Copyright © 2018 by the California Academy of Sciences 
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any 
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval 
system, without permission in writing from the publisher. 
Scientific Publications 
Publisher: Shannon Bennett, Ph.D. 
Chief of Science and Research Collections 
California Academy of Sciences 
Editorial Board 
A lan E. Leviton, Ph.D., Editor 
Katherine Piatek, M.A., Managing Editor 
Michael T. Ghiselin, Ph.D., Associate Editor 
Tomio Iwamoto, Ph.D., Associate Editor 
Gary C. Williams, Ph.D., Associate Editor & Website Coordinator 
Cover image 
Front cover: Figure 19 (page 83) California leaf-nosed bat, Macrotus californicus (photo 
by J. Scott Altenbach). 
Back cover: Figure 33 (above) (page 158) Cave myotis, Myotis velifer (photo by J. Scott 
Altenbach). Figure 3 (below) (page 14) Red fruit bat, Stenoderma rufum (photo by 
Michael Gannon). 
Cover Design 
Alan E. Leviton & Gary C. Williams 
California Academy of Sciences 
ISSN 0068-547X 
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