolk, and on the 
dun - colored, deep - mi Iking Oja 
cows of Suffolk, and the 
progeny became so much Jr 
more numerous and profita- 
ble than the old soi ts, that 
they have come to be regard- 
ed as the native breeds 
which they have superseded. 
What difference still exists 
between the cattle of these 
two counties, is very much 
less marked than it was half 
a century ago, and in de¬ 
scribing them at fail's and 
speaking of their charac¬ 
teristics they are now-a-days 
clubbed together os Norfolk 
and Suffolk Red Polled cat¬ 
tle. The Suffolk, however, is 
somewhat lower in stature, 
and finer than the Norfolk, 
besides being shorter in the 
leg, broader and rounder, . 
and possessed of a greater 
propensity to fatten and at- " Vi 
tain heavier weight. Among 
hornless cattle they hold a -i 
position somewhat anal- 
agous to that occupied in Y 
England by the Short-horns 
among honied lieasts—they 
are prized alike for their 
merits as dairy and beef ani¬ 
mals. While, howevei - , the 
THE DAIRY COW, 
Garget (Mammitis), 
Garget is the common name given to dis¬ 
eases of the uddei\ The technical name, mam¬ 
mitis, or inflammation of the mammae or milk 
glands, includes a number of affections of 
thisox-gan; garget, ropy milk, bloody milk, 
diseased or impure milk and whatever may 
cause disorder of the milk secretions. 
A description of the construction of the 
udder, or rather the mammary glands, of 
which the cow has four inclosed in one com¬ 
mon envelope, all of which 
we call the udder, will ex¬ 
plain more clearly the uatui’e 
and effect of the various dis¬ 
orders which are commonly 
included in the term gai'get. 
At figure 507 is a represent- 
hM ation of a supposed section 
of the udder made lengthwise 
through it, from front to 
rear. At A. is the milk vein 
!| | so called, but really the ab¬ 
dominal subcutaneous vein, 
which in cows has an enor¬ 
mous volume. The capil¬ 
lary or ultimate branches 
I i of this vein are veiy nuxner- 
§£»i ous, and connect and anasto - 
mose, or form a continuous 
net-work, with the capillary 
or ultimate branches of the 
sub-cutaneous abdominal ar- 
Ifej &l ^ tery, which supplies the 
mamm;v with blood. These 
’ capillaries surrround and en- 
velop the gland vesicles, 
shown at figure B. These 
gland vesicles here figured, 
%, appear as magnified four 
; ■' times. Each one of these 
minute vesicles has the office 
or function of secreting the 
-twi , V milk from the blood supplied 
to it by the arteries, and the 
J * blood which has parted with 
its quota of milk, then passes 
to its veins on its way to the 
lungs and heart for purifica¬ 
tion and a fresh supply of nu- 
JERSEY COW PRIDE OF EASTWOOD 
(10,297). 
Those who have read the excellent i*eports 
of the Western fains that have been appearing 
in our columns, will have noticed the frequent 
triumphs of the Eastwood Jersey Hex’d owned 
by Messrs. Hoovex* & Co., Columbus, Ohio. 
Of this fine herd the glory is the cow Pride of 
o YI A -'Ws A_- 
POLLED SUFFOLK COW, HANDSOME 5TII.— Fig. 506 
Jkpll 
|||p|| 
Slgjgl 
flinifwS 
Short-horns ni'e favorites in 
nearly all pai'ts of the country, the popular- | 
ity of the NoiTolk aud Suffolk cattle is con- | 
lined almost entirely to the counties from 
which they txxke their name. Of late the 
bieedei-s of Red Polled cattle have been 
bringing them more than usual to public 
attention by publishing a Hei'd Book of the 
breed and making larger and rnoi’e carefully 
the red polled bx-eedshave always had a higher 
reputation than the black polled, both for 
quantity and quality. At the Suffolk show in 
England on June 30 last, a special prize for 
the cow giving the largest mess of inilk was 
awardo 1 to the Red Polled cow Wild Rose, 
which gave 13 quarts in 12 hours—less than 
she was accustomed to yield on the fai'm. The 
Eastwood, an excellent likeness of which we 
present to our readex's at Fig. 510. She has a 
x’ecoi'd of 21 pounds 13 ounces of unsalted but¬ 
ter made in seven days, when four years old, 
90 days after calving, which, her owners 
claim, exceeds any l’ecord within their re- 
membrauce. During hei' careei’ at tno fail's 
this Fall she has won, or helped to win, tha 
| triment from the great thoracic vein which 
pours into the heart the blood newly 
formed from the digested food. Thus the 
milk is as direct a product of the blood 
as are the muscular tissue and fat, which 
are deposited in their proper places from 
the proper vessels of supply. These gland 
vesicles are clustered in groups around 
