8 
REPORT— 1854. 
and had the cable been less strong, the whole must, of necessity, have been lost; ud 
they were compelled, nevertheless, to anchor by the electric cable all night, to 
restore the injury that had occurred ; but he felicitated himself upon the experienn 
thus gained from his determination in taking the deepest route, as it had led to many 
valuable suggestions necessary to successful operations in great depths; and the • 
commander, the Marquis llicci, who up to this time had been in doubt of its »«««•. 
then admitted that this kind of cable contained such remarkable elements of strewt 
in its form and combination, that he believed only certain improvements to > 
necessary (on which we hud been consulting) to lay it down successfully mn it 
the greater depths of the Atlautic. Mr. Brett, in conclusion, explained his r«v>t» 
for selecting this line to India, ri« Egypt, in preference to the line by theIni u 
peniusula, which would ever he impeded by the jealousies and restrictions of iti 
petty States; whereas, to the shores of Africa, the Mediterranean Telegraph p»“‘ 
through only the States of France unci Sardinia, who had encouraged it bylibml 
guarantees, and admitted that all communications in whatever language should pa* 
unrestricted through their States. From Africa he stated he had two plans in c * 
templation for its extension to Egypt—one, a line dropped in the Mediterranean u. 
the shallow line near the coast, and another buried in the sand along the .ihor>- 
both of which he was satisfied might be laid secure from derangement of any i 
He then concluded with n statement of the labour and attention he had given ■ 
many years in preparing for the telegraph to America, and of the depth, on i■ |f h 
posed line, as recently ascertained by Lieut. Maury, of the United States, 
estimates of the weight and cost; and stated that a return of JplOO to 
day would give a fair interest on the necessary capital; that Ins plaf . 
several lines of communication ; and that he entirely deprecated the ideao 
line of communication, which he believed could not be done. 
On 
Magneto-Electricity and Underground ff 
liy Edward B. Bright, Liverpool. 
ovement ot the coil before the poles. The greatest tier 
currents occurs when the coil used is electro-magnetic (t. 
CO re). nsT.i' 
As applied to telegraphic purposes, the iron core of the coil, when at 
erves as a keeper to the magnet, though uot actually in contact wi 
hen worked by a key attached to the axle, the coil moves treely t .. 
e magnet, generating a current with each change of position, (! 
to actuate indicators nr ring bells at n distance. This principl e n 
system of the Maguetic Telegraph Company; all other Companies 
and America have adopted the galvanic battery. rllir i n «r three 
generating magnets have remaiued unimpaired in streng bat'-- 
wnnMl taut u SC (a period which a dozen consecutive sets of th'^ 
would have been worn out). The magnetic currents induced can** P f tfC h. - 
sub e rrane t0 a diBtance o fgg 0 miles (the greatest extent 
ductors in England) without any break or renewal of circuit- .^#4 
“f r f* urn < 0r currents from underground wires, wh ,ch a „j i:- 
io Jn L g 0f ? tl - lcr telegraphs, is applied in the magnetic 
from lt ’ beir ' s raade tD keep the indicating needles at « 
from a distant station. * ^elo^ 
whtn^ 1 ! fealure b underground wires is the small 
stone^a p*n!^ CtriC l Benaatiou passes through such conductors: 
frictional K , rHn ? n . ts on a short length of wire in a room ha ,. sUt h t® 1 
Vtnnot hJ CCtriC L ty PRS9 « n °arly 300,000 miles per second. L 
fessor WalkerWA pract,cal| y applied or insulated for'ttjfflfej 
l° n r lkerB (Amc 7 Cft ) give the speed of galvanic electricity tn * >«f,V 
ducfed P bvT S ^ ° nly l6 '° 00 P« ««»d; while /round ^ 
ducted by the engineer of the Magnetic Company on an undergrou 
