O’SHEA, CRYAN & BOGAN: UNITED STATES BAT SPECIES OF CONCERN 
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in the semi-arid Okanagan Valley of southern British Columbia (Woodsworth, 1981). They ranked 
eighth in relative abundance (two captures) in the same region during an earlier study where 351 
bats of nine species were taken in nets or traps over or near water (Fenton et al., 1980). 
California and Nevada: Fringed myotis were lowest in relative abundance (three bats cap¬ 
tured among 403 bats of 10 species) in mist-netting surveys in Whiskeytown National Recreation 
Area in Shasta County, California, where 47 sites between 256 and 1,899 meters elevation were 
sampled in a variety of habitats, ranging from chaparral to Douglas fir forests (Duff and Morrell, 
2007). A survey based on mist netting over water in old growth redwood forest in a Coastal Range 
locality of northern California failed to document this species among 142 bats of seven species cap¬ 
tured (Zielinski and Gellman, 1999). They were rarely taken in mist nets set over water in montane 
hardwood/conifer habitats along the upper Sacramento River in northern California (Siskiyou and 
Shasta counties), ranking tenth with just five individuals captured among 1,398 individuals of 15 
species documented during 1991-1995 (Pierson et al., 1996b). They were rarely taken at night 
roosts at bridges in the study area, where just three were captured in comparison with 2,132 indi¬ 
viduals of nine other species (ranking eighth in relative abundance; Pierson et al., 1996b). Simi¬ 
larly, fringed myotis ranked thirteenth of 17 species (five individuals among 390 bats) captured in 
mi st nets at 19 sites in the Sierra Nevada mountain range of California during 1993-1999, where 
they were considered rare (Pierson et al., 2001). In contrast, results of netting both over water and 
within forests in Yosemite National Park in the California Sierra Nevada Range, concentrating on 
groves of giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum ) trees, suggested that these bats were more 
common than six other species, ranking fourth among ten species with 44 captures among 284 indi¬ 
viduals in total (Pierson et al., 2006). Higher relative abundance of fringed myotis in the Yosemite 
study may in part have been due to proximity to subsequently discovered roosts, particularly in one 
grove of sequoias where they were the most frequently encountered species by both mist net and 
acoustic sampling (Pierson et al., 2006). 
Fringed myotis have not been commonly reported in surveys in Nevada. They were not docu¬ 
mented in mist-netting surveys encompassing five habitat zones (ranging from Mojave mixed 
desert scrub to alpine) in the White and Inyo Mountains of California and Nevada, although about 
2,000 bats of 13 species were captured (Szewczak et al., 1998). They also were not documented in 
mist-netting surveys over water in west-central Nevada in habitats categorized as desert shrub, 
pinon-juniper woodland, or deciduous riparian trees, where a total of 299 bats of 11 other species 
were captured (Kuenzi et al., 1999). Mist netting over water and captures at abandoned mines and 
tunnels in six habitat zones of eastern Nevada documented 578 individuals in twelve species, but 
no fringed myotis (Ports and Bradley, 1996). However, Hall (2000) documented the species in 
Great Basin and Mojave Desert habitats on the Nevada Test Site in south-central Nevada, ranking 
tenth with 28 captures among more than 2,000 individuals of 13 species sampled over water. 
Southwestern U.S.: Arizona : Fringed myotis ranked fourth in abundance among 15 species 
(122 bats captured out of 1,673 individuals) netted over water during 1993-1995 in ponderosa pine 
and ponderosa pine-Gambel oak woodlands at 2,200 to 2,600 meters elevation on the Coconino 
Plateau of northern Arizona (Morrell et al., 1999). This species also ranked fourth in abundance 
among 17 species of bats (142 captured of 1,171 total bats netted) taken over water mostly in 
ponderosa pine and pinon-juniper habitats of the Arizona Strip in northwestern Arizona (Herder, 
1998). They ranked sixth in relative abundance (135 taken among 1,441 individuals of 14 species) 
captured in combined low severity and high severity burn areas (two and three years post-fire) in 
ponderosa pine forest at 2,345 to 2,686 meters in the Apache-Sitgraves National Forests in east- 
central Arizona (Saunders, 2015). However, they ranked lowest in relative abundance (one bat 
among 353 individuals of 15 species) in ponderosa pine forests at 1,350 to 1,930 meters along the 
