84 
REPORT—1854. 
Bengal, Beliar, Benares, &c., occurs in nodules in the alluvium, which at Calcutta 
is 500 to 600 feet thick. Near Benares it contains fragments of freshwater shell*, 
bouth of Madras, a dark clay abounds in marine shells used for lime-burning in pre¬ 
ference to the beach shells, as freer from salt. 
Laterite, or brick stone, of Buchanan, resembles the trass of the Rhine anil the 
l i pen no and lhutzolana of Italy, It extends to Malacca, Siam, Sumatra, Sinner*, 
c. It caps the loftiest summits of the Eastern and Western (ihauts, and Jim «« 
bottomed. Caverns are not uncommon in this rock. At 'J'mvnncorc ore belli of 
black clay and lignite, 50 and 00 feet thick, in the Uterite clifls. 
/ liocene ana Miocene .' —In the salt range of the Punjaub, the uppermost bid con- 
auis bones of elephant, hors*', o.\, great untelopc, lmcna, &c„ and tuny be 
to be a continuation of the Sevulik formation. Oil tlic plain between the Briti**' 
erritory and lhibet is a boulder-deposit, containing bones of Hippotlierium, Klnne- 
ceros, Llephant, and various Ruminants; Bones of the Mastodon and other niamnub 
lw luuse or a l 1C pp y . Wa , or i uiHamcs describes b clay wiui wi.---* 
like London clay, met with in sinking a well north of Gogo; it was reached »»*» 
teet and not passed through at 356 feet. Clay, with shells genetically like th‘*; 1 
the London basin, has been found on the banks of the Iruwadi, in Binnnli. Sil«'»~ 
shells were found by Voysey, between two layers of trap in the Decent.. Krngmenu 
“^hactroua stone, containing sand and freshwater shells (ot the' f r '" r 
and Cliam\ CV> '! ea t ^ n l 0 ’ Livmea, Pfa/sti, Paludinn, and remain* of y/’ • 
Sicliel Hills* U ° ° UIK 6,1 tangled in the trap, or scattered over its surface, u 
tabtZ7S a r^ encir "' le ‘he Persian Gulf, follow the chain of Elborus and ■ 
desceml th/If 111 r *» ch tl,c mountains of Caubul, and the Western l«m» k 
Hass flfrlin o S , f' nan * h «»> a, 'd follow that of Hula to the mouth of the I"' ; ■ 
ChmanooS tl ! e Uank tlf Himalaya to the confluence of the Gangr, 
cliistan to past’ ,ave heen traced along 25° or 26° in longitude, from ( 
Cu tet to the nofth of Cuahn *" of CulcutU ' und over 12 ° latil,ulc from tbeR 
extenth from n Pl' car that n branch from the muin body 
the Deccan J t a'?'? . ,h * b ««* * ‘he Persian Gulf. The cretaceous be ' 
wore nronnnnl by Newbold in 1840. The fossils of 
h l \ wt - F «beg Ncoco.nian, — those of Verdschellnm andTn^ 
.i„.n At rvnt-hianv roiisi<ien“ 
I „ —, me icruanes,— vnniruru, 
these irenprn n ,K " pCC,es of Vulu,a 1 it was inferred by Prof 
the greensand „nd 1<Mr ."f}p caranf ;c earliest in the Eastern sea*. Bocks j 
and °soft white Kentish rag, were observed by Dr. Jack in 
Borneo! Cha,k w,th ,J5 «*»ni at Bencoolen. Cretaceous bods also <**«' 
■h fe?.," rock (Movie,0- Th. 
careous slate in h ” U,U V*hy Copt. Grant, consisting of slaty cb) - 
varieties of yviSfeSS T*’ f , . rmin B hills capped with sandstone, 
Oolitic coni 9 Ti /'• ■dmmondet tlereeui, &c. m , rQtea r<h 
but it may perliaiJh r *‘ a,Sv ® position of the Indian coal has hitherto baffl^ grflu- 
w»y «£Cr s L ,hc Bnn ln catoi, t- 
cations. cr ywhere intersected with dykes, slip*, and 
Sb-a^^fc-SX* .1,0 part of lie Himalaya «■*<£?£ 
Several thousand fret in tlnckn 'IT I? 1 a!t ' 3 l’ ara,lel w,th *! ,c S ^“ijactf 
made up of fragments of slmll. ’ tbe n PP er portion being in some p brl ,h 
and fuller's e!?th/£ 'L° f rambling *^»££bM 
tnese are soft dark shales, with hard nodules 
