labor hired there is not ranch profit on a field 
of corn at ordinary prices, with corn 60 cents 
per bush. .and an average crop not over 50 bush¬ 
els per acre. Corn is now worth 75 cents per 
bushel for old; but the crop does not average 
SO bushels, so that the extra cost per bushel 
equals the extra price. Everything on the 
farm ought to be well done to make farming 
pay. 
One object in raising different crops is that 
less force can keep the work up. In the five- 
field system the first work in the Spring is to 
get the potatoes planted and the oats sown; 
uext comes corn planting, which should be 
done by the time the potatoes are up ready to 
be “worked." Then the corn is ready to be 
“ worked," and in working corn while young 
it saves hoeing to plow close, but not deep. 
A man running his plow or cultivator through 
the middle of the rows does not earn his 
board. By the time the potatoes are “finished 
up” or before, the grass is to be mown and 
taken care of. Then the wheat claims atten¬ 
tion, and by the time it is cared for the oats 
are ripe, and if the potatoes are early varieties 
they are ready to be lifted and sent to market. 
Now the harvest is over, except the corn, 
apples, cabbage and roots of all kinds. If late 
cab cages are grown, they should have been set 
the last of June and have received their share 
of attention; and cabbage Is a good crop for a 
young apple or other orchard, and may fol¬ 
low very early potatoes or early cabbage. 
It is now time to prepare for sowing wheat, 
thrashing, etc. Where potatoes are raised, no 
preparation or manure isueeded if the potatoes 
were properly handled. With September 
comes wheat sowing, corn cutting and apple 
picking. The latter part of October brings 
busking corn and finishing up the apples. In 
November it is propter to prepare for Winter, 
so that the farmer may have his vacation after 
nine mouths of labor that has demanded his 
attention all the time. In Winter, too, the 
manure is to be carted, stock to be looked af¬ 
ter, and during the short days there can al¬ 
ways be found something to do if the farmer 
wishes to work. 
The second object in raising different crops 
is that if the corn fails the oats may be unusu¬ 
ally good, as is the case this year. If the crop 
is all potatoes, and they rot, the prospect is 
bad. If half the potato field is under oats, 
there is something to feed the horses. The 
third object is that the variety of crops grow 
better than where com follows corn and wheat 
follows wheat. This rule is thought to hold 
good with most crops, excepting onions. 
Mercer Co., N. J. Ira J. Blackwell. 
depth of eyes, etc. The other kinds of pota¬ 
toes tested have already been illustrated in the 
Rural New-Yorker. ThePrlde of America 
was most injured by grubs, Andrews’ White 
Rose next. The Mammoth Pearl was the least 
injured by grubs, and next, the Rose Magnum 
Bonuxn. 
White Elephant. —Planted April 20, 10 tu¬ 
bers; 179 single eyes, weighing 4% pounds, of 
which 176 grew. First sprouts appeared May 11, 
blossoming June 13. They ripened Sept. 20. 
Yield 379 pounds, or four bushels and three 
pecks. Comments upon the quality of this 
potato are unnecessary, as it was sent to all 
the subscribers of tho Rural New-Yorker 
who applied, in its Free Seed and Plant Distri¬ 
bution of 1880-81. The reports from nearly 
every part of the country show that it will 
probably become one of the most popular late 
potatoes in cultivation. 
Mammoth Pearl, sent to us by J. M. Thor- 
born & Co., of New York, was planted April 
30. Ten tubers, 145 eyes, weighing four 
pounds seven ounces. Of these 118 ^ rew, the 
upon a quantity of filth; while a women will 
carefully gather a handful or two of clean 
litter to protect the bottom of tlie pail. In 
the after washing of the milk pails this differ¬ 
ence is a serious item in the labor of cleansing 
the utensils in that it brings into the sink the 
foulest arid most penetrating odors of the 
stable. But market reports tell the tale in the 
most convincing manner; and just now we 
find that creamery, June packed butter is 
•quoted at 18 cents per pound; while the top of 
the market is over 40 cents. When the 
womau was queen of the dairy, June-packed 
butter brought the highest prices. Then the 
butter buyer thrusting his tryer into the fir¬ 
kins and tubs, fetched up a sample of butter, 
not “ gilt-edged” only, but golden all through 
and of that, delicious, nutty fiavor which told 
of the fresh J una grass, “ the sweet breath of 
the heifers," and the perfect manipulation of 
the neat and skillful dairy woman. What a 
falling off is there wheu June creamery is 
only four cents above the value of “all sorts,” 
grease included. If this is all the creamery 
has done or can do for June butter, it is a 
pertinent question to ask, “ is the creamery 
all gain?” 
arm vunmamij 
The five-field system of rotation is general 
in this section, commencing with corn one 
year, and the second year oats, followed in 
Remedy for a Kicking Cow. 
I think that the success F. f5. C. met with in 
the management of his kicking cow (see page 
812) was something marvelous. I have han¬ 
dled hundreds of cows, but there was not one 
among the number that would not, if tied in 
the style he describes, have thrown herself, 
and perhaps broken either her legs or neck, or 
both. If a kicking cow cannot be managed 
by “moral suasion,” fasten her by the head in 
some manner, then tie a large cord or rope 
around tho body just back of the fore-legs, 
with a stick twist the cord tightly, and the 
cow cannot kick. Milk as quickly as possible, 
and remove tho cord, as it evidently gives the 
cow considerable pain. After a few times it 
will only be necessary to slightly tighten the 
cord, and in a short, time the kicking propen¬ 
sity will disappear. Nelson Ritter. 
Onondaga Co., N. Y. 
NOTES FROM THE EXPERIMENT 
GROUNDS OF THE RURAL 
NEW-YORKER. 
A POTATO RACE 
In order to test the yield and quality of 
some of the new kinds of potatoes which have 
come to us very highly commended, all w ere 
planted, manured and cultivated in the sumo 
maimer in a well drained clayey loam soil 
that seldom suffers from drought. A thin 
spread of stable manure on the surface 
spaded under was all the fertiliser used. The 
drills were two-and- a-half feet apart—the 
pieces or eyes placed one foot apart by meas¬ 
ure. 
Andrews' White Rose, sent to us by Mr. 
W. L. Bishop, Le Roy, Genessee Co., N. Y. 
Planted April 19. Eighteen tubers were 
cut into 215 (single) eyes, weighing 9^ pounds. 
Of these 209 grew, the first sprouts appearing 
May 9. The plants boro no blossoms. The 
yield was 389 pounds, or six bushels two pecks 
and six quarts. The vines died August 25th. 
The quality of this potato is the same as that 
of Early Rose. 
Pride of America, from B. K. Bliss & 
Sons, were planted the same date (April 19). 
Thirteen tubers wore cut into 155 (single) eyes, 
the weight of which was four-and a-half 
pounds. Of these 12-5 grew’. First sprouts ap¬ 
peared May Sth. Blossomed June 25. Rip¬ 
ened September 5. Yield 193 pounds, or three 
bushels and one peck. The fiavor of this po¬ 
tato is the same as that of the Early Rose— 
fine-grained and mealy. 
Rose Magnum Bonum Potatoes were sent 
here by Mr. Rose, the originator, whose 
address has not beeu retained. They were 
planted April 20—10 tillers, 114 eyes (single), 
weight four pounds. Of these 102 grew, the 
first sprouts appearing May 8. They blos¬ 
somed June 20, and ripened Aug. 26. Yield 
1(M‘,, pounds, or one bushel three pecks and 
four quurts. Eyes are deep, skin white', round¬ 
ish in shape, potatoes uniformly of large size 
cooking mealy; quality good, having more of 
the potato or nutty flavor than those of the 
Early Rose class. 
English Magnum Bonum. —We reported 
very favorably upon the quality of this vari¬ 
ety last year from having eaten imported po¬ 
tatoes. They were judged to possess a rich, 
oily flavor, all their own. Our soil, however, 
does not suit them. They cook soggy, with 
none of the characteristic flavor of the im¬ 
ported tubers. Planted April 30,37 potatoes, 190 
eyes, weighing four pounds, of which 105 grew 
First shoots appeared May 11. blossoming June 
26, ripening Sept. 5. Yield 160 pounds, or 
two bushels, two pecks and seven quarts. 
Mr. Parnell’s remarks on hedges remind 
me that the Osage Orange is quite largely 
used as a hedge in portions of New Jersey, that 
I have lately visited, especially in Mercer 
County, where miles of it may bo seen taking 
the place of the common farm fence. It seems 
to be very much liked, aud will, when proper¬ 
ly formed and well kept, turn almost any¬ 
thing, from a hare to an ox. I also noticed 
mauy new hedges from one to two years old; but 
their general management does not seem to be 
a? well understood as it should be. Mauy of 
them manifestly received their first clipping 
when quite four feet high, and they are conse¬ 
quently too open at the bottom. This results 
from an impatient desire to get a hedge too 
soon at the expense of its usefulness. For 
manifest reasons the first year’s growth should 
have been cut back to a foot, and the hedge 
carried up to the desired bight by degrees. 
Many of the hedges I saw I would cut down 
almost to the ground, and form anew. There 
is too much growth at the top and too little 
at the bottom. Not a few, however, were well 
formed, aud presented such a delightful con¬ 
trast to the common rail fence that I cannot 
help wishing that the usefulness of the Osage 
Orange as a farm hedge were better and more 
generally known. The Rural could hardly 
do a better thing than give its readers a 
good practical article on the value and for¬ 
mation of Osage Orange hedges as a substitute 
for the common unsightly and costly farm 
fence, especially on the public highway. 
BELLE POTATO.—FROM LIFE.—FIG. 
I have recently seen a notable instance of 
the value of thoroughly stirring the soil. Oa 
a former occasion I alluded to a new potato 
digger, aud its great fault of bruising the po¬ 
tatoes badly. "When this was discovered its use 
was suspended. It had the merit, however, 
of thoroughly stirring and pulverizing the 
soil. The lot was subsequently, at the end of 
the drought, sown to wheat, and I have seen 
it several times, Oil strip where the potg,- 
acres for road; five acres for timber; five acres 
for apple orchard; one acre for pea re and cher¬ 
ries; one acre for peaches—leaving six 14-acre 
fields, making one for corn, one for oats and 
potabies, one for wheat, and one for pasture 
where land is cheap (it may pay better to 
soil the stock where land sells high), one to 
mow and one for grass to fall on the ground 
as a fertilizer, excepting in yeare when hay is 
high. Where the manure is bought and tho 
ond, Mammoth Pearl; third, Andrews’s White 
Rose. The best keepers, judging at this date, 
are, first, Rose Magnum Bonum; second, 
Mutmnonh Pearl; third, White Elephant. 
The poorest keepers are Audrews’ White Rose 
and Pri e of America. 
Our illustrations of Mammoth Pearl, Belle, 
Rose MaguumBouum, aud Audrews’ White 
Rose are from medium-sized potatoes which 
seemed to be typical in shape, number and 
