does not stand the heat very weU during trans- 
portation. 
Just here, while I am speaking of Southern 
grapes, let me speak of one point connected with 
them that is not generally understood, and 
which will at the same time be applicable, and 
show the objections to the cultivation of the 
earlier varieties of grapes. 
During the war, yon all know that we had to 
the Northern States for our eaily 
which in a few instances made their 4>- 
about September 1st. When the South 
them, they anticipated seeming 
Industrial Soriftirs 
chance. It has been planted largely, and this | 
season would witness its behavior in different 
localities and soils, and he had no reason to 
doubt Mr. McLauey's hopes would be fully real¬ 
ized. 
The Gooseberries adopted for general use are: 
Houghton, Downing. Mountain, and Smith’s. 
The Currants are: Cherry, Red Dutch, \ er- 
sailles, White Grape, and Black Naples. For 
trial, the Long-Bunched Holland. 
The Apple or Orange, and Rea’s Seedling 
Quinces were adopted for general Culture. 
This completes the fruit list as adopted. It is 
not claimed to be perfect, by any means. It is 
only the foundation for future action, and will 
be subject to revision at each annual meeting. 
Insects injurious to fruits and vegetables was 
next discussed. Mr. Beekmak said the apple- 
borer was 'Very destructive to apple trees, and 
slugs to pear trees. 
Mr. OoxxisMiru said there were two kinds of , 
apple-borers—one operating near the ground, 
the other under the bark of the apple, pear, and 
quince, three to four feet above ground, in the 
sunshine. They will not .work in the shade. 
Dry dust, hme, or ashes thrown on the tree is a 
simple and effectual remedy for the sing. 
The secretary alluded to a sort ol scale or 
fungus affecting the canes of Black Raspberries. 
Its effects were eufeeblemont and death. 
Mr. Durand called attention to a grub that 
was very injurious to strawberry plants, living 
on the roots. It was similar in appearance to the 
one found in manure-heaps, but more slender ; 
nearly the same size, but never so stout and 
iia/l troubled him seriously. Had 
N. J. STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
SECOND DAY’S SESSION. 
The subject of Apples, laid on the table yester¬ 
day, was taken up, read, and discussed, and, with 
some additions, adopted, ns follows: Baldwin, 
Red Astrachan, Smith’s Cider, It. I. Greening, 
Maiden's Blush, Orange Pippin. Barge Yellow 
Bough. Gravonstein, Fall Pippin, and Early 
Harvest. J'orter, Roxbury Russett, and Canfield 
were added the last moment on the recommenda¬ 
tion of members from Essex and Union Counties. 
The Duchess of Oldenburg, Daily Sweet, Hub- 
bardstou Nonesuch, Bcuoni, Peck’s Pleasant, 
Summer Pippin, Fallawater, Moore's Sweet, 
Tetofsky, Nero, and Dumpier were adopted as a 
Inal ini' The two latter are local varieties of 
depend upon 
grapes, 
pearance 
began to grow 
not only these high figures, but an increased 
price for their fruit, because they could intro¬ 
duce it earlier in the season. Their theory ap¬ 
peared plausible, but the facts that existed, 
proved it incorrect. The facts referred to were 
these: that owing to the season our market was 
full of other varieties of fruits, which were oi 
snch a perishable character that they had to be 
consumed daily, or they would have perished, 
while at the same time, the consumers knew 
that they would be able to procure grapes at any 
time during the Fall months. Then again, owing 
to the intense heat that prevails during the rip¬ 
ening of this fruit iu the South, the growers are 
often compelled to pack it hot, then having been 
placed in a heated car or steamer, tho work of 
destruction has begun, and is often finished bv the 
time it arrives in New York. When it does arrive 
1 in good condition, there is little or no demand 
for it. so that frequently dealers are compelled 
to see it spoil for the want, of purchasers. 
The Delaware continues to maintain its popu¬ 
larity, but although it may be said it has no rival 
similar In character and time of ripening, yet 
should one or two of Mr. Kickett’s Seedlings 
prove to be prolific bearers, they will prove 
W. N. BauSett, of Connecticut, then read a ; 
paper on Grape Culture, or Viticultural Educa- i 
tion. at the conclusion of which lie remarked that 
he had brought up this subject in view of its 
great importance to our State, where there are 
over five millions of acres within the vino zone, a 
million of which should ho put in grapes. II 
each of the twenty-one counties of the State 
raised a crop of grapes and vino amounting onh 
to one million dollars, which could bo easily done 
on about three thousand acres, it would greatly 
exceed the present annual crop from all other 
productions. G rapes were a necessity, and there 
are a million of mouths each side of this city, 
within about an hour’s rido, ready to consume 
them. 
They were also a luxury, and there are a thou¬ 
sand millions of wealth in each of the cities of 
New York and Philadelphia, the holders of which 
aro ready to pay for a superior art ide. No other 
place iu the world has a .fruit-market like this, 
and no fruit equaled the grape-the richest, and 
sweetest of all. Besides, in a soil and climate 
like this, it is the easiest U nit that oau beYaised. 
If apples were planted, blight and insects cannot 
be controlled, and they bear but one year in two, 
and the market value is hardly one-fifth that, of 
grapes. If pears were grown, fire-blight and 
fungi mysteriously ruined the crop, ihe bet¬ 
ter the pear, the more tender and uncertain the 
fruit. If plums and peaches are tried, the eur- 
culio and yellows interfere, and cut off the 
profits. But grape culture is so systematized, 
and the vine so tractable, that insects and disease 
cau be avoided by the skillful grower, and a full 
crop not only annually produced, hut the vines 
come into full bearing in less than half the time 
required by the apple and pear. If small fruit, 
like raspberries, are raised, the coat of picking is 
ten times that of grapes, while a bushel of each 
brought about the same price. Besides, berries 
must be sold at once; but grapes cau be kept for 
months, or made into wine, which is alwayB in 
demand, at remunerative prices. There is no 
place in the world where a young man with small 
capital could realize more from the soil than by 
grape culture in this State. 
Stall the vineyard as stated in my essay before 
the Massachusetts Horticultural Society. Make 
the vine-bed thirty iucheB deep and, ten feqj 
wide, running north and south. Return the 
surt'ace-soil with fertilizers, as directed. Set;tbe 
vines and train to trellis, as stated aw'sy fiom 
the vine-bed -so that the sun Will shine otf the 
soil, ‘over the roots, throughout the day. The 
GRAPES IN NEW YORK 
In 1848 the only cultivated grape we had m 
the New York market was the Isabella. They j 
w r ere grown principally iu tho counties bordering 
on the Hudson River in N. Y. State, and wore all 
shipped in boxes containing from 80 to 40 pounds j 
each. Nyaok was at that day one of tho prlnci- i 
pal shipping points, but since then their cultiva¬ 
tion has extended to other sections of the State. 
Among the places in which they are most culti¬ 
vated are Hammondsport. Naples, Watkins. Vine 
Valley, and a large number of others situated on 
the Crooked and Canandaigua Lakes. 
At the period named, the demand for the 
Isabella used to continue until the crop was ex¬ 
hausted, but since the introduction of other 
varieties, this demand censes long before the 
crop is all shipped, so that many tons of them 
annually sold at a mere nominal figure to 
White were added to the list. No trial list was 
adopted. 
The general list of Plums adopted were: 
White Magnum Bounm, Richland, Green Gage, 
and Damson. The trial list is: Wild Goose, De 
Car&denc, Miner, und Bassett’s American. 
The general list of Cherries were: Black Tar¬ 
tarian, Early Richmond, May Duke. Black Eagle. 
tauau, uu-a • j - k * — - -- 
White Amber, Coe's Transparent, Rockport Big- 
gareau. and Gov. Wood. Trial list: Early Pur¬ 
ple, Guigne, and Luelling. 
The general list of Raspberries adopted was : 
Doolittle Black Cap. Pliiladelfihia, Mammoth 
Cluster, and Brandywine. The trial list is; 
Winaut (highly commended by Mr. Lauiiy), Gan- 
argua, Delaware, Early Prolific, and Reliance. 
The last three were commended by Mr. Pakry. 
Mr, QuiSW advised caution in accepting state¬ 
ments regarding new fruits. We ail remember 
the ' 1 Herstinc,” when introduced, was claimed 
to be perfectly hardy, and to possess all the re¬ 
quisite qualities of a first-rate market fruit, and 
we now know how sadly disappointed we have 
been. Tho Clarke also was claimed as perfectly 
hardy—a large, fine market variety. Time 
proves it to be ueither hardy in winter nor sum¬ 
mer, and worthless for market- The Philadel¬ 
phia was also claimed to be large, luscious, and 
firm. It proves to be neither; its chief merits 
G. C. Pearson, in waiting to the 1 acme mirai 
Press of the various fruits now being extensively 
cultivated in California, claims that the Grape is 
the most valuable of all, as it appears to flourish 
throughout the length and breadth ot the State. 
But he adds:- * With this in our favor, we are 
nevertheless drawing upon Asia Minor and Eu¬ 
rope for our Zaute currants, for our nunns and 
our wines. Spain, benighted and befogged as it 
is in superstition, manages this yoar to i rnnish 
a surplus for the world's consumption of over 
3 000 000 boxes of raisins. She also exports 
from 50.000.000 to 60,000,000 pounds of what are 
termed * Valencias '—a raisin that is stemmed 
and shipped in barrels and boxes. Those kno wn 
to the trade as ‘ Dehesas ’ are first in qualitj 
and worth, at last quotations *2.80 pel^ box of 
25 pouuds. Then come the blue brand, Lav - 
ers’ ‘Black-basket,’ and the ‘Loudou Layers, 
worth, respectively. *1.80 and *1.40 
and box. Turkey furnishes the Sultanas 
which are sun-cured and slightly sprinkled with 
oil when packed. The ‘ Elime’ raisin, are also 
from Turkey. They are carefully selected and 
pift up for ship stores aud loug voyages. The 
' Chune ’ is also from Turkey. It 16 a small, 
-W 1 , sm,l inferior raisin, and largely shipped to 
