nstern Maryland.— New Catalogues of Cheap 
I Kamin free. J. C. Primmer, Cambridge, MU. 
255 
7tb. To-day it is raining and tlie weather mod¬ 
erate. Small fruits and apples, plentiful; alto¬ 
gether a season of “ fat things.” I. w. 3. 
• ♦»<»-— 
South Osborne, Ont. Co„ Wis., Oct. 1 . 
It has been very dry weather hero this sum¬ 
mer and fall; but it seems to be local, as we 
hear of heavy rains all around us. Timothy, 
almost a failure; wheat, au average crop—ten 
to twelve bushels to the acre ; oats, good, from 
thirty to forty bushels; potatoes, not very 
good; wheat, *7; oats, 25c.; potatoes, 50c. 
J1HOOK8TON, N. C. Oct., 8, 1377. 
Since my last we have had another twenty- 
four hours’ rain, clearing up ou the 5th. We 
are now having clear, cool weather, no frost yet. 
Cotton-picking, and pea harvesting are being 
pushed. Laud in lino condition for plowing! 
But little wheat will be sown until after the 
loth. State fair next week; a large attendance 
is expected. M B ,, 
$atrjr IJusbaithu. 
FEEDING FOE BUTTER. 
uv CONRAD WILSON. 
A Michigan farmer inquires how to feed cows 
so as to get the best yield of butter. There are 
many feeding rations that tend to increase the 
product of butter, but the difference in the ex¬ 
pense of these various methods, as well as in the 
quality of the butter are points not to be neg- 
lectod. To get the largest product of good but¬ 
ter at the lowest cost per pound is the great 
problem, not only for the dairy, but for every 
practical farmer. Tliuro is no better way to get 
light ou this subject than to consult the re¬ 
corded experience of successful men. 
C <J. Holton of Rochester, N. Y., reported to 
the Wootuni N. V. Farmer's Club a yield of 257 
pouuds of butler in 26 weeks from his Ayrshire 
Cow Daisy, on a daily ration of feed equivalent 
to 21 pounds of hay, plus 5 pounds of potatoes. 
Chas. 1). Hart of McLean, N. Y , obtained over 
400 pounds or butter per year from a single cow, 
by feeding grain in addition to pasture; the daily 
ration of grain being one quart of corn meal and 
two quarts of brail. A Scott, a Vermont far¬ 
mer has reported a cow that yielded three pounds 
of butter per d ty for three weeks together on a 
ration consisting of 20 pounds of hay, and 14 
quarts of potatoes. 
According to a statement in tlm Maine Far¬ 
mer, Mrs. Graves of Manavillo obtained from 5 
native cows over 1000 pounds or butter per year, 
in addition to the milk and butter consumed iu 
tlr° family. Tim fetid consisted of one qnartof cot¬ 
ton-seed meal, and one quart of wheat middlings, 
il lily to each cow, with good hay, as much as 
tlmy would eat. This made the cost of feeding 
about forty to forty-live dollars a year for each 
cow, which h it of course a handsome margin of 
profit ou the butter. A very 
INSTRUCTIVE EXPERIMENT IN FEEDING 
is reported from a German station by Dr. Wolfe, 
iu which the relative valuo of boots and potatoes, 
both raw and cooked, i s tested for butter and for 
milk. To a daily ration comprising hay, oat- 
straw and rape-cake, beets were added, first, raw, 
aud afterwards cooked, and then potutoos in like 
manner. On comparing results it appeared that 
the ration with raw beets gave 218 1 A pounds of 
milk, or 8 1 , pounds of butter pur week; cooked 
beets, 288 :, .j pounds of milk, or 9 ; q pounds of 
butter ; raw potatoes, 282 .'-j pounds of milk, or 
h/i pounds of butter; cooked potatoes, 218! , 
pounds of milk, or 9 1 ; pounds of butter. This 
experiment seems to show that cooking beets 
increases the yield both of milk and butter, 
while cooking potatoes increases the butter, hut 
diminishes the amount of milk. 
Alonzo Libby, of Saccarappa, obtained from 
two Ayrshire cows, according to the Scientific 
Farmer, an average Of 3200 quarts of milk per 
annum, which is nearly or quite equal to 300 
pounds of butter. Thu feed for this result was 
good pasture during the summer aud good hay 
during the winter, with 2 quarts of corn meal 
and 4 quarts of shorts per day. 
In the experiment of Dr. Wolff, above cited, 
it docs not appear whether either of the rations 
given was especially economical in the produc¬ 
tion of butter, as that was not the direct object of 
the expei iment. But in all the other oases here 
cited, it is clear beyond a doubt, that the cost of I 
feeding was relatively small, and the margin of I 
proiit proportionately large. Iu fact it may be 
safely assumed, as a general . ale, that whenever 
the cost of feeding exceeds 650 a year, or the 
yield of butter falls short of 200 pouuds, there is 
something w rong, either in tho breed or capacity 
of the cow, or iu the method of feeding, or in 
the general management of the business. 
If in the above cases tho manure is taken into 
account, it will show still more certainly the 
amount aud the certainty of the resulting profit. 
- The agricultural value of tho solid and liquid 
manure of a well-kept cow is over fifty dollars a 
year. It will therefore more than cover tho cost 
of the feed. Tho market price of butter for 
several yours lias averaged over thirty con Is, 
, which would make the cash return on 200 pounds 
equal to TOO. As the value of the Hummed milk 
| and butter-milk is more limn .sufficient to pay 
L for making the butter, it is evident that the net 
margin of profit is quite remarkable, and shows 
that a good cow under good management, can 
pay for herself in ono year. 
-- ■ 
OUR COW. 
Long years ago—forty at the least—my mother 
and I wore keeping house in one of the quiet 
New England villages that ftro nestled down 
among the Green Mountains. After much de¬ 
liberation and planning of ways and means, wo 
decided to keep a cow. It would add to onr com¬ 
fort, and provide a market for vegetables, corn- 
fodder, and small potatoes. Wo had au aero of 
land, aud there was, or course, a good deal of 
garden refuso that was of no value. 
After deciding to have a cow, the next step 
was to choose one to suit. Cows were plentiful 
and cheap in those days. It was before there 
was such a time about high-bloods, records, pe¬ 
digrees, aud all that sort of talk that makes so 
many folks foolish and unreasonable. Well, 
mother said tho thought she could pick out a 
good cow, and it would cost no more to keep a 
good one than a pour one; so after looking 
through several yards and milking quite a num¬ 
ber and testing tho milk, she found olio that 
pleased her. It was a trim, cherry-red cow, with 
a dark face, short horns, and rather small in 
size, live years old ; and mother paid twelve dol¬ 
lars for her. 
In those days, village people turned then- cows 
into the road, or "long pasture,” as they caUed 
it; so there was no expense for summer keep¬ 
ing ; but they always kept them either in tho 
stable or yard over night. It was tho 20th of 
August that we drove tb it little cow home. I 
saw some ol the men while knowingly as we 
passed, and one of the neighbors said ho hoped 
wo hadn’t got cheated.; another said, "It was i 
just as much as a woman knew about cows.” 
Wo put her into a box-stall, and mother and I 
held a council while wo leaned over tire gate and 
contemplated our property. " 1 will do the milk- i 
ing, for you cannot milk as fust as 1 can, and a i 
cow needs to bo milked as quick as possible; and 
you must take the rest, or the eure of her,” said I 
mother, who was over fifty-eight years of age, I 
while I was only nineteen. So wo settled it, and t 
that little cow became a part of our domestic ar- ^ 
raugemeuts, aud her comfort was my special 
care. 
Sire was one of the most gentle, docile, loving 
animals that I ever saw; she just acted as 
though she roasoued matters in her own wise 
head. «ho was a pattern for regularity. She 
always announced her return homo by a low, 
pleasant call. Wo potted, and fed her by no rule 
or stint. She had her pail of slops regularly, 
night and morning. Wo bought two tons of hay 1 
for her, aud that, with corn-fodder, potatoes aud 1 
slops, with four bushels of wheat middlings aud 1 
bran mixed, carried her through winter. 
Now, as it is fashionable to keep records of 1 
profit and loss, f am going to conform to the \ 
fashion, because I think that I can tell as big a ‘ 
story as any one, and moreover. I have no favor¬ 
ite breed to advertise, or talk about. 1 think a f 
cow that is carefully and kindly treated and 
mossed, will bring ample returns; but you do f 
not want nroro than one cow to pet at a time. 1 
We kept our " Bossy" four years, and she never * 
wont dry a day. Wo fattened four calves, and ( 
hero stands tho acoonnt, as my mother kept it 1 
over forty years ago: ( r 
To one row at. 8l - > 00 
Two tons of bay at *'.i +< ton.. .. . . . . .."lS OO 
Knur iiinliets or wheal middlings... .] 2i>0 
By milk sold, 450 quarts, at 4c. 
Butter, 135 lbs,, one shilling p a. 
Cream, ‘.’0 q uni ts.i. 
One lat calf, weighing 208 lbs. 
.SilS.no 
. 22.50 
. 3.83 
...^ 13.00 
If *<>5.81 
. 3.Me 
T iwo.st 
I-ess expenses.* jjmx) 
Leaving as gain for one year.......*33.83 
Moreover, we had what milk, cream and butter 
we wished for our own use, aud kept a nice shout 
besides. The last year we kept the cow, an ordi¬ 
nance was passed that cows should not run at 
large, and so wo concluded to give up our cow, 
and sold her for just 615. She was nine years 
old; a dairyman bought her, and he called her 
a very poor cow. She was so homesick that she 
came out a perfect skeleton iu the spring; and 
although she was three miles from us, she would 
jump her fence and come bellowing home, two 
or three times a week. She, of course, had no 
extra care of any kind no petting or brushing— 
and this was tho result. 
Now, when I read those wonderful accounts of 
such profitable cows, it always reminds me of 
cur pet "Bossy;" and I think, it the whole story 
were told, that perhaps those splendid cosset Jer¬ 
seys, Devons, Ayrshires, and other high breeds. 
B'iglit prove very different animals under differ¬ 
ent treatment. A cow is a treasure iu a family; 
and the better you treat t hem, tho nroro remuner¬ 
ative they will be. A very common animal by 
care and gentleness, will become a very valuable 
creature ; and therefore, because a cow kept by 
herself is a great butter and milk producer, that 
is no reason why iu a large dairy, where she has 
no special coddling, she wjil bo any better than 
I ho generality of cows. 1 behove in tolling tho 
whole story ; then the truth will be understood 
iu all its hearings. Of course, there are some 
skim-milk cows that no care or feed would make 
first-class animals. Grandmother. 
-- - - 
COWS LOSING THEIR MILK. 
This is an unfortunate failing, for in other 
respects the cows aro often good. Many of 
them lose milk only wbon Urn udder,is full, 
in which case it is worth while to milk thorn 
three times a day, way at 4 a. m., noon and 8 
P. 5i. This will relievo the udder so that 
they may hold their milk very well afterward, 
but there are cases where the milk runs out 
while the cow lies down, and then, it is host to 
get rid of such an animal as llioru is no euro. 
1 havo a man working for me who labored on 
tho Duke of Buckingham's estate in Euglaud, 
and he Rays several cows came to lose their 
milk iu consequence of being milked with tubes 
or a machine made Tor tho purpose. It is gen¬ 
erally best, to got rid of any auimals giving extra 
trouble etc. There may ho ways to lessen the 
quantity running away, hut it is never worth 
while to bother with such instances, as by dry¬ 
ing tho animal and fattening for hoof it is 
easy to replace her. 
Supposing, however, that this Durham cow 
is a pure-bred short horn, and it is wished to 
raise all the calves she will produce, the better 
way will ho to let the calf run with her every 
time, ami then Urn milk will bo sucked so often 
as to prevent any loss of consequence, or if there 
should he, then why, of course, there is postively 
no choice but to get rid of her or raise her 
calves otherwise. It is not likoly, however, 
that tho milk drops away as fast as it, comes 
into tho udder, for if so there would be no 
moans of drying her excepting by physic, blueU- 
ing, or ha!T starving. When advice is asked 
it would bp well to give more particulars for 
when it is said tlm cow loses her milk, it might 
bo meant she sinks or gives less and less, and 
thus loses by drying up : in such a case if good 
succuleui rood won’t keep a stoutly flow, nothing 
will. G. Gardner. 
®jjc |Joultrjr garb. 
POULTRY AWARDS AT THE STATE FAIR. 
Eds : Rural New Yorker, I am in receipt oT 
marked copy of tho Rural of Sept., 29th, con¬ 
taining correspondence regarding the State Fair- 
held at Rochester last month. 
Too writer, hiding behind initial letters, which 
may he his own or picked up for tlm occasion, 
criticises the action of judgea m a manner insult¬ 
ing to them, not to mention exhibitors. 
Tn the matter of Brown I mg horns ho appears 
tender perhaps ho is a disappointed exhibitor 
who has not yet acquired “ name and fame ” 
sufficient to influence judges, andcanse thorn to 
make awards to suit him, as Ire insinuates was 
the case with other exhibitors. As for myself, 
(and I, with others, rest under theimputation of 
i exerting such an influence,) let me say I have 
never met either of the judges, and was entirely 
ignorant as to whom they wore, until I read their 
names in tho letter of “ 6'. LI. E. U." 
Having other business at the Fair, I had no 
time to attend to fowls, and was only in tho build¬ 
ing occasionally to see that they had food aud 
water. 
My fowls were so ragged in appearance from 
molting rapidly, that 1 had no hopes of their 
taking a premium, but the judges saw their 
" point* of welLence," while evidently with " C. 
II. R. It.' " 2 ,x ine feathers make fine birds." A 
trio of four-months-old chicks, that I did not en¬ 
ter for premium, but took down to help out the 
show, were acknowledged by all to bo tho best 
on the grounds, and numbers importuned me to 
soil them. They ate out of the premium birds. 
Acknowledging thenreritsof Mr. Hayden’s fowls, 
and with great respect for him personally, truth 
compels mo to say that the only claim to superi¬ 
ority his birds could make over the premium 
fowls, was that they were one tier of coops 
higher up, quite as easy to view, and in no way 
“ near the roof.” Edwin J. Marsh. 
| Our reporter at tho Fair is a staff correspon¬ 
dent, in no way interested iu poultry pursuits, 
and thoroughly responsible for his statements. ] 
J&xttfi, gtti DUuttf, Sc. 
£ Please mention Rural, when utldress- 
in« Advertisers. 
GENESEE VALLEY 
NURSERIES. 
Established 18.10, Kordiester, TV. \r. 
The largest and most complete assortment of Nurs¬ 
ery Stock In Hie country. 
Fruit and Ornamental Trees, 
Shrubs, Roses, Vines, Grapes, 
Currants, Evergreensnn(l Greonhouse Plants, at vem 
low rotes. 
Wholesale Catalogue tree on application. 
__ liDWARD A. I'HOST. 
CMAU> FHTJJT PLANTS. Giem Anierl- 
H can, Crescent Seediimr, rinctnrella riiid mii i.E»7 
Sirawh.-r Sen; Early Pronilo. Hellene": BrmniyV fe 
and nd *>est Ituspharrlcs: uiueMienie. 
Gropes. Ac. All a,, hard-pan prices ' ,.\{\ , ' £ 
new Bl 8 t. JO UN S. COLLINS. 
__ Mooi ertmvn, N. J. 
K1SSENA 
NI! It SIC IS IKS. 
RARE AMD EXQUISITE 
JAPANESE MAPLES 
AT REDUIT0 PRICES. 
Also, a lull collection of 
llurdv Trees & Shrubs. 
Specialties made of Jthodo- 
dentlruns,Roses. Kurilv and 
Greenhouse Azaleas. Map. 
Holms, Fruit Troi's, Korns, 
anil all (ho host m.vrlt!o-i 
Data Ini;turn Free, and 
vimts In tho Nnrsor.os at 
Kissenu sol lulled. 
S.B.PARSONS & SONS, 
Fl.UMCTKU, L. I. 
HOW TO GROW CABBAGE PIANTS 
in any locality, free from Ff.KAS, MAGGOTS and 
( i.rn-KonT. II ran he doin'. Sen advertise unit of 
our now MkNirAT, OF VKQkta ui.e PLANTS, tn the 
RURAL fAFSept, 15, or send for Iron t’ironlar. 
Address 1 , K. TILLINGII AST. 
La L’luuie, l.u/.orno Co-. I'a. 
THE DINGEE & GONARD CO’S 
UK A l-TI U’U L BVEll-ULOOlU ING 
ROS 
STRONG POT ROSES, suitable for WINTER 
BLOOM, cut -.Ubly by Jiniil.post paid. 5 splendid 
varb-talI labeled, lorGMj l ilbr 18:4? 
19 for 593 1 :40 fur $1-1135 fur life. For Kliiqilr one It 
additional, one Magulncoiit Premium Knso 
tom-cry dollar's worth ordered. Pend I'orour N KW 
liDIIII'l TO It OS 1C (jCT.'niRK, and choose 
from ovi ratio finest sorts. Wenrake nos, - atlroit 
Specialty, anil nee the torjiest ynewer< in ,1,,,,, - 
im. | to for to mmOcU'd outers in l£c I idled nImP-i 
and Canada Till: DIN GEE Ar CON A CD n J., 
Rose-Growers, West Grove, Chester Co., Fa. 
GRAPE VINES. 
Also Trees. Hmull Fruits, etc. Wholesale 
•■dies very low to Nurserymen. Dealers and largo 
I lantern. Wend stamp lor Descriptive List. Price 
List Fit EE. 
T, S. IIUBI1AIM), Fredonin, N.Y. 
SM estate. 
£■-- Flense inciiiion Rural, when address¬ 
ing Advertisers. 
LANDS FORSALK 
960,000 ACRES 
In Southwest Missouri. 
First-class stock Karras, excellent Agricultural 
Lands, and tho host Tobacco Region in the West. 
Short winters, no grasshoppers, orderly society, 
good markets and a healthy country. L6W Prices' 
Long Credit I 
Free Transportation from St. Louis to the lands 
furnished purchasers. For further information, ad¬ 
dress „ 1.. DICANE. 
Land Corn’r, St, Louis & San Francisco Bv. Co., 
N. W. cor. 5th aud Walnut Streets, St. Louis; Me. 
i/rrn in the right' 
I\LLr'»LATITUDE * 
1 ^ 
vm 
^ NEBRASKA^ 
1 s *LanoComwissioneh & 
f"a*i , ? r i| Y 7 S /FA Maps & general information rui-.i". 
8 L B fs by I lie Texas Land amJ Imiio i-.-i- 
B ol /a Jrn i% don Co. of St. Louis.Mo. Tlicr-nhi 
* Land Co.endois. dby iheSDttedf 
’ r c\as. Address P. It.Wood worth. See. Si. Louis, V-*. 
No afftbnm or catarrh here. 
Maps ami catalogues free. 
FARMS. 
J. F. MANCHA, 
Dover, Del. 
rspss fi 
