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THE BOOKWALTER ENGINE. 
It has come to be the fashion to raise a great 
cry of commiseration anent the unemployed, 
and to do a great amount of mental arithmetic 
about the labor running to waste, yet the makers 
of labor-saving machinery go right on devising 
and patenting new processes, that arc manifestly 
removing the chances of employment still fur¬ 
ther from the sons of toil, and people buy them. 
There must be a reason for this state of affairs, 
and the thinker does not have to go far to find 
it. If a man buys a steam-engine, for instance, 
lie can absolutely rely on securing a power that 
is equable, cheap and trustworthy; that is always 
whore it can be found, does not get sick, and is 
not a member of a trade-union. That means 
much to the manufacturer. 
Of late years factories and creameries have 
largely availed thcnmolves of steam-power, and 
this example is being followed by those who 
begin to feel the effect of the competition which 
is forced upon the more conservative. The fac¬ 
tory run by steam-power being enabled to turn 
out a superior product at a reduced coBt, the 
Bourbons are compelled to follow suit or starve. 
In tbe South, mule-power is fast receding before 
steam as a propulsion for cotton-gins, permitting 
owners to devote the mules to occupations that 
are better calculated to their abilities—and any¬ 
one who has stood behind the animal will ac¬ 
knowledge that ho has ability. 
Engines are now, in most cases, bo simply con¬ 
structed that almost any graduate from the school 
of common sense can manage one. What with 
governors, fusible plugs and “ blow-offs,” an 
engine may almost be said to run itself. Thus 
one drawback to their use is done away with. 
We call attention, this week, to a very Bimple, 
compact motor, made by J as. Leffel & Co., 
Springfield, Ohio. The want of a small Portable 
Engine and Boiler, so constructed as to be fur¬ 
nished at a price within the reach of every one, 
has long been felt. 
This firm has been able, by means of special 
machinery, a thorough system of manufacture, 
confining themselves to only a few sizes, and de¬ 
voting their attention solely to the working parts, 
to produce the Bookwalter Engine—an engine 
which for effectiveness, simplicity, durability 
and cheapness, lias few peers. 
Eor processes requiring light power, such as 
wood sawing, running cotton gins, plantation 
oorn mills or cheese factories, il large variety of 
farm work, and in fact all light manufacturing 
purposes, this is expressly adapted, both in con¬ 
struction and oost. 
The boiler is an upright tubular, economical 
in tbe use of fuel, of great safety in operation; 
and is especially constructed so as to remove thu 
great difficulties heretofore encountered in the 
use of upright boilers, arising from the burning 
out of tubes, and their leaking at the point of 
insertion at the crown sheet. This defect is 
wholly obviated, the boiler being as durable, and 
as free from leakage at this point as any other 
part. 
The engine, bod-plate, pump, governor, 
etc., are constructed and attached to the 
boiler in the most simple and firm manner, 
so that the heat from the boiler does not. 
by expansion, change the relation of tbe 
working partH to each other. 
All working parts, including also graieB, 
bed-plate, door and bonnet to boiler, are 
made in duplicate, so that, in case of break¬ 
age. the owner can get a new part and re¬ 
place it without having to go to a machine 
shop with the engine. 
Every boiler and engine is tested to hy¬ 
draulic pressure to twice the working pres¬ 
sure, and also steamed up aud run, before 
leaving the works, to insure its perfect 
working ia the hands of the purchaser. 
The boiler and engine leave the works 
complete, just as represented in the cut; 
and the price includes boiler, engine, force- 
pump, steam gauge, grate bars, gauge 
cooks, safety valve, governor, blow-off •— 
cocks, etc., etc. 
Thaaillustration gives a good idea of its 
construction and its convenient, portable 
form. Messrs. Leffel & Co. are the well- 
known makers of the Leffel Turbine Wheel, 
and the name is a guarantee for the most 
thorough workmanship. Prices, dimen¬ 
sions, etc., will be furnished by them, and 
they have agencies in various parts of the 
country, which makes it convenient for 
intending purchasers to thoroughly examine the 
engine. _ ^ ^_ 
FARM ENGINES FOR PROFIT. 
Portable engines have come into such gene¬ 
ral use in many localities, that to very many, any 
declaration of their great advantages would Beem 
unnecessary; since, however, they may be less 
familiarly known than they should be, we will 
take a little space to narrate some of their many 
points of advantage over horse-powers. For 
threshermen, engines are rapidly superseding 
the ordinary horBe-power. 
It has been demonstrated that a good portable 
engine is more trustworthy than horse-power, 
and will do a third more work in the same time 
is constructed in such a manner that embers can¬ 
not reach the ground. During their long expe¬ 
rience there is not an instance on record in which 
a fire lias resulted from tbe use of tins engine. 
It is interesting to note, in this connection, 
that Russell & Co. were the first firm in this 
country to make a successful threshing machine, 
and they have continued steadily in the business, 
THE 
and cost much less to keep up than the horses 
ordinarily used to operate a thresher. In fact, 
it is usual now for the Bteam-thresher to get the 
cream of the work, and when not used lor this 
particular purpose, the engine can be employed, 
with profit in sawing wood, shelling corn, grind¬ 
ing feed, pumping water, &c. 
Russell & Co., Massillon, 0., make a port¬ 
able engine that combines symmetry and neat¬ 
ness, strength and durability. They are easily 
managed by persons of small experience, and 
are economical in the use of fuel. 
Security to lifo and property is made the all- 
important feature in their construction. Iu ad¬ 
dition to the ordinary precautions of steam and 
water gaugos of most approved patterns, they 
insert in the boilers a safety-plug, so placed that 
should the water become dangerously low from 
any cause, the ping will mcll and the escaping 
steam immediately extinguish the fire. Explo¬ 
sions result from over-pressure. This may come 
suddenly, from low water, or gradually, from in¬ 
attention or neglect. The safety-plug is security 
against danger from the former, while the new 
patent safety-valvo which they have adopted, 
will prevent the latter. No matter if the steam- 
gauge has bocomo unreliable from auy cause, no 
pressure can bo reached beyond that at which 
the valve is set. The lock-up device prevents 
unauthorized persons from tampering with it. 
BOOKWALTER ENGINE. 
an the horses until their works have grown to be among the 
islier. In fact, largest devoted to this branch of farm maohin- 
isher to get the cry. They are conservatively progressive, only 
used for this adopting from time to time such improvements 
1 be employed, as have proved their fitness by the moBt seiirch- 
ug corn, grind- iog practical field tests, which helps to explain 
their reasons for advocating their admirable 
make a port- steamer, in connection with the thresher, 
etry and neat- Their constantly increasing business has com- 
L’hey are easily polled the establishment of branch offices, so 
ixperience, and that any of our readers in various sections, who 
wish to gain a dearer knowledge of this firm, 
made the all- can easily do so by applying at the branch offices 
uetion. Iu ad- in Indianapolis, Iud., Dallas, Texas, or to the 
s of steam and home office, Massillon, Ohio, where they may bo 
patterns, they sure of receiving courteous treatment and full 
, so placed that details of the engines, threshers, horse-powers 
>n sly low from and clover hullers made by the firm. 
A SCANDAL IN CONNECTION WITH THE 
D. S. CENTENNIAL COMMISSION. 
Theke is a remarkable delay in the delivery 
of the Diplomas and Medals to the exhibitors to 
whom they w'ere awarded by the late Interna¬ 
tional Exhibition. The mere delay w T ould not be 
KUSSELL 
CO.’S PORTABLE ITAvILM ENGINE. 
These valves can be set at any pressure desired. 
All boilers are tested with a pressure of one hun¬ 
dred and sixty pounds cold water—a more severe 
test than a greater steam pressure. 
The firm make an eight, ten and fourteen 
horse-power, portable, also semi-portable and 
stationary engines. 
They also use a spark arrester that removes 
all danger of firing the straw, while the fire-box 
remarkable, were it not connected with suspicious 
circumstances. The first notice from the Com¬ 
missioners. dated Nov. 27, 1776, was to inquire 
if the address was correct. Next came the notice 
of award, signed by the Judges and dated Feb. 
20, 1877, leaving one to suppose that the Medal 
and Diploma were soon to follow. 
Instead of these, however, a communication 
dated Feb. 1, 1877, was received from Gen. C. B. 
Norton, who styles himself, “ Late Secretary, 
Bureau of Revenue, Centennial Board of Fi¬ 
nance.’’ In this he says that, “ to save damage 
that might occur by mail," and sIbo “to secure 
the prompt delivery of Diplomas by immediate 
application for the same,” it would be necessary 
to send him 85, for which the Diploma would be 
carefully shipped in ancat and appropriate frame 
(note the " prompt delivery by immediate appli¬ 
cation). A similar circular arrived in the latter 
part of May with the same inducement of prompt 
delivery, and the further information that “ the 
Commission have not decided to assume any ex¬ 
pense connected with the delivery of Diplomas” 
—this last sentence being all underlined. It was 
further promised that upon the receipt of one 
dollar, the Diploma would be sent promptly, 
carefully packed, etc. An offer was also gener¬ 
ously made to forw'ard a photograph copy for 
the t rifling sum of ten dollars. On the same cir¬ 
cular there is a printed order for the awards on 
the Hon. A. T. Goshorn, (Director-General U. 
S. International Exhibition), and references, 
Jas. R. Hawley-, President U. S. International 
Exhibition, and Hon. Wm. Bigler, Centennial 
Board of Finance. 
Now, dear Ritual, does this mean to put the 
Centennial officials in tbe position of withhold¬ 
ing the Diplomas and Medals, until their prompt 
delivery shall be bought, after they have been 
fairly won ? If it is denied that they are held 
back, does this Gen. Norton put himself on a 
level with tbe bogus, gift-enterprise agents, who 
say, “Send on your *5 for the prize you have 
won ?" If he has not got them or cannot get 
them, how can he send them promptly on re¬ 
ceipt, etc., as per circular? If he meant when 
he could get them, is hit circular hornet in stat¬ 
ing that he wcnM send promptly , on receipt of 
$5, what he did not possess ? If there was any 
reservation, would it be iu accordance with the 
circulars? If a man offers to send a load of hay 
on receipt of $5, could he claim that ho meant 
you must “ wait until he grows it ?” or “ until he 
gets it ?” or “ until it is given him by the man 
who owns it 
Does Gen. Norton mean to say, “ You have 
won a prize, and if you wish to secure it prompt¬ 
ly, send me 85 or 61, iu this printed envelope I 
forward to you and which is addressed to myself 
as the late Secretary, Bureau of Revenue, Cen¬ 
tennial Board of Finance ?" Is not Gen. Norton 
officially dead, and is not the use of his name, as 
late Secretary, made to bolster up the doubtful 
enterprise Yvhieh, without that support, would 
fall harmless to the ground ? 
Is the Centennial Commission responsible for 
the fact which thiB General publishes, viz., that 
to secure the prompt delivery of Diplomas, $5 
must be sent to him, the late Secretary, by and 
with the indorsement (as references) not of the 
late President of Centennial Commission, but of 
Jas. R. Hawley, late U. S. Ceil. Corn., and Hon. 
Mr. Bigler, Centennial Board of Finance. What 
arc references but indorsers of this proposition 
in order to bleed exhibitors by forcing them to 
pay 81 ar 85, or clso wait indefinitely with the 
assurance before them, in circular No. 1, that 
the commission had not decided to assume any 
expense connected with delivery of Diplomas. 
Has Norton, late Secretary, (indorsed officially 
by Haw-ley, President, and Bigler, Board 
of Finance.) made arrangements for box¬ 
ing aud promptly shipping Diplomas, etc. 
If so, with whom ? 
Is it possible to get a Modal or Diploma, 
although fairly won, without being com¬ 
pelled to subscribe to the funds of Norton, 
Haw ley, Bigler A Co. ? By answering 
these questions you will confer a great 
favor, doubtless, on many of your sub¬ 
scribers, and certainly on Juktiti a. 
We should like to return to our corres¬ 
pondent’s questions a candid answer which 
would maintain a show of respect for those 
officials of the late Great Show who have 
connected themselves either directly or in¬ 
directly with the enterprise referred to in- 
the above letter. Candor and a semblance 
ggr of respect, however, seem here incom- 
- -y-. patable, especially after a perusal of the 
circulars received by Jcstitia, aud which 
y he has forwarded to ua with his manuscript. 
.. On reading these, the conclusion would be 
• • inevitable that they had beeu recklessly 
modelled on the pattern of the broad-sheets 
distributed through the country by tbe con¬ 
ductors of swindling lottery schemes, were 
it not for the thought that similarity of 
purpose is very apt unconsciously to em¬ 
body itself in similarity of style. If the 
awards madeby the judges of the Exhibition 
are ready to be handed to this general agent 
on his application for them, surely they are ready 
to be forwarded directly to those who have won 
them, and who incurred considerable expense and 
labor to compete for them. Without the exhibits 
of these men and their fellows, the Show would 
have been without either usefulness or at¬ 
traction, and it is at once mean and con¬ 
temptible to delay unnecessarily the distri¬ 
bution of the only rewards bestowed on 
