266 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
Series 4, Volume 64, Supplement 1 
Hydromantes shastae Gorman (Shasta salamander) (trogloxene) 
Records: Shasta Co.: unspecified caves; small cave on Brock Mountain; limestone caves at the edge of Flat Creek Road 
in the narrow of Low Pass Creek (type locality); Ancient Palace Cave; Golinski Mine; Ground Zero Cave; *Jacob David 
Cave; Lakelevel Cave; Potter Creek Cave; Samwel Cave. 
Comment: This species is associated with limestone crevices and talus and prefers moist caves and fissures during dry 
weather. The female lays her eggs in crevices and broods the clutch. There is no aquatic larval stage. 
Bibliography: Anonymous (1989a); Behler and King (1979); Broeckel, B. (2001h, 2003c, 2009a); Bury (1972); Bury, 
Fellers, and Ruth (1969); Cooper (1979); Danehy (1953); Dearolf (1956); Funkhouer (1951); Gorman (1954, 1956, 1964); 
Gorman and Camp (1953); Halliday (1962); Honneger (1970); Jackson, M. (1992, 2009); Johnson, V. (1990); National Park 
Service (2004); Roots (1974); Stebbins (1972); Sweet (1986); Wolff, L. (1984, 1993, 1994b); Wolff and Wolff (1990). 
Family Salamandridae (true salamanders and newts) 
Taricha granulosa (Skilton) (rough-skinned newt) 
Records: Siskiyou Co.: Black Widow Cave; Creature Feature Cave; Sinking Waters Cave; Sisyphus Cave; Sky High Cave; 
Trail Junction Cave. 
Bibliography: Broeckel, B. (1991c); Graening (2011c). 
Taricha rivularis (Twitty) (red-bellied newt) 
Record: Mendocino Co.: Negro Hole Cave. 
Comment: Four were found just inside the dark zone among litter and in wall crevices, and five were found in the south 
passageway. This species is rarely seen. 
Bibliography: Christianson and Coambs (1970); Halliday (1962). 
Taricha sierrae (Twitty) (Sierra newt) 
Records: Calaveras Co.: one unspecified cave; Bobcat Cave; Cataract Gulch Cave; Grapevine Gulch Cave; Porcupine 
Cave; Thunder Cavern; Wool Hollow Cave. Fresno Co.: Millerton Lake Cave System. Mariposa Co.: Bower Cave; Pool 
Pit. Tuolumne Co.: McLean’s Cave; Snell’s Cave; Windeler Cave. 
Comment: An emaciated specimen was found dead in a pit trap in the lowest level of McLean’s Cave (Elliott, 1978). 
Bibliography: Anonymous (2011a); Christianson and Coambs (1970); Danehy (1952); Elliott (1978); Funkhouser (1951); 
Hargreaves (2014); McDonald (2012a); McEachem and Grady (1978); Mackey (2015); Rogers (2011b). 
Taricha torosa (Rathke) (California newt) 
Records: Los Angeles Co.: well near Santa Susana Pass. Santa Cruz Co.: Dolloff Cave; Empire Cave; IXL Cave. Tulare 
Co.: Deep Creek Cave; Lost Soldier’s Cave. 
Bibliography: Baumann (2004); Bogert (1930); Halliday (1962); Rogers (2013); Schmitz (2001). 
ORDER ANURA (frogs and toads) 
Undetermined 
Records: Amador Co.: *Moss Cave; *Rippled Cave. Calaveras Co.: *Bobcat Cave; *Carlow’s Cave; *Cave City Cave; 
*Cave of Skulls; *Dragon’s Breath Cave; *Gastropod Cave; *Heater Cave; *Keith’s Chasm; *Lower Calaveras Natural 
Bridge; *Moaning Cave; *Two Bit Pit. El Dorado Co.: *Hawver Cave. Fresno Co.: *Millerton Lake Cave System. Lassen 
Co.: *Eagle Lake Ice Cave. Los Angeles Co.: *Falls Creek Cave. Riverside Co.: *Cahuilla Creek Caves. Shasta Co.: 
*unnamed cave in Grinch Caves cluster; *Frog Cave. Siskiyou Co.: *Battle Creek Cave No. 2; *Elderberry Cave; *Lost 
Glove Cave. Tulare Co.: *Deep Creek Cave. Tuolumne Co.: *Crystal Palace; *McLean’s Cave; *Snell’s Cave. 
Bibliography: Baumann (2012, 2013b); Bischoff (1943); Chem (2014); Davis, S. (1942); Eastman (2011); Grile (2012); 
Hackman (1949); Healey (1991a); Hose (2001); Johnson, E. (1996b); Jones (1999); Keller (2009c); Lange (1954) McEach¬ 
em and Grady (1978); Orr, PC. (1952); Quick (1997c); Rogers, Russo, and Johnson (2010); Ross (2012); Russo (1999); 
Schmalenberger (2011); Schmitz (2001); Weaver (2007); Winterath (1971a); Wolff, J. (1981, 1982a); Wolff, L. (1997a, 
1998a, 2003d, 2009a, 2012b). 
Family Bufonidae (true toads) 
Undetermined 
Records: San Bernardino Co.: *Afton Slot Canyon Cave. Shasta Co.: *Cinder Pit Cave. Siskiyou Co.: *Harris Moun¬ 
tain Cave. 
Bibliography: Szukalski (2000a); Wolff, L. (2000a, 2001b, 2013c). 
