Ice Chamber 
Cooim 
Chamber 
furnishes half the stock and the proceeds of the 
farm are equally divided between landlord and 
tenant. In this plan the risk of stock is equally 
divided between the parties. The stock is put 
together and held in common without either 
party owning any particular unimal or animals, 
and where the lease expires or a division be¬ 
comes necessary, the herd is separated in two 
lots, as near alike as possible, and the division 
made. This plan is gaining in favor with many, 
as it insures more careful treatment of stock, 
while the expense in keeping the herd good 
leaves the parties with about the same net re¬ 
ceipts as when the other plan is adopted. Some 
tenants are of the opinion, however, that with 
careful management more money can be realized 
in taking farms in this way, at the halves, than 
by the plan first named, and the same opinion 
also prevails with landlords as to their own in¬ 
terests. 
The difference, if any, between the two 
methods is doubtless to be attributed to the 
better care and management of stock by the 
tenant on the latter plan, because he is more 
interested, as his capital is invested in the herds. 
-» ♦ »- 
COB BEDDING FOR CALVES. 
Mr. Trueman A. Core of BolBville, N.Y., who 
breeds Holderncss stock and raises a number of 
calves every year, recommends broken corn cobs 
as the best bedding for keeping the calves clean 
and dry during spring and until haying, when 
they are turned out. 'The cobs are spread quite 
thick over the lloor and the calves are turned in 
loose. The droppings are readily absorbed by 
the cobs, thus keeping the calves clean and dry 
and the bedding, after it has served its purpose in 
the stable, makes an excellent manure. 
Mr. Cole, after the first three weeks, feeds 
his calves on some skimmed milk with a sprink¬ 
ling of oil-meal to lick. He prefers to feed oil- 
meal in this way as other methods of using have 
not proved successful. Corn-cobs are not uu- 
frequently burned to get them out of the way, 
but if they can be utilized ou Mr. Cole's plan 
and then turned into manure, a considerable 
saving will bo made, to say nothing of the con¬ 
venience in keeping calves clean and dry, thus 
promoting their thrift and healthfulness. 
®|c Outran. 
MRS. COTTON’S STATEMENT. 
I bee a statement from Mrs. L. C. Cotton of 
West Gorham, Maine, in the Rural of April 28, 
stating that she had obtained “ as high as 380 
pounds of honey from one hive in a single 
season” etc., and that she uses a hive of her 
own invention. This is the woman who w r rote to 
the Bee-Keepers’ Magazine that she sold her 
honey from one hive, one season, for $133! In 
the April No. of said paper, I find the following 
editorial notice:—‘‘Over 380 pounds of Box 
Honey from one Hive in one Season 1” 
“Since the statement with the above beading 
appeared in onr February number, several per¬ 
sons have written us, questioning the reliability 
of the report, and giviug items of their dealings 
with its author not Battering to her integrity. 
We wrote Mrs. L. C. Cotton in reference to this 
matter, calling on her to vindicate her state¬ 
ment by furnishing ns the proofs, bnt so far we 
have heard nothing from her.” 
The way in which this woman makes it “ pay ’ 
to send such communications to the paper is, un¬ 
doubtedly, in the sale of her hives, which proba¬ 
bly are as mnch of a humbug as her honey story 
is. Here is a specimen of the way people are de¬ 
ceived, who keep, or desire to keep bees, aud 
who believe all they read in the papers about 
them. t. b. m. 
Linden, N. J. 
■ — -»»♦ — 
THE PROFITS ON HONEY BEES. 
There are many persons who are thinking of 
keeping bees, some for pleasure and profit, aud 
others for the profits only; and both parties are 
interested in knowing what the real profits are 
generally. This information is not easy to find, 
as there are so many statements which are not 
true made in the papers of alleged enormous 
profits by men engaged in selling hives, bees, 
etc. Then we have auother class of men who 
like to appear in print as having obtained from 
their bees an extraordinary quantity of bouey, 
and they make statements that appear to he 
wonderful, without giving the circnmstancos of 
the case. For instance, Mr. A. has 250 hives of 
bees, among which are 75 families of great 
Btrength in non-swarming hives, aud from those 
been (equal in population, in June, to 200 ordinary 
families) a very large quantity of honey, in a 
favorablo season, may be obtained. Then, in 
sending the statements to a paper for publica¬ 
tion, the writers say. “ I obtained - pounds 
of honey from 75 hives.” as tho number may bo, 
but they keep back the important fact that these 
hives are non-swarrners. and the best in an 
apiary of 250 families, or thereabouts. More¬ 
over, I think that, besides this deception, tho 
most of t hese men grossly exaggerate the quan¬ 
tity of honey produced, as they generally give it 
in round numbers as “ 5,000 pounds,” or “three 
tons," (thawing that they had not !;ept an accu¬ 
rate account of tho weight of it. Then, the num¬ 
ber of men in this country who would sooner 
tell a lie than the truth is so great (fifty roars’ 
business experience with men in various rural 
pursuit# gives me good grounds for what I say) 
raised or lowered at will, without altering their 
gathering qualities. No sudden or extra pull 
upon the horse is required to dump the Rake, 
bnt the draft diminishes the moment the dis¬ 
charge begins. The seat is adjustable to suit 
the bight of the driver. Whilo the general de¬ 
mand seems to bo for Self-Dumping Rakes, some 
still prefer those operated by hand, and the 
“Archer” is so constructed that it can be used 
as such, if desired. 
In addition to the foregoing points, it only re¬ 
THK ARCHER. RARE. 
that T put but very little faith in any of their 
alleged great products of honey, when thoy are 
beyond the ordinary products of bees. 
Wo also have a class of men in the “patent" 
hive business who have “ patented” some utterly 
worthless device pertaining to their hives (mov¬ 
able frames are not patented now) to enable 
thorn the better to deceivo the purchasers of 
them. The Bee-Keepers' Magazine, with a com¬ 
mendable change or policy, exposes a couple of 
these fellows, as follows: 
“ We are sorry to say that their great zeal in 
this causo lies in the fact that they arc in the 
patent hive business, and not that they have any 
love or desiro to advance the cause of bee-keep¬ 
ing. They figure the profits on one hundred 
colonies at the lowest est imate $1,000, and the 
highest $8,000! Now, every bee-kooper of o*rdi 
nary experience knows that $1,000, their lowest 
estimate, is a net average profit realized only by 
those far advanced in tho business, and not to 
be expected by tho beginner. N. -- is a 
fraud of the first water. For the past ten years 
he has figured profits for our bee-keepers that 
would satisfy any ordinary mortal, yet bo has 
never thought it necessary to go into that busi¬ 
ness himself. On tho contrary he has a great 
predilection for patent hives, lecturing, and lip- 
service in general. He turns up in a new place 
every year, always with tho philanthropic desire 
to make everybody rich, and always finding 
plenty of dupes to manipulate. Give him a wide 
berth." 
That is tho way to show up these swindlers. 
But very few men ever netted $1,000 on 100 
hives ; and when this is done, it is in non-sw arm¬ 
ing hives, or a large part of them are such. In¬ 
deed, $500 a year is as much as can ho made in a 
series of years, on an average, ou 100 families of 
bees, in a good locality, and with the best of 
management, when the bees are not in uou- 
awarming hives. 
A non-swarming hive is one made so hu ge that 
the bees have ample room to extend their labors, 
aud in which they are never crowded for space ; 
yet tho bees iu such Lives sometimes swarm. 
Linden, N, J. T, B. Miner. 
Industrial ftnplcmrnts, 
THE ARCHER RAKE. 
mains to be said that the “ Archer" is simple in 
construction and not liable to get out of order 
and does not require expensive repairs. It can be 
operated by any one capable of managing a horse. 
The material used is of the best, and fashioned 
to its respective uses by skilled labor. 
This brief summary, in addition to the illustra¬ 
tion which we give iu this issne, should enable 
our readers to gain a just Idea of the merits of 
a Rake that has taken the highest honors at fif¬ 
teen State Fairs, in addition to the Grand Medal 
aud Diploma of Merit at the Centennial. 
-♦-*_*- 
REFRIGERATING ROOMS. 
J. H. Dunham of Chicago, has recently put 
into one of his stores, at No. 131 South Water 
St., a system of refrigerating rooms according 
to the improvements of J. Tiffany. After a 
very critical examination of the different plans 
of refrigeration in use, he adopted the improve¬ 
ments of Mr. T. as being most in accordance 
with natural laws applicable to that subject. 
The first principle is to place the ice, as far as 
practical, over the rooms to bo cooled, and place 
as little obstruction as possible between the 
s]nice to be cooled and the ico, so that there 
may be a free circulation of air between the 
ceiling of the cooling-room and the lower por¬ 
tions of the air iu the ice-room. Tho ceiling of 
the cooling-room is either ico resting upon a 
rack, or plain iron upon which the ice rests, made 
thereby as cold as ice. Tho warmer air of tho 
cooling-room, with its moisture and other im¬ 
purities, rises to this ceiling, and deposits its 
moisture and other impurities by condensation 
upon the ice or iron, and, being thereby purified 
and deprived of its heat, falls back into the 
lower part ol' the room sweet and dry and cold. 
This process is somewhat facilitated by leaving 
openings into the ice-chamber about the sides 
of life room. Those openings operate in a two¬ 
fold manner: (1) to admit of the ascent into 
This Rake has been long and favorably known 
and is further improved for the season of 1877, 
thus bringing into notice Borne points that are 
worthy careful consideration. The discharge of 
a rake is, of course, one of the most essential 
features, and this the manufacturers, Messrs. 
Clegg, Wood A Co., Dayton, Ohio, have elabor¬ 
ated to a point that leaves nothing to be desired. 
The shafts are hinged on top of the axiu, whilo 
the pivoting points are the spindles at the lower 
rear corner, thus gaining the leverage of the dis¬ 
tance between these points over whieh the horse 
is pulling against the resistance of the load. 
There is. therefore, a constant tendency to tilt 
the axle and discharge the Rake without the in¬ 
tervention of complicated gearing, ratchets or 
springs, while the teeth can be held down with a 
very slight pressure aud are at all times under 
the control of the operator, and they can be 
the ico-chamber of a portion of the warmer air of 
the refrigerating room, and (2) to admit of the 
descent into the lower room of a quantity of iced 
air, the warm air ascending on the outside of the 
openings, aud the cold air descending on the side 
next the ice. 
Mr. Dunham has adopted both these methods 
of cooling his rooms underneath the ice-cham¬ 
ber. But he likewise seeks to cool other rooms 
in his store which are »t. some distance from the 
ice-chamber. To cool these rooms, artificial or 
mechanical means are employed to introduce into 
these lateral rooms the cold air taken from tho 
room immediately beneath the ice-chamber, 
which is made tho fountain of refrigeration to 
these distant rooms. The process is simply this: 
The air of the lateral rooms is removed by an 
‘‘exhaust apparatus ” applied at the ceiling of 
the room to be cooled, taking the warm air of 
the room out through the ceiling, tending to 
produce a vacuum in Hueh room. The place of 
the warm air which is thus removed is supplied 
by cold air from the refrigerating room (beneath 
the ice-chamber). This refrigerating room is 
likewise supplied with cold air coming into it 
through the ice-chamber, so that any amount of 
iced air may he taken from the room beneath 
the ico and yet that room will be made only the 
colder for it, as the air which supplies its place 
comes from immediate contact with the ice in 
the ice-chamber. 
This method of cooltng these distant rooms 
secures good ventilation in all tho rooms with¬ 
out largely drawing upon the ice. The air thus 
taken from these rooms may be returned to the 
ice-chambor if thought desirable ; but Mr. Tif¬ 
fany does not recommend it, because, by return¬ 
ing it to the ice-chamber, there is a tendency to 
an accumulation of filth in tho chamber, which 
is exceedingly detrimental to any use requiring 
cleanliness. 
Mr. Tiffany contemplates applying this im¬ 
provement in the construction of refrigerating 
rooms iu steamers for tho transportation of 
dressed meats to foreign countries. There is 
no doubt that the principle is a correct one, and, 
if properly applied, will he a success. 
-♦..*_*- 
A NEW BUTTER WORKER. 
This modest little implement has met and is 
meeting with a growing popularity. It is tho 
standard favorite among the farmers adjacent to 
Philadelphia, aud its merits are admitted when¬ 
ever tried. 
The machine is simple, convenient and durable. 
It is made of well-seasoned wood, the iron work 
is galvanized as a guard against rust, aud in ex¬ 
pert hands it will work a batch of butter within the 
space of five minutes. Its working is quite sim¬ 
ple. The roller is run over the cogs to one end 
of the tray, the butter placed in a heap in front 
and close np to it, the roller is passed over the 
butter a few times, the slatted paddle quickly 
pressing out the bntter-milk. The product is 
salted and the operation repeated at the j ndg- 
ment of the operator until the mass is thoroughly 
worked, when by removing the roller you have a 
nice clean tray to weigh and print your butter. 
Tho illustration giveu is so clear that the opera¬ 
tion of the implement explains itself. The mo¬ 
tion of the paddle is verticle so that the grain of 
the butter is not likely to he injured, and a greasy 
product is avoided. Tho machines are made in 
various sizes, and prices circulars, Ac., may be 
had by addressing the inventor and manufac¬ 
turer, A. II. Rf.td, Philadelphia, l’a. 
--- 
A NEW BUTTER TUB AND COOLER. 
Mr. J. G. Koehler of Philadelphia has per¬ 
fected a butter tub that is peculiarly adapted for 
the preservation of butter iu the summer. The 
device is a strong, oval, white cedar tub, strongly 
ironed with galvanized hoops. The interior is 
fitted with movable shelves that rest on ledges, 
on which the roll or print butter is placed. At 
the ends of the tub is a tin cooler, which is filled 
with ice, causing a sufficiently low temperature 
to put the product into distant markets iD prime 
condition. If It is desired, the shelves can be 
entirely removed and the space packed with roll 
butter, or, again, the whole internal fittings may 
he taken out. leaving a strong tub to be used as 
they are used ordinarily. 
We have not seen a more convenient aud prac¬ 
tical package for some time. It is fitted in good 
style, furnished with a lock, and is sold at a 
moderate figure. Particulars may be gleaned 
from the advertisement appearing in this issue. 
--- 
THE MASSILLON HARVESTER. 
This Harvester presents some Btrong points 
that should appeal directly to those interested in 
this class of agricultural implements. It has all 
the prestige of age, and its manufacturer, Mr. 
Edwin Bayltss, Massillon, Ohio, devotes to it 
his extended practical experience as a maker of 
high class machines. Its conveniences as re¬ 
gards the operators are worthy attention. The 
binders have a firm and secure position. They 
are also enabled to stand or sit at pleasure. The 
implement has been improved from time to time, 
