404 
ZXa 
would be best to make the new plantation imme¬ 
diately, taking up and setting the plants as above 
stated; yet it will do very well to wait till next 
spring, the only difference being that you get no 
fruit worth naming from the spring setting, and 
you will not get much from sotting the plants at 
this season of the year, unless you lift them 
without disturbing their roots much. 
THE SEXES Of HANTS. 
Thirty or forty years ago, it was not known 
that there were male (staminate) and female 
(pistilate) strawberry plants. This was first dis¬ 
covered by a gardener near Cincinnati, Ohio. 
In buying new varieties, it is well to know the 
sex ; yet nearly all the popular sorts are stiuniu- 
ates, or self-fructifying. If, however, you hap¬ 
pen to get a pistiiate variety, some strong atam- 
inates must be grown near it, or the berrieB will 
be imperfect, aod the crop small. 
Linden, N. J. T. B. Miner. 
RECENT ARRIVALS IN THE STRAWBERRY 
GARDEN. 
A Year ago it seemed to many as if the climax 
had at last been reached as they saw some of the 
immense strawberries that wore then introduc¬ 
ed for the first time; but the splendid berries, 
that this year has produced, have led many to 
feel that the honors should be pretty equally di¬ 
vided between some of the new-comers and the 
heroes of other days. The custom has now be¬ 
come quite prevalent of making plantations of 
strawberries at this time of the year; and it has 
now become so general that a good proportion of 
the prizes received at exhibitions, are won by 
berries that have been grown upon plants set 
out the previous autumn. A short description 
of some of the most prominent of the newer va¬ 
rieties of strawberries, if given at this time, 
will perhaps prove of interest and be well appre¬ 
ciated. 
Centennial Favorite or New No. 14—Rarely 
do we meet with a berry that so fully combines 
the qualities to bo desired as does this. The at¬ 
tention of connoisseurs as well as of others, is 
instantly arrested as they Bee for the first time, 
these beautiful, large, bright berries. Their great 
size—from 0 to 7 inches—regular round form, 
and unusually bright color, place thorn in the 
foremost rank, and they will bo cordially wel¬ 
comed by all who are interested in the trial and 
cultivation of new varieties of strawberries. 
Pkesioknt Lincoln —Of all the varieties or 
new kinds of straw berries introduced this year, 
none perhaps is better qu&liliod to take the 
name of this revered chieftain than is this splen¬ 
did strawberry that now possesses it- Those who 
have never seen Buch immense berries, will, per¬ 
haps feel inclined to doubt the possibility of 
growing them so large; but the hundreds of 
berries, from 7 to 0 inches in circumference, 
that the plants produced this year, were suffi¬ 
cient to satisfy even the most incredulous. The 
flavor of the fruit is capable of satisfying the 
moat fastidious ; while the hardiuess and vigor 
of the plants will justify all in making a trial of 
thorn. 
Great American —The worthy possessors of 
this name have again proved this season by their 
Bcores of berries 7, 8, and even over 0 inches in 
circumference, that they are fully entitled to 
the words of praise that 1 have frequently given 
them. 
Pkouty's SEEDLING— Those who have seen 
these berries growing in perfection, will proba¬ 
bly long remember their unusual form as well as 
their bright glossy appearance. For market 
purposes they are said to be especially desirablo. 
Cumberland Triumph, Captain Jack, Sterling 
and Monarch of the West are all well worthy of 
further mention but must be deferred to some 
other time. Pioneer, Susquehanna, Rapidan, 
and Potomac would probably all be pleased to 
have their good qualities recounted, but they 
also must patiently await their turn. 
If proper attention is paid to the preparation 
of the ground previous to planting, and good re¬ 
liable kindaof strawberries selected ; then there 
is no good reason why nearly every one having 
a garden may nor rejoice in growing these im¬ 
mense berrieB at their very doors. Even those a 
thousand miles away may obtain the plants 
safely through the mails, and may rejoice over 
the same feasts that we so fully enjoy. Each 
year reveals that nature’s gifts are becoming 
better appreciated, and more generally appropri¬ 
ated as they become better known throughout 
our laud, and these giant strawberries will prove 
no exception. IL H. Haines. 
Malden-on-the-H udson. 
- » ♦ »- 
AMONG THE BERRIEB. 
Having heard the Duncan Straw-berry spoken 
of very highly by several persons, on the 14th of 
June I visited the farm of Williams Bros., Mont¬ 
clair, New Jersey, who make a specialty of prop¬ 
agating it, and who thoroughly understand all its 
good qualities. 
Moutclair is one of the most beautiful towns 
in the State. The surface of the county is roll¬ 
ing, the Bconery is tine, and almost every elevated 
point is ornamented with a beautiful residence. 
The gontlemen named are among the fortunate 
ones in possessing and occupying one of thc-Be 
choice spots with a large and beautiful residence. 
From its cupola yon can see all over the country, 
also the piers of the Brooklyn Bridge, and many 
of the prominent buildings in the city of New 
York. Their soil is a dark loam well underlaid 
with stones, and in good condition. The foliage 
of the Duncan was of a medium bight, of a dark 
green color, abundant and healthy; fruit stems 
strong, producing a prolific crop of fruit. The 
berries were above the medium size, of a light 
crimson color, firm, with a very pleasant flavor. 
Messrs. Williams said it was more prolific than the 
Wilson, and not so sour, and 1 believe it may bo 
classed among our best marketing varieties. 
They have also a new seedling raspberry of 
promise. It is a chanoo seedling that they have 
cultivated for three years ; it has proven to be 
hardy and prolific. Its foliage resembles that of 
the Philadelphia, and the berry will average in 
size larger than the Antwerp. It is of a deep 
crimson color, very firm. Wishing to obtain the 
opinion of experts as to the flavor, I gave some of 
them to several fruit dealers who unhesitatingly 
pronounced them the best flavored variety they 
had met with. Now, if this variety shall even¬ 
tually prove to be as hardy as others, and 
equally firm, it must be a valuable acquisition to 
the list of small fruits. 
Those gentlemen have several other varieties 
of new berries that they were cultivating, but as 
they are well known to the public, I forbear 
speaking of them. C. W. Idell. 
--♦♦♦- 
RASPBERRIES. 
REMARKS ON SOME NEW AND RECENTLY INTRODUCED 
VARIETIES. 
It should be borne in mind that Raspberries 
like most small fruits, vary widely in character, 
productiveness and growth in different soils and 
localities. For instance, the Hudson River Ant¬ 
werp, which is conceded to be the finest of 
Raspberries where it will succeed, will produce a 
crop only in a small district on the west bank of 
the Hudson—being valueless even on the oppo¬ 
site side of the river. The same may lie almost 
said of the Delaware, which, although exceeding 
fine in the vicinity of its origin, is only ordinary 
at Itumson, N. J. 
All the following Raspberries, with the excep¬ 
tion of New Rochelle, which I saw at Mr. T. S. 
Force’s place, Newburgh, N. Y., were grown 
on a piece of fine, sandy, loam land—not at all 
light or yet inclined to clay, excellent Raspberry 
land and what would lie considered just right for 
a garden. The Hlopo was gradual and to the 
East with a full Northern exposure. 
Turner .—Medium to small, bright, red berry, 
with a rich, exceedingly sweet flavor, resembling 
that of honey ; moderate crop, but too soft for 
shipment.. Strong growth of oane, entirely 
hardy, but suckers very badly. Valuable for 
home use on account of flavor and hardiness, 
hut should have the suckers kept down. This 
and Southern ThoralesB so closely resemble each 
other that I consider them identical. 
Miller's Daily .—A fine, Black Cap, nearly or 
quite as large as Mammoth Cluster and ripening 
with Davidson's Thornless. Flavor tart and not 
first-class, but a strong vigorous grower and im¬ 
mensely productive. Ripens the entire crop 
within a few days. Second crop now ripening 
(July 21st). Promises to be of great value as an 
early market variety. 
Amazon .—Has proved beyond a doubt to be 
the same as Belle de Fontenay. When allowed 
to sucker it produces so many that only a small 
crop of imperfect fruit will be the yield, but 
when the suckers are treated as weeds with only 
a small number left to bear fruit the following 
year, it is a large, though soft, handsome and 
luscious berry. 
Delaware.— Fine, bright color, medium size, 
medium crop, medium growth of cane and 
miserable flavor. From present (first year’s) in¬ 
dications of no special value. 
Tlncack.—\a ry firm, bright berry, resembling 
Brandywine in fruit. Medium crop, low growth 
of cane and suckers moderately; not very promis¬ 
ing but being first year's trial may prove better 
another year. 
Herstine .—Was the finest flavored of all; 
good-sized and fair crop, but too soft for market 
and injured by the winter. Not valuable for 
market, but good for home use on account of 
flavor, size and beauty. 
Highland Hardy. —Produced a good crop of 
first-class flavored fruit; not so large or so 
firm as desirable, but ripened so early that it 
was in demand and sold well. Valuable for 
market or garden on account of earlinese ; being 
several days in advance of any other red sort. 
Brandywine .—Sustained its reputation fully 
by being the finest red Raspberry, excepting 
Cutkbert, that we fruited. Brought the highest 
price in market, owing to its bright, handsome 
appearance and firmness. Good though not a 
heavy crop. 
Acher .—The same as Highland Hardy. 
Early Andrews .—Resembles Highland Hardy 
also in leaf and growth very strongly. The few 
berries on plants set, this spring were larger and 
better, but, I am Inclined to think they will 
prove the same. It will take another year to de¬ 
cide. 
Oanargua .—Did not do very well this year. 
It is too soft, and of an undesirable color. Canes 
of only meliorate growth and not entirely hardy. 
Plants Hint were not injured bore a good crop 
and ripened early. 
Keio lioclutlk.— Resembles Oanargua so strong¬ 
ly in fruit it would be difficult to distinguish oue 
from the other when picked ; being of the same 
dull red and purple and having the same acid 
flavor. Cano of strong growth, attaining a bight 
of six or seven feet, apparently entirely hardy 
and enormously productive. If it wore brighter 
in color it would bo a most desirable variety. 
Florence. Is by far the finest yellow cap I 
have yet seen. Fully as large as Mammoth 
Cluster and ripening with it; not so good in 
flavor t hough fair. Deep orange color, vigorous, 
hardy cane and exceedingly prolific—the plants 
being literally covered with fruit. 
Horwalk Seedling ,—To all appearances thus 
far is identical with Naomi. Cannot tell ]x>si- 
tively however until another year’s fruiting. 
Oufhhert .—Is the finest Raspberry and the best 
we fruited, all things considered having, hut one 
objection viz: lateness which however would 
not be an objection in some places. It was at 
its bight from the 10th to the 20th of July. 
Berries are remarkably handsome, being the 
form and size of the Hudson River Antwerp and 
of a rich deep crimson—a little darker than the 
Antwerp—and firm. Flavor good, though not 
A No. 1, and ripens irregularly. Canes of very 
strong growth entirely hardy and yield a very 
heavy crop. 
Or ape-vine Raspberry .—Is ft prodigy, but I 
differ with the editor of The. Evergreen, who 
stated in that, journal for March, 1876, that it was 
idontieftl with Raima Hulk-anus. I have them 
both in the same row and they resemble 
each other considerably, the Grape-vine being 
most probably a seedling of It. Nutkanus. 
Yet (bo former is a stronger and a more upright 
grower, and with larger leaves. The Grape¬ 
vine is now in blossom (July 21st) while the 
other blossomed m June. J. T. Lovett. 
Red Bank, N. J. 
THE PHILADELPHIA RASPBERRY. 
I wish to give my testimony in favor of this 
raspberry. I have fruited it. four years, and in 
that time it lias not failed to give a full crop of 
line, large berries each year. Even this year, 
when the Doolittle Black Caps before ripening 
on the hushes, are being dried by the local 
drought, the bushes of the Philadelphia are 
loaded down with large, juicy berries. They 
are perfectly hardy, standing unprotected and 
uninjured through our coldest winters. 
As a market berry, all I can say is, that laBt 
year I sold them readily in our local market for 
10 cts. per qt., while, at the same time, the 
Black Caps were peddled about the streets at 5 
cts. per qt. One thing more, the bushes do not, 
scratch, while all who have handled the bushes, 
or picked the berries of the Black Caps know 
how wickedly they scratch. As the Wilson 
strawberry is among strawberries, so the Phila¬ 
delphia raspberry among raspberries is the berry 
for the people. J. »• 
Freedom, Wis. 
EXTRACTS FROM CORRESPONDENTS’ 
LETTERS. 
I was so well pleased with your “ Pleasant 
Words with Rural Readers,’’ that I felt like res¬ 
ponding at once. I think I will try and write an 
article on Horticulture, according to your gener¬ 
ous proposition, and if it does not prove worthy 
of publication, I will not be disappointed. I am 
anxious to help circulate the Rural, and though 
I have never gotten up a club directly, I have 
subscribed for it five times, to be sent as presents 
to friends. Tbo Rural has been taken in my 
own family for fifteen years. The article in¬ 
closed is not the first I have written fur it, but 
the first under the new Editorship. (We trust 
it will not be the last under the new Editorship. 
—Eds.) M. G. Rand. 
THE TALMAN SWEET APPLE. 
If I could have but one variety of apple, I 
would Bay give me the Talman Sweet. Twenty 
years ago, I set out my first orchard containing 
80 trees of some half dozen different, varie¬ 
ties. Tin re were Baldwins, Northern Spys, 
Talman Sweets, besides some other kinds 
which were not labeled. Of that, orchard J 
have now 13 trees left; they are all Talman 
Sweets, and all bearing fruit this year. Home 
of the others died before bearing fruit, others 
after bearing a few years. The Talmtms have 
borne nearly every year for more than ten years. 
I think it was four years ago that I picked over 
80 bushels of flue fruit from the 13 trees in one 
season. So much for hardiness and productive¬ 
ness. For a market apple I know of none more 
salable, especially whore the people are educated 
up to using it. For home nae I can think of 
nothing more delicious than a dish of baked 
Talman Sweets, and for eatiug in their season, 
they will fill the bill every time. As for feeding 
to stock we have not come to that yet. 
John Rusticus. 
Freedom, Wis. 
--- 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker :—I send yon to-day 
a sample peach of n new and early variety, 
which lias been thoroughly tested and proven all 
that, is claimed far it. As you make it a special¬ 
ty to give to your readers all such news, 1 
thought probably you would he pleased to give 
notice, through your columns, of this now and 
valuable peach. It is a chance seedling, fruited 
first in 1871, by B. SilAlU’, near Apple Creek, 
Ohio—ripens in Northern Ohio as early as the 
18th of July—a free-stone, and entirely free 
from rot, which most early peaches are subject 
to. The tree is a remarkably vigorous grower, 
and stands the winter well. N. W. Laubach. 
Apple creek, J illy 2$, 18TT. 
[Peach measures 8 inoheR largest circumfer¬ 
ence, nearly round, richly colored, streaked and 
mottled with red, juicy and well-flavored.— Eds. 
--- 
A SURE nEMKDY FOR THE CODLING MOTH, WOUld 
bo a blessing to all orebardists, and the device 
suggested by the Rural Home, should therefore 
bo everywhere tested. According to it, all the 
most successful fruit-growers, East and West, 
have decided that there is no better remedy for 
this j test than to pasture hogs in the orchards, 
to eat the wormy apples and the worms therein. 
If the orchards are too large for the number of 
hogs kept, sheep aro turned In. If all will unite 
iu this system, its good results will soon bo mani¬ 
fest. There is no doubt about its being effcc- 
HANDLING MILK FOR BUTTER. 
A few weeks ago, a correspondent to these 
columns expressed a wish for further information 
with regard to the respective merits of the deep 
and shallow pan systems of Betting milk. Mr. 
W. Cooley of Vermont, is the inventor or one 
plan of deep setting, and as he has had a largo 
experience of the other systems sIbo, his views 
are entitled to weighty consideration. One ol>- 
jection against, liis method of closing the milk 
can hermetically and submerging it in water, 
was that the injurious odor of milk coming from 
Cows that had fed on uoxious weeds or drank 
from stagnant pools could not in this way be 
eliminated, and he begins his reply to this ob¬ 
jection with the query: 
What, is the animal odor, and how shall it be 
disposed of ? It is generally conceded that heat 
applied to the milk will drive off the light gases 
called animal odors. Recent experiment proves 
that cold condenses them into the watery part of 
the milk as effectually and with far less trouble 
than by any heating process. Professor Stewart 
of Cornell University, remarked at the recent 
meeting of the Vermont Dairymen’s Association, 
u The animal odors in milk are a sort ol' ferment 
and cold holds it in abeyance.” Pure milk from 
healthy cows fed on healthy food, with pure 
water, should be at once secured by a water seal, 
so as to retain all its natural flavor, for it is the 
flavor of choice butter more than any other 
quality that determines the price it will bring. 
There can be no danger from taint where milk is 
set warm from the cow under a water seal, if 
the temperature of the milk is reduced at once 
from 40° to 50°. At this temperature milk can¬ 
not taint iu 24 hours, and if any one believes 
otherwise, let him not take my word for it, 
hut test the question for himself. I am free to 
admit that milk set at a temperature of C5 : in 
hot weather will taint, of course, but it does not 
follow that it will taint under directly opposite 
conditions. 
Milk reduced to 50° will raise all its cream in 
24 hours ; if set at 40° or 45-', and the tempera¬ 
ture maintained, it will, if water-sealed, raise all 
its cream inside of 12 hours, and neither the 
milk nor cream will taint if set 20 inches deep. 
There are four methods of setting milk now in 
use: 
First—The small, open, shallow-pan system. 
