an appearance of sameness and uniformity and 
to diversify the views as much as possible there 
should bo a difference in varieties, habits and 
positions. When lining a street they must 
necessarily be in straight lines, but it is not 
necessary that they should bo at equal distances, 
and to avoid monotony they need to be diversified 
in variety. S. B. Peck. 
would be decidedly more beautiful, because more 
appropriate and better adapted to the useB for 
which they are designed. 
The entrance from a street to a dwolling, or to 
a public or a private office, should be in a direct 
line to the door; because that is the shortest 
route and best adapted to the intended purpose. 
Grounds designed for ornament and pleasure 
are more pleasing when laid out in curved linos, 
because, by prolonging the distance wc prolong 
the pleasure, and if we have statuary, fountains, 
this he accomplished than by applying to head¬ 
quarters for information, which will he fur¬ 
nished most cheerfully. Those who want a 
wagon and those who want money can both be 
benefited. 
THE WATEBTOWN WAGON, 
THE BUFFALO PITTS, 
The following letter from the California 
correspondents of Mr. Jas. Bkaylev, Messrs. 
Baker & Hamilton, was communicated to the 
WINTEK MALADIES OF BEES, 
good as represented. “Brash" wood, nicely 
covered with putty and streaked with bright 
colors, like a dead man, tells no tales, and we 
take at par statements Of worth, which can only 
he discounted in anger, when a vehicle lets us 
down suddenly in some inconvenient place, and 
the manufacturer, like Sheridan's horse, is some 
twenty miles (or more) away, and not amenable 
to the logic of a pair of doublcd-up lists, impelled 
by muscle and wrath. 
There is hut one way to avoid experiences of 
this kind, and that is to deal with those who have 
a reputation and are pecuniarily interested in 
maintaining it. If a wagon is to he purchased, 
it should be the first duty of the buyer to inform 
himself aH to the standing of the makers, and 
then inquire into the merits of their special pro¬ 
duction. 
The Watertown Spring Wagon Company, 
Watertown, N. Y., does a largo business in farm 
and general-purpose wagons, and, what is more 
to the purpose, put their character into their 
work. Tho Watertown wagon, for this reason, 
has obtained a wide and still-extending populari¬ 
ty, and aa the firm confines,itself to certain 
styles, it has the added advantage or reaching 
pretty near perfection in its products; just as 
any one will muko a certain article bettor the 
more assiduously ho confines himself to doing 
over and over tho same thing. 
Particular care is exercieed, in tho first place, 
to select mid use only tho best-seasoned second- 
growth timber in all parts of the wagon. Tho 
most approved patented wheels (riveted and 
plain hubs), made from whito hickory, are used 
exclusively, as also the Graham patent iron seat. 
Not content with perfect material, they finish 
tho wagons in carriage style, so that the intend¬ 
ing purchaser has his taste gratified, while his 
judgment approves of tho solid advantages un¬ 
derlying the finery. 
Their large factory is one of the institutions of 
Watertown, and visitors are at all times welcomo 
to pool' about among workmen and machinery, 
seeing for themselves just what care is taken to 
make a wagon, that is intended to ho a lasting 
benefit to its owner. 
The merits of tbe Platform Bpring are so 
generally conceded that, anything said in support 
of its excellencies would bo like “ carrying coals 
to Newcastle." It iH durable, easy, and made 
of tho best English steel. But in addition to all 
The carrying of bees safely through winter is 
a subject which commands considerable attention 
among apiarians, for severe Iossob frequently 
occur at this season, and how to prevent these is 
a question of great importance. In a late num¬ 
ber of the English Agricultural Gazette wo find 
some hints iu regard to the care of boos in 
winter, which even at this advanced season may 
be useful to our readers, and which we condense 
therefore for their benefit. 
As Nature is the best, teacher, it is the part of 
Wisdom to follow her lead; and therefore, in 
cold, wet years, which are unproductive of nectar, 
and create a deficiency in stores, an early oppor¬ 
tunity should be taken before autumn is much 
advanced, of giving whatever food is required. 
We attacli much importance to early feeding. 
It is not only conducive, hut it, is essential to tho 
welfare of stocks. We can testify from experi¬ 
ence that tho injudicious practice of untimoly 
waking up of hives and giving them food on the 
ove of winter is, equally with neglect to shield 
them effectually against cold and rain, tho 
occasion of many prevent ible evils and ailments. 
When an apiary is reduced to an unhealthy 
condition, w e are apt to ascribe it, to the presence 
of disease. But Borne maladies that afilict bees, 
though called by tho name, aro not, properly 
speaking, diseases at all. They may, wo admit, 
be tho effects of natural causes which we cannot 
control, but very often they arc artificial products, 
the consequences of improper treatment and 
faulty management. One of these maladies, 
which we believe to he frequently induced by 
the bee-master's own doings, is tho complaint 
called dysentery that concomitant of moisture 
in hives, and woll-lwown post of experimentalists. 
It prevails between late autumn and early spring, 
and its presence may he detected by dark-colored 
drops of liquid on tho floor-board and at the en¬ 
trance of a stock. These drops arc the fa»cos of 
bees, which they have been unable to retain 
until they could discharge them outsido. In 
virulent attacks of dysentery combs as well as 
floor-board get soiled, and emit an offensive odor. 
Dead and dying bees, with bodies greatly swollen, 
lie scattered about or in heaps, while those that 
survive, and form a cluster, are languid and 
hardly able to fly. 
The entire community, if relief is not obtained, 
very soon perishes. With this fatal ailment 
some of tho oldest writers on bees appear to 
have been acquainted. Columella calls it a 
“ purging which soizeB hoes annually in spring,” 
and attributes it to their feeding on honey 
gathered from elms and spurge blossoms. More 
modern authorities impute it to their eating 
wax, candied honey, or to inability to get propolis. 
Wo think, however, that these and other causes 
alleged are more fancies, and have very little to 
do with tho production of dysentery. For i f wo 
examine a bee suffering from the complaint, wo 
find its intestines aro overloaded, aud that as 
soon as tho contents aro parted with, tho com¬ 
plaint is at an end. In every case that has come 
under our observation dysentery has been created 
by a too long retention of fioces from enforced 
confinement. Beesinahealtby and comfortablo 
condition, if they have an opportunity of leaving 
their dwelling, never void their excrements 
within it. It is only when they are unable to go 
out, and are overcome by an irresistible impulse, 
that they do so. In the efforts made to keep 
their homo sweet aud pure many become ex¬ 
hausted and die. 
Now the immediate cause of bees getting their 
systems overcharged is their eating of food im¬ 
mediately before or during a period of inclement 
weather, which compels them to stay within 
doors, and when their stomachs should be almost 
empty to enable thorn to meet a lengthened im¬ 
prisonment. 
If, therefore, by unseasonable proceedings to 
which reference has been made, we alter and 
destroy that peculiar state which is essential to 
wintering well, and into which colonics left un¬ 
disturbed instinctively put themselves, we just 
do what is calculated to end iu disaster. 
The proper course for an apiarian at the ap¬ 
proach of winter is to “let his bees alone,” and 
guard them against the operation of influences 
which iucite them to go to them cupboards. 
Extreme cold, a damp chilly atmosphere, and 
sudden changes of temperature, have all a ten¬ 
dency to make them eat more than is proper in 
their peculiar circumstances. But these evils 
from climate may in a great measure be couuter- 
from a main one. From each street is a straight 
walk to the front door. These two walks are in 
the very best positions to accommodate the 
church goers, aud though tbero are no curved 
lines everything about them is appropriate and 
theroforo beautiful. After all, Nature is the 
best designer for walks luid paths. A country 
“ house,” with tho gate for the foot entrance 
from tho street in the most convenient place for 
facilitating ingress and egress to the houso, and 
the walks or paths to the front and back doort 
and from tho house to the ham and other out¬ 
buildings unstudied but just where the walkers 
naturally make their tracks, are always l ight aud 
the walks are beautifully arranged whether in 
curved or straight lines and they will generally 
partake of both forms. 
Tho arrangement of ornamental trees is often 
snob ns to fail entirely of producing the pleasing 
effect for which they are designed. They are 
almost always loo many for the space they 
occupy and too close to the buildings. To avoid 
ABBAHGEMENT OF GBOUNDS, 
It is an axiom admitted by high authority 
that curved lines aro more beautiful than 
straight or angular ones. The same high 
authority, however, admits that beauty consists 
iu the perfect adaptation of tho object to its 
purpose. These two principles cannot in reason 
be disputed hut they are often confounded, and 
in the laying out of private and public grounds 
curved walks are made where straight ones 
