HE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
SEPT. 29 
never have been on such intimate toms, if it apar 
had not been that each cultivated a garden. To aio i 
prove the fact, my neighbor on the other Bide, leUl 
hasn’t a garden, and, although he appears to be mo 
a very pleasant and agreeable gentleman, I ha\ e 
never exchanged ton words with him. ie 
POLITICALLY i T °“ 
As Daniel WkbbtbB said at Rochester, * u 
when called upon for a speech, after survey- to h« 
ing the Genesee Falls, and drinking a good can 
deal of champagne, “ Gentlemen, you have> a 
lino cisy hwe—a magnificeut city and a splendid 
water-fall a water-fall a hundred foot high ! Ci 
Ocntleroen, no city over lost its lihertios that sow 
hud a water-fall a hundred foot high ! ’ And so all t 
wo say, no nation over lost its liberties that do- pne 
lighted in gardening. True, the outside barbar- he, 
ians, tbo fierce and boarded Gauls, and Attilla s pot< 
devouring Huns did make spoil of the imperial ling 
city queen or the seven bills, but at that date A 
the Romans bad neglected the culture of their roc. 
plain vegetable gardens and lolling m the lap of 
,-ase gave themselves up to extravagant pleas- wit 
ure-grounds, hanging garden*, and all sorts of the 
foolish things. A different sort of men then te tio, 
tho stern old Cineiunatus, who dropped the ed 
handle of the plow in tho cabbage field te grasp adi 
the handle of tho short sword, wielding winch, sor 
the Roman arms rose victorious o’er the world. al« 
Look at Britain that “ tight little island' ” whose otu 
morning drum-beat follows the sun iu its course du 
around the world; a nation of gardeners, a ov« 
nation whoso women oan boast, like the Spartan Bo 
wives, that they never beheld the smoko of an 1 
enemy’s camp-fire! . , 
Depend upon it, the wise statesman who wishes 
to Bee his country prosper, will advise his coun- soi 
trymen to look well to their gardens. de 
PRACTICALLY: m< 
To commence with beans " The man who 
doesn’t know beans! ” What a degrading 
stigma to affix to a weak fellow- mortal! ^ 
Can contempt express itself iu fewer words, ^ 
or plainer ? Study beauB ! Great Nature s sub- ^ 
stitute for sinewy meat. Know beans by all ^ 
means—those rich jewels from mother earth s 
I bosom, and the doctor’s firm ally. And that re- u 
calls to mind the famous order issued by the snr- ^ 
goon of my regiment, during the late “ unpleas- ^ 
antnoss,” when we were quartered In upper Ar- ^ 
liansas and fresh vegetables were few and lar ^ 
between; “Give tho men beans three times a ^ 
day, and as of toner as they’ll eat ’em! ” h 
lionna : don't plant them too oa: ly, wail until ^ 
the ground becomes fully warm, or else they’ll ^ 
rot, being tender and affectionate, of course—m f 
their nature. For bush, the white or black wax ^ 
-it’s a mere matter of t aste, tho color -cannot g 
bo excelled, either used as a snap, or shelled and ^ 
gently simmered on the fire with a half pound 
of salt pork-a streak of fat and a streak of loan. ( 
The Refugee, best for pickling greou, being ( 
quite tliiok-slauned. The Turtle-soup bean is ( 
not all a mockery and a delusion, hut with proper 
ingredients added makes a savory dish indeed. 
Plant in rows two feet apart, beans two or three ^ 
inches apart In the rows, boe oftou, but never 
when the loaves are wet, or the plants will rust 
badly. For running boans ; Droer's Improved 
Lima, the old Horticultural, or Speckled Oran- * 
berry, Rhode Jsla- d Butter and Giant Wax are i 
all excellent. Flam, in hills about three feet 
apart. Caution ! don’t raise a big mound, a foot : 
and a half or two foot, hi h, for that will bo apt, 
to coniine the roots te t.*e hill, and tho sun will 
scorch ’em badly. Rather dig a hole, a foot 
square and a foot deep, put in a good shovel-full 
of well-rotted main r>, a nod with tho grass-side 
down over it, and then your dirt; be snro 
that the mound does not rise six inches abovo 
the level of the surrounding ground. Plant your 
bean-pole before your seeds, not a fishing-rod 
high-reaching to heaven, ten or twelve feet long; 
for your boau is an ambitious animal and will 
not be content to bloom and blossom until it can 
climb no more. Six or eight feet high is quite 
enough, and keep tho vine well nipped in at the 
top. Be sure to press the Limas, and any other 
broad fiat beau, into the ground, oye downward, 
because if wrongly placed, it in dilficult for them 
to thrive. 
BEETS AND CABBAOES. 
Beets: modest and retiring, and yet with their 
gaudy plumes competing with the flame-colored 
coleus. Th© Egyptian Blood is good and early. 
Henderson's Pine Apple fine in flavor; the Long 
Smooth Blood prime for winter. Sow in rows a 
foot apart, and sow thick, so as to have plenty 
of young beets for greens. A dish of beet- 
greens, when the yonug beets are about as big 
rouud as a lead-pencil, properly cooked, would 
have nrndo those old Roman lords with their 
peacocks and slave-fed eels, and such-like messes 
turn pale with joy. 
Cabbages: Early Wakefield is good, so is the 
Winningstadt, Wheeler’s Imperial fine, and for 
late use, Drumhead Savoy ; the Early Dwarf 
XJlm Savoy is oapital for early ubo ulso, and 
heads quick. Plant in Reed-bed, and transplant 
into rows two or three feet apart, according to 
size of variety, plants fifteen inches to two feet 
apart. Wrap a piece of stout paper closely color 
around the stem of each plant when it is set out, inch 
let the paper go into tbo dirt half an inch or thick 
more, and project above about two inches; this they 
will be a groat protection against the cut-worm, 
the most destructive “beast that 1 know of te Fa 
roam unchained in tho garden. sow < 
Cauhtlowers: Erfurt Early Dwarf, I have found Pc 
to be as good as any. Same treatment as tho red 
cabbage, but set out early or they wont head, then 
for they like not tho sultry sun. 8llv< 
CARROTS, CELERY, CORN. deV( 
Carrots : Early French Horn suits me best; n 
sow about tbo Hamo as boots, and remember with Brei 
all those crops in rows, eternal vigilance is the radi 
prico of HUccoBBj for tho woedrt will smother > c 1 
them, root, and branch, when young, unless and 
potent man brings Up tho artillery of his ten ter 
fingers and routs the enemy from their positions, qun 
And how weeds do grow ! talk about mush- k 
rooms ! I’ll back tbo weeds ! *■" 
Celery: Carter’s Dwarf Crimson does well Fin 
with mo, and I fancy the flavor is better than elm 
I white kinds, but this may be only imagina- of 
i; anyway tho appearance of the wine-tint- BWt 
stalk*upon the table never fails te excite the hoi 
Written of all visitors. 1 grow in Render- 
i’s way, set right flat on the ground in rows dm 
Hit a foot apart, plants about six inches from s,)l 
h other in tho rows, earth up very slightly 
-Jog growth, and it does well. The foliage 
irshadowing the plant does the blanching, bit 
n’t boo, If plant is wot. Bni 
3orn, I plant in drills, three feet apart, and an 
to get a stalk about every one foot. Black Wi 
ixicn.ii is sweet and fine, but requires a warm ob 
1. Gregory's Marblehead Mammoth is won- A 
rful in size and yet a good eating corn, lai 
jwoII’b Evergreen is still the standard with lb 
) for late use. mi 
CUCUMBERS, LETTUCE, MARTYNIA. 
encumbers: Tailby’s Hybrid is just superb in 
-e aud excellent in flavor. Green Clusterand w 
irly ltussiau are early aud good. Green Pro- Ul 
ic,‘excellent for pickling. I plant cucumbers ™ 
rows, live feot apart, tho plants one foot apart *' 
the rows. I generally Bturt a few plants in ‘ ‘ 
ie house in sods, six inches square, grass-side 11 
)wn; a hot-bed 1 have never poBseBsod, being ri 
lat most unfortunate of mortals, the man who H 1 
nits, and for tho last three years I bnvu been 11 
ilgratiug, like a wandering Arab iu a circle * 
round New York, socking for some country J 1 
nine, within a reasonable distanco of the city. 
plant tho sods after tho weather gets settled, ' 
nd the encumbers never seem to know the dif- 
jronco. Pick encumbers as soon as ihey are t 
irgo enough to use, and never lot one go to J 
sed early if you can help it : it weakens the « 
ine, aud checks production. 
Lettuce: if there is a better lettuce than the 
Tanson 1 want to see it, and until 1 do, I shall 
loubt that such a thing can ho. Start them in i 
ho house in a box. A common soap box will give | 
•lants enough for quite a large bed. ) 
Martynia: splendid for pickles. Take the pods I 
riieu young and green. I 
melons, onions, parsley, peas. 
Melons: like cucumbers I grow those in rows, 
tix to ton foot apart, plants about a foot apart 
n the rows. Open a trench where tho rows aro 
» be, about a foot wide and deep, fill in well- 
rotted manure and sods ou top, grass-side down, 
U id then the. dirt: put three or four seeds in, a 
foot, apart and when they grow pull up all but 
the strongest one; The creeping things will 
generally take this job Off your hands and you 
will be lucky to get tho plautB as near sb a foot 
apart, after they get through with them. Tho 
old Nutmeg still retains its place in my favor; 
Jenny Rind in small bat good, and tho Cas- 
al.a fino. Gipeey and Black Spanish satisfy me 
in the water-melon line. 
Onions: the New Queen is splendid, the 
greatest acquisition in the onion line that has 
come in my way. Seeds put in in May-I moved 
late this year, worse luck!—made as big bulbs by 
last of August as sets put iu at the same time. 
The other new Italian onions 1 have not tried, 
but shall next year. I am going to take my 
flight this time in October, ro as to be settled m 
the spring : my extensive hen-yard is knocked 
endways iu tbo hatching question, when I move 
in April. 
Parsley, invaluable to the careful housewife 
for soups : I plant mine In boxes and have it 
growiug right through the year. Carter s Cham¬ 
pion is tho kind I use. 
(WDir _ Teas • now we come to an army where the 
. big men are all officers and no privates. Tom 
mild Thumb and little Gem are two precious infants, 
heir 1 riant them between my beets, carrots, onions, 
j S8 es and parsnips, and they are out of the way be¬ 
fore tho others need the room, but you must 
s the weed, and weed diligently, or else the bed will be 
1 for a sight. Advancer is good, Alpha, better, I 
warf think; Champion of England and the old Blaelc- 
and eyed Marrowfat for late. 1 plant iu double rows, 
Llant six inches apart, three feet between the rows; 
to and after tbo peas aro off , the late oabbages take 
, feet the ground, just as early potatoes give way to 
celery. In a small garden you must make every eyet 
inch tell. Put the wrinkled varieties of peas in thei 
thick, for if the spring happens to be a wet one, wee 
tbey will rot terribly. )C 
PARSNIPS, PEPPERS, RADISHES, SQUASHES. 
Farsnips: Dong Hollow Crown docs forme; 
, we 
bow early. , 
Feppers: Sweet Mountain for pickles; Long 
red for the chickens, and how the liena enjoy 
them ! 1 fancy my prize white Leghorn cockerel, “ 
Silver Sam, looks six inches taller after ho has 1’ 
devoured a spicy pepper. an< 
Radishes: Scarlet Olive-shaped and French as 
Breakfast aro as superior to the common turnip < 
radish as a Hubbard squash is to a *utnpkin, and 
yetthe truck-growers will grow the old turnip, tin 
‘and the acrid Long Scarlet; Chinese Rose Win- to 
ter is good for late. Radishes must be grown 
quick to bo good; bow early. j . 
Squashes: Early Bush is good, aud Gregory s 
New Cocoauut, both ornamental and eatable. al 
Turban is rich, but of all the squashes, still we ‘ 
cling to the Hubbard, that delicious compound ™ 
I f a roasted chestnut and a rich South Carolina “ 
went potato ; we say South Carolina, for some- | VI 
ow these New Jersey and Delaware Hwcct pota- hi 
oes don’t taste like tho ones we had when a boy 
own in Charleston on our first visit to the S< 
Southland. 
tomatoes and turnips. 11 
Tomatoes: if I were restricted to one vegeta- E 
do I think I should choose these red-cheeked, 1 
nulling beauties. Sot the plants four feet apart 
mil prepare the hills as directed for boans. <1 
Wrap the stems with stiff paper when sot out, or h 
dse beware of the wrath of the roused cut-worm. « 
\ good way of fighting these peats is to lako a *' 
lantern at night aud examine the plants, when t 
they will be found at work. I have caught as 
many as thirty in a night; but within a week I t 
made such havoc with them, that I rarely got c 
more than two or throe. I saw it Mated some- t 
where that a tub half filled with water, with a t 
thin coating of oil on top, put in the garden at ' 
night with a lighted lantern suspended over the < 
tub, would attract tho cut-worm millers to their i 
destruction. Next spring I’ll try that device! < 
Hathaway’s Excelsior and the new Conqueror 
ran a light race for first early with mo this ' 
spring ; the Excelsior was a little ahead, and, to 
my thinking, is the best tomato, being better 
shaped tbau tho Conqueror, which is apt—with 
me—to ran to gigantic, but irregular frait. The 
Trophy, old but good, although a little late ; the 
Golden Trophy, a novelty and worth cultivation; 
Little Gem, canning and good frait; hut for 
this light, sandy, aud hot soil, Southern Eastern 
Jersey, Hathaways’ Excelsior is the best tomato 
so far, both for table and market. 
Turnips: Orange Jelly, an excellent “ fruit. 
A SU00ESTI0N. 
And now I've about covered tho ground of my 
in personal knowledge, and w ill wind up by sug- 
ve gosting to those fortunate souls who own their 
places, au idea which 1 came across lately in 
ds the course of my reading. The bane of every 
garden is weeds, and tbo older the garden, tho 
worse the weeds soeui to be. 
Now for the remedy. Say you want a one-half 
acre garden; take one acre of laud; put one- 
U half of it in grass, the other half isthegaulcn. 
"° Cultivate it for about three years, or until tbo 
B(1 ll gets pretty well charged with manure, and 
ra ’ ti, e weeds obtain a good foothold, then, presto ’ 
’ * ,mt the garden into grass and tnrn the other 
m ., 0 ne-half acre into a garden. Now you have a 
grass sod, tho very thing plants delight in. fresh 
,0 " aT1 d virgin. Cultivate that for three or four 
J” years and thou ohauge again. By this means, 
( k0 literally, every three years you have a piece of 
, ’ virgin soil. 
H In all my reading experience I don’t remember 
,UC to have over met u more valuable idea ; that is 
tho way it appears to me. Let some one try it 
! and report progress. The market gardeners on 
i Bergen llights are beginning te find out that 
V f land will sicken after a time, no matter bow 
* *' highly it is manured, and crops fall off. On 
m '!‘ Long Island. I am told, some such system is in 
** use. Ou a fifty aero farm devoted to truck, ten 
eyes te detect a superior flower or fruit! Yet 
there is work to do in the garden, although the 
weeds are taking their rest, for the beans must 
he harvested, tomatoes canned and made up in 
various ways as EMILY Maple can recommend, 
and the different pickles prepared. So like bees 
wo work all summer to prepare for winter, and 
rejoice in the labor. The children of both 
eexos are very much interested in the operation 
of budding and delight in half a day s work with 
“papa," using the knife with some dexterity, 
and seeing everything with their sharp eyes, and 
as I notice tlm little girls eager to learn, I won¬ 
der sometimes why orchard work should not be 
adapted for women? We employ more girls 
than boya in the picking, finding them gentler 
to handle the frait, fully quicker, and as quiet 
in behavior. I have often thought that the care 
of an orchard might be a source of remunera¬ 
tive employment to farmers’ daughters where 
land is plentiful, even if they roqulred;to hire the 
cultivation until such time as it could he sown 
down to grass. Beginning with a few grafted 
trees and taking a good horticultural paper, it 
would he worth an experiment, and a profitable 
living in most cases with a little care. 
The Exhibition of the Montreal Horticultural 
Society which was held last week iu that city, 
was cortamly unique in one feature, which was 
the classing of dogs under such a heading. 
Lookiug at the catalogue and long list of prizes, 
I wondered where tho moat rabid horticulturist 
could classify the gallery of over one hundred 
dogs that filled the air with their whine and 
howl that sultry day. Instead of a cool, quiet 
hall with a pleasant subdued light where one 
might enjoy the flowers aud admire or criticise 
! the fruit, where the voice of one’s friend might 
m lie hoard in comment, and the outer world feel 
I that they had a glimpse of rural life—a blessed 
t oasis in the reeking heat of the city instead of 
. this, as It ought to be ; my pen fails te describe 
a, the unpleasantness to sight aud smell and boai- 
t ing that pervaded tho place, only expressed by 
o one word, as a dear friend aptly termed it, her 
v idea of pandemonium; and I leave it for liorti- 
i oulturista to discuss the question why after tho 
, r list of vegetables cornea tho list of dogs ufl ‘ ‘ hor- 
ticultural ?” 
uno. « -- j , 
acres aro always resting. Aud, gardeners, don t 
neglect your hens ; their manure does wonders 
with me, properly composted. 
___ 
GARDENING PEN TALKS. 
BY MRS. ANNIE L. JACK. 
The apples are ripening. Ruby and russet 
they haug upon the trees a bountiful and beauti¬ 
ful harvest, for which we aro grateful to the 
Great. Giver of every good thiug. Just now there 
is a lull iu Hie extra fruit picking of the season, 
and with rare and pleasant visitors from the stii 
of the outer world wo are enjoying sweet con¬ 
verse. as they interest the children even to those 
of us, as old as Holmes’ “boys," in searching 
for the treasure of nature iu the woods and way- 
side. How eagerly the little ones bring in a 
stone containing anything of unusual interest 
for geological investigation, how quick their 
Industrial Jiocictifs, 
NEW YORK STATE FAIR. 
ROCHESTER, Sept. 22. 
The thirty-seventh annual fair and cattle 
show of the’ N. Y. State Ag. Society, is now 
folded away among the thirty-six preceeding 
ones and exhibitors, or at lo&»t a great many of 
them, aro madly racing for Erio, where they 
will again display their wares, and practice the 
same seductive ways that were so effective With 
the inhabitant* of western Now York. 
The Fair was quite a success, exhibitors came 
forward in numbers, and in tbo agricultural im¬ 
plement* and Btook departments the show was 
above tho average. The attendance was not 
what it should have been, which may be partly 
accounted for by the uncertain weather. Mon¬ 
day was pleasant, Tuesday successfully demon¬ 
strated what could be done in the way of posBi- 
bilitios while Wednesday. Thursday and Irulay, 
took such liberties witl. the thermometer that 
one could easily imagine temperature as among 
the exhibits. Those oil tbo lookout for souv¬ 
enirs have carried away specimens of every 
quality of cold known to the world. co¬ 
respondent was especially successful in this di¬ 
Wednesday was tho banner day in point of at¬ 
tendance, and it was a busy one for all who 
came to the fair on trade intent, Farmers and 
cit y people thronged the various departments. 
Although purchasers were a very “^‘"‘th- 
those who had something to give away for noth 
ing were beseigod with au open-hauded consUtu- 
(!ncv l„ one iustuncc a deluded man wlio u alas 
S thought it would he a. 
ness to hake and give away biscuit, raujea J 
his yeast. His was the most attractive W 
the ground it was like homo in the son 0 
turns way in which biscuit, yeas ’ 3 ^ \ 
and everything sizable was awallowed wim 
have no‘doubt, be an eternal warning to the 
t ml WhUeVe society bad tabooed racing, it 
5 on the other hand generous in P«™^ afc out 
, beer venders, whoso 
3 beer, were only equaled by the thirsty ^ 
stood around tl.e counters, at times 
; frantically grasping glasses as soon as they M 
1 Tho presence of temperance adv ^, a ^ 8 ^° n f 
ss.-tt.-s- 
Sx-rs nssssc. 
