34 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
Series 4, Volume 64, Supplement 1 
Table 5. Summary of collembolans from California caves. Counts of genera and species are the maximum 
potential, but 15 taxa are as yet undetermined beyond order or family. Ecol. Class, is Ecological Classifica¬ 
tion. KM: Klamath Mountains; LFN: Lava Flows North; SNN: Sierra Nevada North; SNS: Sierra Nevada 
South; CR: Coast Ranges; BD: Bay Area/Delta; SV: Sacramento Valley. 
Order 
Family 
Num. 
Genera 
Num. 
Species 
Genera 
Ecol. Class. 
Regions 
Entomobryomorpha 
Entomobryidae 
6 
18 
Drepanura, Entomobrya, 
Entomobryoides, Pseu- 
dosinella, Sinella, 
Undetermined 
EP, TP, TB? 
BD, KM, LFN, SNN, 
SNS 
Entomobryomorpha 
Isotomidae 
1 
1 
Undetermined 
TP 
LFN 
Entomobryomorpha 
Oncopoduridae 
1 
2 
Oncopodura 
TP 
CR, SNN 
Entomobryomorpha 
Tomoceridae 
5 
14 
Plutomurus, Pogonog- 
nathellus, Tomocerina, 
Tomocerus, 
Undetermined 
TP, EP 
BD, CR, KM, LFN, 
SNN, SNS 
Poduromorpha 
Hypogastruridae 
4 
5 
Ceratophysella, 
Hypogastrura, Xenylla, 
Undetermined 
EP 
SNN, LFN, KM, SV? 
Poduromorpha 
Neanuridae 
1 
1 
Morulina 
EP 
SNN 
Poduromorpha 
Poduridae 
1 
1 
Undetermined 
BD, LFN, SNN 
Poduromorpha 
Onychiuridae 
3 
4 
Deuteraphomra, 
Psyllaphorura , 
Undetermined 
EP, TP, TB? 
KM, BD, LFN, SNN 
Symphypleona 
Dicyrtomidae 
1 
4 
Ptenothrix 
BD, KM, SNN, SNS 
Symphypleona 
Sminthuridae 
1 
1 
Undetermined 
BD, KM, LFN, SNN, 
SNS 
Symphypleona 
Arrhopalitidae 
2 
3 
Pygmarrhopalites, 
Undetermined 
EP 
LFN, SNS 
Symphypleona 
Undetermined 
1 
1 
Undetermined 
SNS 
Symphypleona 
Katiannidae 
1 
1 
Sminthurinus 
SNS 
Undetermined 
Undetermined 
1 
1 
Undetermined 
BD, CR, KM, LFN, 
MD, SNN, SNS 
Undetermined 
Undetermined 
1 
1 
Undetermined 
TB 
BD, LFN, SNN 
Totals 4 
13 
30 
58 
Insects (Class Insecta) 
Nineteen orders of the Class Insecta have been found in California caves. Of these, three 
(Archaeognatha, Isoptera, and Thysanoptera) are only accidentals in caves. Six orders 
(Ephemoptera, Odonata, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, and Trichoptera) are occasionally found in 
caves, either as aquatic or terrestrial immatures or as adults in entrance areas. At least in Califor¬ 
nia caves, they do not appear to be significant to the cave fauna. Of the remaining orders, two have 
troglobites (Zygentoma and Coleoptera), five have troglophiles (Psocoptera, Orthoptera, 
Notoptera, Hemiptera, and Diptera), three have trogloxenes (Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, and 
Hymenoptera), and one is represented only by parasites (Siphonaptera, fleas). The more important 
orders are discussed separately below. 
