LEVITON, WOGAN, & ALDRICH: SCIENTIFIC BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE xiii 
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 1854-2010 
[an average of 59.9 new taxa were described annually but in fact in any given year, the rate varied consider¬ 
ably, ranging from 0 to a high of 331 in 1923]). 
With the closing of Volume 61 of Series 4 of the Proceedings , the Academy is preparing to venture forth 
into the electronic age of publication, to close its venerable Proceedings publications series and to launch a 
new approach to publication of contributions in systematics and biodiversity to take advantage of new tech¬ 
nologies, to provide open access to its wealth of scientific information, and to insure wider dissemination of 
information about the natural world in which we live. 
Acknowledgments 
We want to take this opportunity to thank California Academy of Sciences’ Librarian, Rebecca Morin, and 
Archivist, Danielle Castronovo, for their assistance in locating volumes of Academy publications and for the 
images, which are derived from the Academy Archives. Larry Currie, former Academy Librarian, also provid¬ 
ed significant assistance with our searches. And to Mark Aldrich, we owe a special thanks for assembling the 
graph (Fig. 1) showing the distribution of new taxa descriptions across the 156-year history of Academy sci¬ 
entific publications. 
Last but not least, we are indebted to our colleagues, Tom Daniel, Tomio Iwamoto, David Kavanaugh, 
John McCosker, and Gary C. Williams, who kindly checked selected sections based on their areas of expertise 
and helped us avoid embarrassing typographical and other errors. Needless to say, we are most grateful for their 
efforts, but we must also note that thoses errors that remain are our doing and for these not only do the authors 
accept full responsibility but apologize to all for their presence. 
Alan E. Leviton and Michele L. Aldrich 
References Cited 
See also author/year in main bibliography. 
Ayres, William O. 1854. [Descriptions of species of fish, believed to be new]. Proceedings of the California Academy of 
Natural Sciences, ser. 1, l(l):3-4. 
Curran, Mary Katharine Layne. 1885. List of the plants described in California, principally in the Proc. of the Cal. Acad, 
of Sciences, by Dr. Albert Kellogg, Dr. H.H. Behr, and Mr. H.N. Bolander, with an attempt at their identification. 
Bulletin of the California Academy of Sciences 1(3 [28 February]): 128-151. (see pp. 128-129) 
Leviton, Alan E., and Michele L. Aldrich. 1997. Theodore Henry Hittell’s California Academy of Sciences, 1853-1906. 
Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences, no. 22. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, 
xv + 623 pp. 108 portraits, 38 figs., Appendices A-M. 
