ON TIIE APPLICATION OF WATER-PRESSURE MACHINERY. 417 
“In the drawings now presented exactly such u case is offered by the crater 
Proclus, whose walls, by the way, are not broken through towards the north, 
as shown in the German map. 
“Equally difficult is it on any one map, and that on a small scale, to exhibit 
how completely the monster craters of Macrobius and Cleomedes, with the 
hi"h conical mountains N. and S. of Proclus, and the cliffy and vertically 
stratified ranges on the N.W. border of the Mare, disappear under a vertical 
illumination,— while then come forth tlu: bright radial markings of Proclus, 
and u large ami bright inroad into the Mare, completely altering its contour 
*t that part. Moreover, the crater of Proclus, with its internal walls so 
brilliant and so sharply defined, then becomes the prominent object of all 
tliit region, though with the side light it is least so. Hence Russell's idea 
wi'li his Lunar Maps, of keeping one sheet for the pbrenomena of a vertical 
light, and another for those of the side light, was good in principle; but the 
wall scale lie adopted, and the imperfect execution, render his plates useless 
for researches in the present day. 
“In conclusion, I have only to add, that of the large drawings,— 
No. 1 shows the Marc Crisium at New Moon; 
No. 2 „ „ Full Moon, or a little before, 
to show vertical illumina- 
tion; 
No. 3 „ „ Old Moon; 
ant j that in all of them most attention has been given to the N.W. region, 
j* 11 the craters there adjacent, while little or nothing has been attempted in 
10 re 8‘°u between the Mare and the moon’s limb. 
« C. P. S ” 
On the Application of Water-pressure Machinery. 
By W. G. Armstrong, F.R.S. 
[A communication ordered to be printed among the Reports.] 
", E om P%nient of water pressure as a mechanical agent having recently 
, a Sreat and rapid development, I may be permitted to make a 
... —j piL'iiminary experiments, 1 succeeded m cataniaming .~ 
•ii.-| 10 f * Ua ? nt Newcastle-upon-Tyne, the hydraulic crane which has termed 
^ of what has since been effected. . . 
the ! crane bolh lifted the weight and swung round in either direction by 
! ; n0 p U . re ( ’i water, uml was characterized, like all other hydraulic cranes 
in in, a '. temarteftble precision and softness of movement, combined 
fat rapidity of action! 
»x, n r ’f,.*l 1eri ™ ent tlms made at Newcastle having proved ® at ' sb ‘ c T to 7i’ 
tin; n.J.'T™ 18 obtaif) ed anthoritv, through the intervention of Mr. Hartley, 
tin: e n ... ' u . t ve y° r of Liverpool, to construct several cranes and hoists upon 
Cordit,,,|v l ,ri,lc M , l° the Albert Dock in that town, where they were ae- 
Tlip, » ani l bav « ever since continued in operation. 
I)ock u'l i ^ at which these cranes were adopted was Grimsby New 
iilad,. ^ a , n ' m P 0l, tent step in the advancement of this kind of machinery 
to t| l€i ow 1 lc 8u &gestion of Mr. Rondel, who pointed out its applicability 
extend ' n ^,. ant f closing of dock gates and sluices, and instructed me o 
1854. l ) P‘ ICat ion to those objects. An extensive system of water-pres- 
