TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 
95 
iiaght of about 1300 feet above the bottom of the main valley. Similar pluenomena 
* • nbsorredin Nant-Francon and elsewhere ill Wales. In the case ol the ass of 
liubcris the ice and snow must have been more than COO feet thick at the top of 
+• l’ii“ to give the necessary inclination for the How of the ice down the valley, lor 
1 v> • it watershed at the top of the Pass is only about 1000 feet above the sea 
- *tcrcas the highest parallel groovings that follow the course of the main valley 
k- VniWn are about 1(300 feet above the level of the sea. The country was sub- 
• r'ndy depressed to a depth of about 21100 feet, the cold still continuing, and glucicrs 
‘•uiiller wale passed out to sea, and round the coasts marine moraines were de- 
f "1. further out at sea, on Moel Try tun and in other places, marine deposits 
' ' didli were formed either contemporaneously with these marine moraines, or 
- ’ubwquent oscillations of level bv the re-arrangement of the moraine matter. 
L'.'mi! the last emergence of the land the moraine-drift was cleared out of several 
! • P K* tW i V#lle y 8 seco, )d * et °f large glaciers (Nant-Francou, Llanberia), 
^ "■-‘its the drift still remains damming up many of the mountain lakes. These 
tucicrs gradually decreased in size, evidence of which may he found in the 
ll,nt occ ur in the valleys at ditieront levels. In Cwm Glas in the Pus* of 
- ns, there are several left by a retiring glacier, some of them arranged conecn- 
J W ; ' n tt “ Q ther, and this glacier finally disappeared in the highest recesses 
* ? | ln '. mcdiatel y north of the ridge of Crib-goch. The groovings made by 
p ! nil L® , w ottcn P asa across those made by the greater preceding glaciers. 
1 «tn IJ”* ,re( |ucntly form the dams of lakes,*and the roches moutonnes of the 
••' "1 the i* ■ * tr *wed with rochet perehfs which they have left. In the higher 
- ""••iit Va " e y s d* e grooves converge towards the hollow*, in the manner 
-• C cx l lectt 'd from the ice pressing or flowing downwurds to feed the main 
■'-'iiJ«Un f ^i 1S l eSea man y places exhibits the effects of ice. Large tracts 
' pn ri ttrtd hv u ’ P°' ls * lec li grooved and scratched, and in spite of the rougli- 
' Iwinc )>? 8U “ ae ^nent waste, the general form of the ground gives the idea 
' L| mo ~^ e, l by ice. The groovings generally run from 25° to 30° 
f ‘ The direction f? ^ sidos an< * a PI mreI ‘tl y over hills several hundred feet 
| nf ti, e S( n . ot t “ ese furrows seems to have no connexion with the mountain 
‘in the i 0 . . 0l ' ran ge. It has been customary to refer these and similar 
‘ •‘’•hi? natisfuctory^ 8 t0 icebergs. This solution does not appear 
Iju al\f hU Sandstone, and the Pahcozoic System of England . 
JUk Hev - P ™f®or Adam Sbdowick, F.R.S., F.G.S.* 
, JJ* Rer \y c ' 
^•‘'a'SSL e *“ bit f d some fossil remains of fishes from the Old Red 
me and the carboniferous limestone of Tortwortli. 
INE 
n Ie ^durian Anti • ' 
r i|| ‘Ty J LL.D nf C j[ e ?•(. Cavan, discovered by Professor John Iuwini 
. °9y to the /)„/';■ lT in ' Mining and Civil Engineer, Professor o 
Wh^.« m Chemical Society. 
f *- ,.y\ IVtrpc l l he VOc b ' n the district about Kilnalcck where the culm 
a , n ^ that b bi d } e Ap wer , Pal{ cozoie formntion, and not to the true coal 
^ v n i; . r, y-*late, havin' Ti at,t ' ir acite occurs there about 4 feet in thickness, in 
*'ri* V.o ‘l/'hout 370 _ f “ e »atne strike and dip as the accompanying rocks. 
L " hii I* described *’ y l , ,ie tnu ‘ mcr idinn, and the dip' soul h-east- 
N* K *** in ScoS V. r ° ? f U ;° locnlit r’ “ ml 8,tttcd * h « a bed of 
A ^,, v , r HlZZ Uon in Ireland grayWackc a,8 °* whl ^‘ hc supposes to be a con- 
* 'nTftfo^nd ifwr?' CU,rn at tUe meetin & of the British 
hraci *ih Cavan s a nlnl W ( - ty fl r u P!’ oses * h more than probable 
# 18 “ P ro<lu ction of the bed in Scotland, which extends 
** Philos ‘>Pbical Magazine for October 1854. 
