ON TUB EQUIVALENCY OF STARCH AND SUGAR IN FOOD. 425 
the fixed allowance of the other pens; and after the third period, that is, at 
the end of six weeks, the fixed allowance of lentil-meal in pens 1, 2, and 3 
was increased from 3 lbs. to 3£ lbs. per head per day. In like manner, 1 lb. 
of bran per head per day was at first given in the peris 1, 2, and 3; but this, 
"!i the other hand, was much more than was taken of it by the pigs in pen 4. 
The fixed daily ration of bran per head was therefore, after the second period, 
mluced from 1 lb. to h lb., and, during the fourth and fifth periods, to £ lb. 
1 < r head per day. Still even this amount of bran was considerably more 
than that taken at will in pen 4. Rut one object of the experiment was 
to give a pretty full allowance of the cheaper ami less nutritious bran, in 
order to see whether, when mixed with pure digestible proximate principles, 
? liC " 88 Sugar and Starch, somewhat more of it could, without disadvantage, 
be employed. 
In pen 1, where, in addition to the fixed allowance of lentils and bran, a 
ugh was kept constantly supplied with Sugar, it is seen that during the first 
-"ir periods there was a gradual increase in the quantity of it consumed,— 
ic average consumption for the whole ten weeks being nearly 2 lbs. of Sugar 
V P er day. This purely non-nitrogenous substance constituted in fact 
ou one-third of the total food of the animals,—a range of amount, or 
liirnM ,0n °* ^l e consumption, sufficiently great to justify a judge- 
two \ comparison with that of the Starch, of the relative capacities of the 
aniinT StanCCS t0 meet the con »l ,,ex demand* of the system of a fattening 
f'-od P n n /l^ larcft was given as the purely noil-nitrogenous and ad libitum 
Vas ’ a t , lhe av erage consumption of it over the whole period of ten weeks 
rijn thai* 2 lbs. 2 oz. per head per day. More, therefore, was 
die t,ie Starch than of the Sugar; but it will presently be seen that 
ca^-s ®, l * le dry mbslance of the foods was almost identical in the two 
’i'upl'v dpn i ^ lcru / ore *I J< ’ apparently larger consumption of Starch was 
hi m>n a • . 0I1 ‘ ts con tnining more of water than the Sugar, 
a-, in npi ’ in " hich there was the same fixed allowance of lentils and bran 
Starch nr i complementary food consisted of both Sugar and 
lictuJ nrnm,,.* J , Se ,w<> » taken together, the average daily consumption per 
do 1 mixim * ,i f '° a * )oufc lbs. Considerably more, therefore, was eaten of 
•■Sect on ‘ an °. f eil,ier the Sugar or the Starch when given alone. The 
the case of S1 ,i^!? etlte °** 1,ie miirnal of a certain complexity of diet, even in 
lure iii„ sfr ' sta nces having in one sense equal food capacities, is therefore 
if hitroppn, ec ’ tllOU « , b owing probably to a somewhat defective proportion 
as will 8 COin P OUnds '»i the total food of this pen 3, we have not in this 
a corrc<mni! l p Se, i 1< '^ * Je seen > the advantage of this increased consumption 
food consumeu greQter l* ro P°vtion of increttso to the dry substance ot 
put t * IG lentil-meal, the bran, the sugar, and the starch vere 
' “hl-meal u. a . Se P arate trough, considerably more of the highly nitrogenous 
d^t With tl,i s la^ 11 t * UU1 *" . an ^ 1,10 otl,er eases. And it is remarka le, 
'"t of t| le s,, arger co,IPUUl ption of lentils, scarcely any free Starch is taken, 
““t only the v XX n,ore even than in pen 1, where no free Starch was allowed, 
'“['posing that u“’ a ? tl,e 0(1 Mitum food. This might be accounted for by 
l- 1 ' dm larger 1C * n P Pn 4- had a larger and sufficient supply ot stare 
[° rtlle 4nrlT t,ty , 0f le,, ‘ ils l; ‘hcn, and that therefore the system called 
be t 0 ihr'Ui tlan tl,e addition of starch in the free state; and this 
°f the nnl a »« e t,le result to a physiological requirement, apart from, 
Wi *s simply !. le sLon,ac h merely. It is, however, much more likely that 
y matter of palate and stomach; for in pen 3, where also both 
