TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 97 
On some Materials for malting Paper. By T. C. Archer, Liverpool . 
The author remarks that Dr. Royle had brought under notice the fibrous materials 
<t India, and he seemed sanguine they would prove useful in making so necessary « 
■i' '*al as paper. From his own examination* ht»Vre*6l* he th ' rials 
■'(.i*.«harsh,and required too much labour to reduce them to a pulp sufficiently fine 
KtMking the ordinary letter-paper. Most vegetable fibre* could be modi into paper, 
- ! ll ' r ^ ore . ^ere was no fear as to the supply of materials for the courser kinds. 
• preitnt difficulty was to supply paper for printing and writing upon. Thi, paper 
•Si-jrfd to be extremely white, and smooth in texture. All materials from the Kast 
•j w^trtbowwrf.wem destitute of that roughness of surface in the cells re- 
V* ° ®| enaclous pulp, and when broken up they resembled straw, rather than 
° f *' nen rags broken to pieces. There wnn China grass, plantain 
w * { u. • , e oP f ^ e P a P er mulberry, and the aloe fibre. These and other 
Uii'l £L e T ned ' and the y a Ppeared perfectly smooth, hair-like tubes. I otton, 
''btl cells 1 ,, t ", use ' an< ? on, y afte r use, had both rough surfaces on their indi- 
it'ctuh ahniiU an ‘ m P IJr l ant point that cellular tissue used for paper 
•UMufjitachintfite ir* ^kcrent surface, rather than a strong fibre, which had the 
XaigunaUd InK f ! 0,t ? nei Sttbuuri n gfibtcs,and allowed the pulptobethoroughly 
'^•Ka. He believed ftSrtF 10 th ° I i ldies ' lle suggested they should go to South 
' -ibundantlv H h "5 u m I atcrials nf a proper kind for paper coul.I be procured 
v ‘*!‘ichhewtttah, enSrt ut led . t ' , . this ^inclusion by receiving a single sample of 
'■ ^ cut some : C0U S be ia unllTniled quantities. In those countries, the 
'• W| lh ^ the Smo of *k e . ra0r ° lu ? uriantl y thc >' E rew up. He was totally unable 
' ,j J see bv the , aH th , at was thc onl - v specimen he had seen. They 
I*''-”-* of cotton tl,ls w,w a Stable material, possessing all the 
>”• ^acMndlvid^l ’dn ad PI ''T " to !l *fcm.c3pic exa- 
•' !'" |, ' r: 'tura required t " 'V ' ,“ n '"“ rl,l<v ’ this he thought was 
l,,,|(J -gecl to tile TR ant , had ^ ® ■W* of H« 
-V, thought from the o»lm hy r « nC T , * an ' 1 WEl " ncar, y allied to the Lace-hark 
/- i o 0tl 0tht ‘r natural DrodncK^! l ?fi, SoUtl14 ArnPr,ca - from the grasses of the anvan- 
could be deriSid frr 1 / ? at C r°^ tlnent * morc tabic material, could be 
,T hC OUr UMt-rs when stripped 
Brazils, wo ld also yield a useful material. The material came 
'i^ P n^ r f Ve9Ht i le Organisms resembling the 
v!rir ,w »ticdthTmT;. ^ ,rofoR8or Balfod «> fm.sm. 
^cluJ 1 ^ d “l* u teB had occur?er? 88 ’| 0n i ha - d rpcent, y taken i' ,aco 0,1 the subject of 
^ * d ®fin^o«S a^?,^ h, f h ^ D . man y "'stances, depended chiefly on 
*t» of S 18 a r °<* variously const tm t ,°. th ^ (r own v , ieW8 to microscopic struc- 
- Jalt . ame coal-bed It t U ln d ' ,Tmut ’ocahties and even in different 
S^ regard ? gar,,H ’ ha ‘lnantitira of ash and carbona- 
in a11 Dr ‘ Half,mr "* at >*did not 
Siian iff*** ^Voody S •' n COn,fero ! 13 ^opd. No doubt in some in- 
^deiS eCoal - R ut cven the, R ar 5 le and dot - could be seen, us in 
II. such P .°| Sltive| y deciding the nhmt to . of punctated tissue must not always 
• sup|, 0 , | P^nts us DHtnun /r! \ ,0 coniferous, for the same structure 
/‘>ifi* ^ t0bec oni(^S. c nod /«.*««». .floridanum. Many 
* Uch as ore seen in 1 vcTn'f’ plUe<1 n»d modification’s 
•.r;"w».di;' l K“ na rsrn?u v t-vi v -' mh w- 
'■ W r<;,nere cell! n ° nd3 °f woody vessels n. B , f ° Ur 8ta,cd ,hat thc circular 
of th e present day. resinous matter might be allied 
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