of the pure South Down, will surpass in flavor 
any other mutton in the world ; yet the Oxford 
Down will only he ono degree behind, and the 
weight of carcass and fleece will be nearly double. 
The Downs were formerly the most prolific of 
t le English breeds, and decidedly the best moth¬ 
ers and tho hardiest of all varieties; but some 
of the larger. long-wooled sheep, have been 
brought, like tho short-horn cattle, to such earls- 
maturity, that the advantages of quick returns 
the same as in mercantile pursuits, have had 
great influence iu the general increase of Iong- 
wools. b 
dfcittomolonical 
the heads form, it is not difficult to keep off tho 
worms by sprinkling the plants with ashes, lime, 
salt, ammonia in svater, or even by picking the 
e broods, or those 
is, are exceedingly 
and fruit at all seasons of the year ; 
test part of 
ors are in 
ripe, is of a boautl- 
As tho plant cannot boar tho 
1 snn, it is shaded by 
as Bananas, or, more fre¬ 
er Coral lina, called by tho 
-aoiio, a tree with superb 
arc taken from tho pod 
covered with a layer of 
boughs. Tho little yellow flow 
< lusters, and tho fruit, when 
fill orange color. / ‘ 
intense heat of a tropical 
rowR of loftier treer i 
fluently, the Krvthrina 
Spaniards Mad l e do C 
red blossoms. 'I'he nuts 
as soon as collected, and 
S; a n hi8 CaUKe “ a ^mentation, which dc- 
no!« of T a, '°T a T 1 ,:ikc * off tbo “^ural bitter- 
ctrv in t. Th ° y are 11,0,1 out to 
nL ^ - v ! ,lgyi i ,J,II ' ing ,u)Ufio - TliiH 
wZri r span-roof, fixed with 
ir ° U laid along a stout 
attacking tho headin 
troublesome. 
A PARASITIC ENEMY. 
As we have said, this formidable cabbage post 
iad, m its native country, a parasitic enemy.which 
I from time immemorial has kept it iu check, or, 
a east, pi evented it from becoming no numer¬ 
ous as to seriously interfere with cabbages and 
closely-allied plants; but this parasite was left 
, 1,1,1 at. first, giving tho cabbage-worm a clear 
mid in winch to work, without any formidable 
enemy. But in some manner unknown tho par¬ 
asite followed tho Pterin rapm across the Atlan- 
tm. and finding hero an extensive field, well- 
stocked with its natural food, it was also enabled 
to multiply with equal rapidity, following its 
victims with such pertinacity that, at this time, 
the cabbage butterflies have almost disappeared 
from the region of country where they wore 
most abundant during tho flrst half-dozen years 
after them importation. The parasite Is still fol¬ 
lowing on the track of this cabbage pest, and 
(Viii go Wherever it goes; consequently, the cul¬ 
tivators of cabbages may safely count upon its 
tssistaace, sooner or later, iu destroying, or. at 
J.HE cabbage has always had its insect ene¬ 
mies but, happily for our farmers and gardeners, 
they have not been sufficiently numerous in 
Amenoa to do any considerable damage until 
within the past ten years. Several native species 
o >Ur,n, lectlcs and butterflies have occasionally 
viaJted the cabbage patch, but their natural par¬ 
asitic or other enemies kept thorn in chock. Not 
so, however, with soma of Mm , 
DISEASES IN POULTRY, 
Can you state the disease, its cause 
of hens winch lose their wings; then 
their legs become weak, and they aru 
able to stand, but continue to eat well? 
had four or five which have been affeete 
way, and killed them all.—Qpunisi. 
Unless we are told what other 
company the weakness, it, is 
accurately the cause, 
weakness often 
symptoms ac- 
impossiblo to state 
(, or prescribe for it. Such 
. , proceeds from corosnmption, and 
m that case the birds fait BlowJy. It is also 
caused by weak bowels, and in that case it ,s 
known by other symptoms. If the fowls are 
taken very suddenly, paralysis is probably the 
cause; in which case, your remedy is the‘best 
one and also in consumption, which is detected 
y mir gradual loss of flesh and strength, with¬ 
out any other symptom of disease. If the dis¬ 
ease is caused by weak bowels alone, give tho 
birds bread soaked in ale, and fresh moat, once a 
tlay, with wheat and other grain. 
th ' V ' r ' r T> th(J '''iter in the Poultry Department of 
he Brmxr phase tell „« what ails our fiddles » 
VVe have kept poultry the past two years and 
l i !,llotM ,0 *° use of their h<'s’ and 
usually die; but, sometimes they recover Urn 
iS isfifu " nUI ■» 
which appear to havo come alone, leaving thei 
foo« bohind ta. This war, the case' with th! 
firt.ateat pest „f the cal,bag,. wb„,h v , ‘ 
our Northern States; w. refer to m,Z™n 
mon White Cabbage Butterfly (Pirns mpee.) h 
Eniopo it is called the Rape Butterfly, because il 
infests the rape plant as well as tho cabbage. 
This groat pest first, appeared on our shores 
near Montreal, Canada, the chrysalids probably 
having been brought over attached to the inner 
side of some old dry-goods box, or m some suni- 
! ll8 Pfinci|>al natural enemy, which 
bad kept, it m check at home for hundreds and 
perhaps ll.ousandsof years, was loft behind in 
ts journey across tho Atlantic. Consequently 
>vhen those butterflies which burst their ohrysal 
n thoTieldf 1,1,1 r ° ,in<1 n ° ^’rmidable enemy 
-itip-icatlon 
° .- nauiu oi rnronuuux pupil- 
, 7 m - '! W fe,mU o«. with the aid of a sharp in¬ 
strument, called an ovipositor, puncture the skin 
of the caterpillar, depositing at. egg just under¬ 
neath. .Sometimes twenty or moro eggs will be 
laid upon one caterpillar; bat with all these 
vouru s i continues to live and feed away upon 
io cabbage-leaves, as though nothing had hap¬ 
pened to it. The eggs Urns laid by tho fly sum. 
batch into minute grubs, when they begin to 
feed upon tho fatty substance of the caterpillar ; 
"it they seem to take particular earn to avoid 
penetrating its vitals ; for. should they do this 
it would cause the death of their host promatme- 
,v. Vhou tho caterpillars reach maturity, they 
crawl away to some convenient fence, buildim- 
or tree, amt fastening themselves with a hit of 
stile at. tho posterior extremity and a light band 
around tho middle, they change to chrysalides 
casing oil the larval skin. Now, thus far thoir 
internal enemies, in the form of the minute 
grios, do not seem to havo interfered with any 
of their natural functions; but tho grubs have 
yet to pass through their metamorphoses within 
the chrysalis, and before these are ended Urn 
contents will bo all consumed. Tho grubs of the 
parasitic fly after eating up the contents of the 
chrysalis, themselves become chrysalides, or, as 
more generally termed, pupro, remaining safety 
••c osed in the caterpillar chrysalides until tho : 
1 o.l lowing spring, when they emerge as flies to I 
E P I!M -t-piUar I 
1 ,,roa king open an infected chrysalis of this 
Hpec.es of Cabbage butterfly i„ winter, it will 
usually 1 j ci found well filled with the pnrpio of 
I ie little Pteromalus; and whenever those are 
discovered in one instance, it is a safe plan to 
eave all the other pests undisturbed, f 0r tho 
Under may rest assured that his friends have 
arrived, and only need to ho let alone in order to 
take care of the pestiferous imported cabbago 
caterpillar. 
We have a native species of cabbage butterfly 
which is sometimes quite destructive in certain 
localities ; but of this we will have something to 
say next week. ° 
FOWL THIEVES, 
wi-steaiing is oue of themean- 
met by heavier penalties than 
-j. it may appear petty 
from it; hut to 
.... - —-'.money, 
in bringing birds to a high state of 
. is not so Bmali a matter, on awak- 
-’ necks wrung. 
pulled off and left 
To say nothing of the morta¬ 
ls too heavy to be considered 
yen common fowls should be better 
/now are. This could 
numerous poultry asso- 
i'l petitions to the legislature 
passage of more stringent laws ; and 
organize in districts to 
instead 
111080 tno law now inflicts 
theft to those who do not suffer 
those who spend so much time, patience 
and thought f-‘ ‘ ‘ 
perfection, it 
i»g some morning, to find their 
and sometimes their heads 
in the house, 
ficatiou, the loss 
trifliug. Ei- 
protected by law than they 
easily ho dono if all tho 
ciations would join 
urging the p.-_ 
also if people would 
catch such rascals who make the night 
of a time of repose, one of anxiety. 
Henry- Hales, 
netios. In the first place, the pure Cocoa is in¬ 
corporated with white sugar in what is called 
which the Cocoa and sugar are placed, and which 
revolves aU great speed, while two heavy sta¬ 
tionary miters bruise the mass until it, becomes 
of about, the consistency of dough. From those 
nmlangeurs tho mixed substance is at ouco 
passed througfi machines with three granite 
cylinders, which crush it still finer, and in this 
state it is ready for moulding into various shapes 
and sizes for sale. 
W o must not pass from this braueli of our sub¬ 
ject without a glance at tho manufacture of 
Chocolate Cremes ; but it would take some one 
moro practical than a philosopher to describe the 
mm"ti:e of this delicious bonne hfmvhe. When 
finished, they are transferred to an endless lift 
which carries them down into a collar to cool' 
and thon again they are carried by the same 
means to tho top of the building, whoro busy 
hands are placing them in boxes of all sizes. 
% a'jt# the 011 tho leaves 
0t tho ca bbAgos, produce, 
at very minute cator- 
pillars—or more properly 
larvae which grow quite 
• apidly, feeding the whilo 
Figdre x on loaves ; but when 
. , i’fily mature, they are an 
inch or more in length, as shown at a, Fig. fl 
1 heu-color is a pale green, hence they are'’fre¬ 
quently called “ green cabbage-worms.’’ 
These caterpillars, after reaching maturity 
crawl away for the purpose of finding a sate 
p ace to undergo thoir next change, or metamor¬ 
phosis into tho pupa or chrysalid stage—Fig. 2 
1 . If there is a fence, bam or other building 
within several rods of the cabbage patch, the 
caterpillars will seek it for pupating, and we have 
seen hundreds at a time fastening themselves to 
a board fence or the sides of a building for this 
purpose. 0 
Where these caterpillars are abundant they 
make sad work with the cabbago crop, for they 
»oro into the center of the head, where it is diffi- 
■Ull to roach them with any inseoticido; more¬ 
over, -t wilt not do to apply poisons to the plants, 
is this would render them unfit for food. 
While the cabbage plants are small, and beforo 
COCOA AND CHOCOLATE MANUFACTURE, 
b ew persons who have not sought special 
formation on the subject, have the least ide 
the amount of Cocoa and Chocolate there is i 
sumed, or of the process of manufacturing th 
From an exhaustive article in Hand and He 
of a recent date, we condense tho following 
count, and regret that tho crowded state of 
columns will not permit us to give the article 
tire home of the largest manufactories of tL 
articles are in Birmingham, England, and t 
havo boon greatly enlarged of late Fiji 
years ago only about thirty bauds wore employ 
I ho number now is from three hundred to f 
hundred. During this time, also, so many 
provements have been made in the arran 
meats and machinery, that each of the hai 
emp oyed now turns out, on an average, dou 
what they did thon. 
Prior to 1S31 tho quantity of Cocoa annua 
consumed m England had not reached hal 
million pounds, whereas it now amounts to 01 
nine millions. 
The Cocoa Tree is a native of tropical Ameri. 
but is now largely cultivated in other parts 
the world it 18 au evergreen, and grows to t 
bight of from fourteen to eighteen te«f 
FROSTED COMBS, 
