316 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
!*» MAY 48 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
Practical Departments: 
Clover, How to U*8—W- J- Fowler .. . , ..... 309 
Potato Culture-Prof 1 P. Roberts (Illustrated). 309 
Hirlna Help and Overseeing Work-Prof. W. J. 
Beal. 310 
Man ure, 8nren d i ne.. ■... ■ - — “ J 
Jottin . s at Ki bv Homestead-ColF. D. Curtis... 310 
Kiowe.rinc Shrubs. Handsome— William Falconer 3111 
Carpet Redding (Illusi rated .. 311 
Wrist Sllftll I t lnnt: No. 3-Wl liam Persons...,. Sit 
11 Havini: Fyea. they 8eu not Cha>. W. Garfield 311 
Tea, Amerles b. -••••••■ :• .“)? 
Grass Burner. Tlie Mennoulte ^Illustrated).313 
Noted Tro.ters—No 6 llHua'tated)—.3I~ 
Lawn Mower, An Kjceolient(Illustrated). 3 3 
Cooler System, The (Illustrated). 313 
Bake. The -'Reindeer''.313 
Pump, The Fountain i Illustrated). 313 
Knife Grinder. Worcester’s (Illustrated). 3.3 
Tborougbnrcd Swine and Herd Books.313 
jinsicers to Correspontmits: 
Manure for Root Crops......3U 
Cows Sucfenic Themselves, To Prevent.311 
Pouvhkeeps'r, Soinething About. 814 
Chnfas Attain.314 
ButteT. Tla'denine. .3U 
Hen Manure for Tobacco. 314 
House. Plan of a $2 4) or $30.). 314 
Beaucarnca recurvata.314 
Miscellaneous Answers.314 
Everywhere: 
Gathering Cattle on the Plains.314 
Fruit Gleanings. . 3 4 
Rural Ci itlcisms... . . 3]4 
Sherman, N. Y.31? 
West Jersey, 111.315 
Dunnsville, Va........ Jlo 
Coining, N. Y.315 
Carlisle. N. Y.. 3 5 
Middlesex Co., N. J. 315 
Little Falla, N. Y. 315 
Utica, N. Y. 31o 
Domestic Economy: 
Siftings from tbe Kitchen Fire. 320 
Preservation of Woolens and Furs. 320 
Domestic Recipes..... 320 
Queries Answered.320 
Markets.................. 320 
Editorial page: 
Stock Husbandry.316 
Bedding Plants. Putting out.... 31b 
Pleasing the Childton. 310 
Japan Maples, 'l’he. 316 
Suggestive. 31b 
Liquid Manure for Cabbages. 310 
Brevities..,... 310 
Literary; 
Poetry.317,319,322 
The Country Cousin.317 
( ora.318 
Recent Liteiature.318 
Bric-a-brac. 319 
Influence of Women. ....... 8)9 
News of the Week.320 
Reading Tor the Young: 
Pocket-Money for Young People: No. 2 — 8. 
Rufus Mason. 322 
Character and Conduct Benjamin Clarke.322 
A Visit to a Model School—8. ii. P. 322 
Sabbath Reading : 
A Word by the Way.322 
Personals.3v3 
Wit and Humor.■ • • 
Advertisements.315. 321,323, 324 
whole subject of breeding and feeding. 
This will be a powerful incentive to edu¬ 
cation where most needed. Stock hus¬ 
bandry must hereafter become one of the 
largest specialties in our agriculture, and 
it will be our aim to keep the readers 
of the Rural thoroughly informed of its 
progress. 
PUTTING OUT BEDDING ‘.PLANTS. 
In our desire to fix up our gardens and 
to get rid of the care of house-plants that 
have become etiolated or diseased, we are 
tempted to put them out before danger 
of frost is over. The present early spring 
makes ns more than usually perplexed. 
The ground, however, is becoming warm, 
and we do not think it unwise to accept 
the season as we find it, and to pnt out 
our bedding plants at least two weeks 
earlier than in past seasons. It is impos¬ 
sible to avoid some risks in this latitude, 
as, judging from our own Bection of coun¬ 
try, frosts are not surprising visitors as 
late as the first of June. At any rate 
we need no longer fear frost from which 
a very slight covering will not prove an 
effectual protection. Turn out all plants 
which have been raised from last fall s 
cuttings with as little disturbance of roots 
as possible. When older plants are 
found to be root-bound,the compact mass 
should be broken so as to disengage the 
entangled roots and give them a new di¬ 
rection. The neglect of this often pre¬ 
vents a plant from flourishing — for the 
hard mass of roots will throw oft’ any 
wet that falls upon it, and the plant will 
suffer in consequence. It is sometimes a 
good plan to place such masses of roots 
and earth in warmish water until every 
part has become saturated. Then the 
fibers may be disentangled without inju¬ 
ry. Iu transplanting, press each plant 
firmly in the soil and give it a good 
drenching. It should, however, be borne 
in mind that weakly plants, if the ground 
is already moist,, are not benefited by 
water. The roots, in fact, will extend 
themselves more rapidly in a dryish, 
warm soil than iu one made cold and sog¬ 
gy by over-watering. 
-*-*-♦- 
PLEASING THE CHILDBEN. 
THE 
RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
PUBLISHED EVERT SATURDAY. 
RURAL PUBLISHING CO., 
78 Duane Street, New York City. 
SATURDAY, MAY 18, 1878. 
STOCK HUSBANDRY. 
American agriculture will date a new 
era from the discovery of a cheap and 
safe method of shipping its meat, fresh 
in the quarters, for European consump¬ 
tion. It is not simply the new market 
opened for our meat that is so significant of 
future profit, but it is the stimulus that this 
will afford the American farmer to study 
the best system of stock-keeping, which 
must be the foundation of any permanent 
system of profitable agriculture. Any 
country that depends largely upon the 
sale of the raw material of its crops to be 
used in other countries to feed their 
population or stock, is on the sure road to 
deterioration and decay. Stock feeding 
must be the great reciprocating agency 
between production and compensation of 
tbe soil. It matters not how much pro¬ 
duction may be stimulated if its compen¬ 
sation be equally great France and 
Germany have learned to produce their 
immense consumption of sugar from their 
own soil by the culture of the sugar beet, 
and yet both countries carry more stock 
than before. The refuse of the beet pnlp, 
after the extraction of the sugar, contains 
all the valuable elements taken from the 
soil, and this, being fed to stock, returns 
them again to the soil. But suppose 
these beets bad been sold and shipped 
out of the country, what would have been 
the result during the last half century ? 
This impetus given to cattle raising in 
this country will soon show our farmers 
the folly of shipping ten pounds of oorn 
at the price of one pound of beef, and 
paying the immense difference in trans¬ 
portation out of their own pockets. The 
corn will be fed, the fertilizing elements 
going hack to the soil, and the concen¬ 
trated product exported at one-eighth the 
cost with a liberal profit. This market 
oomes also on just the right terms to pro¬ 
duce the best effect upon the character of 
our agriculture. This beef and mutton 
must be of the best quality, or it cannot 
be sold except at a loss. The farmer, 
therefore, who would feed stock for the 
foreign market must study how to pro¬ 
duce the best animals; must study the 
Some little girls, the youngest class of 
a private school in an adjoining city, fol¬ 
lowing the custom of their elders, de¬ 
termined, a few days ago, to hold a fair 
for the benefit of some orphans. The 
matter had been fully and properly can¬ 
vassed, price of admission (five cents) 
agreed upon, fancy-work commenced, 
contributions solicited, lotteries arranged, 
and all seemed to be working nicely 
after the manner of grown folks. The 
question where the fair was to be held 
was the only one unsettled, and this for a 
while bid fair to be an obstacle that 
would block the wheels of progress and 
turn into an utter failure an enterprise 
that had been commenced with such high 
hopes of abundant success. At whose 
honse shall the fair be held ? There was 
sickness at one, company at another; 
one’s mother was too busy and another’s 
thought it would be too much trouble. 
At last a little tot, the tiniest of the 
class, said, “ I think you can have it at 
our house. My mother says nothing is 
too much trouble when it pleases her 
children. I know she will be glad to have 
you come.” 
Thus spoke the child of a wise woman. 
We want no further evidence of her wiB- 
dom than the testimony of her child, 
given in that simple, artless way. We 
wish we knew her, that we might do her 
reverence in person as we do now in 
spirit. Brighter than any jewels in Vic¬ 
toria’s crown shines her motherhood. 
For her example in the treatment and 
home education of her children she de¬ 
serves tbe thanks of the world. But do 
we not see, in the effect of the teaching of 
this mother in a more lowly station, the 
same wise treatment that produces 
the same effect on her children and all 
around her ? Is there a mother of any 
one of those little school girls, who will 
not feel a reproof when she hears her 
child Bay—“ Marie’s mother says nothing 
is too much trouble to do for her children. 
If there is, we are sorry for her, and for 
her children and her children’s children. 
Home influence is in this country too 
often unappreciated. Parents are too 
much occupied with the labor of accumu¬ 
lating worldly wealth to attend to the 
home instruction of their children. They 
are entirely will'ng to give all the money 
necessary to pay lor instructions in school 
or college, but cannot spend the time to 
give them personal attention. 
The education of children Bhould be¬ 
gin with their earliest infancy. Lessons 
of obedience, respect, confidence and love 
should be taught long before school 
days commence, and be taught in a spirit 
of confidence and love. When your 
child believes in you and knows that you 
are willing to do every possible thing 
you consider for his good; when he trusts 
you because there has never been occa¬ 
sion for doubt, you have laid a foundation 
for an education that will be excellent 
even though that, child never sees the in¬ 
side of a school-house. Wbat greater 
confidence can be expressed than that 
by the child who said, “It is true, for 
my mother says so, and when she says a 
thing is so, it is whether it is so or not,” 
Not very correctly put, perhaps—but we 
all know what it means—-that if mother 
says a thing is so, it will prove to be so, 
no matter how improbable it may look at 
present. 
This topic furnishes a good opportunity 
to introduce an argument in favor of the 
education of women, but we will not im¬ 
prove it further than to say that in 
our opinion if liberal education can be 
given only to a part of the family, the 
girls should have it. The influence of on 
educated mother in a household can 
scarcely be overrated. She is with the 
children every hour of their infancy, just 
when the twig that shall grow to be the 
tree is susceptible of being bent. And 
words spoken in a proper spirit, at a 
proper time, are seeds sown that will bear 
rich fruit in after years. 
There is a little book entitled Bits of 
Talk About Home Matters. We wish it 
could be read by every woman in the 
land. There is many a child that would 
be the gainer by it. And many a mother, 
we think, would gather wisdom from its 
pages. 
-- 
THE JAPAN MAPLES. 
Of the many beautiful hardy plants 
we have been among the first to com¬ 
mend to the public, there are few which 
promise to give a keener satisfaction than 
the Japanese Maples. Of these, it will 
be remembered, sketches of leaves were 
presented in our issue of June 1st, 
’76. There is hardly any doubt of the 
hardiness of these beauties for this cli¬ 
mate, while for intricacy of leaf and 
delicacy and richness of coloring, we do 
not know of any other hardy trees that 
will at all compare with them. We do 
not understand why these Maples are 
so Beldom referred to by English horti¬ 
cultural journals unless it is that the 
climate is less favorable to them than 
ours. Certain it is that all of our 
friends who have seen these exquisite 
plants, are quite charmed with their ap¬ 
pearance, and we know of several gentle¬ 
men who at a considerable cost have pur¬ 
chased a specimen of each of the many 
varieties now offered for sale. In the 
matter of urging certain shrubs and trees 
upon the notice of our friends, we have 
endeavored to be both well-advised and 
conscientious, so that we could not be re¬ 
garded by those influenced by our words 
a6 a oause of disappointment and so that 
we might both inspire and maintain their 
confidence. With such thoughts quite 
alive iu our minds we are ready to repeat 
all we have said in praise of the Japanese 
Maples. 
-- 
Suggestive.—Attend to Roses. Look 
to the buds inserted last summer and cut 
off those on the stocks that interfere 
with their growth. Give liberal dress¬ 
ings of manure if not already done. All 
sorts of bedding plants may be set beside 
spring bulbs, such as Tulips, Hyacinths, 
(kc. Then when the foliage of the latter 
begins to wither, it may be out off at the 
surface of the ground and the beds re¬ 
main entire to the bedding plants. Keep 
down all blossom shoots of Rhubarb, 
which only exhaust plants. Weed all 
onion and oarrot beds assiduously, and 
give the Asparagus plot careful attention. 
Nothing is gained by putting out Egg 
Plante, Peppers and Tomato plants before 
the ground is warm and the weather un¬ 
mistakably settled. Sow radishes every 
week. Also broad Beans, Peas and 
Sweet Corn. Keep the mixture of sifted 
coal ashes, sulphur and hellebore, recom¬ 
mended in Brevities constantly on hand 
and ready to bo used after every shower 
or oftener if needed. Look to the leaves 
of fruit trees and destroy every vestige of 
tent-caterpillars. The above mixture, if 
thrown up among the leaves of trees in¬ 
fested with slugs while the dew is upon 
the leaf, will dislodge them at once. Fi¬ 
nally, consider how much more satisfac¬ 
tory a weel-kept garden is than one 
which is always half neglected and that 
if we are to derive a maximum benefit 
from our gardens, it pays to keep them 
in perfect order. 
-- 
Liquid Manure for Cabbages. 
— Whut Cabbages, Brussels Sprouts 
and Cauliflowers need is a good start be¬ 
fore dry weather. Of course it is well to 
have the ground made rich. Last sum* 
mer, however, we tried the experiment 
of planting them in a rather clayey soil 
without any manure whatever, and feed¬ 
ing them with liquid manure which was 
kept in flour barrels near at hand. The 
variety was the Early Flat Dutch, and 
they proved the largest and heaviest we 
have ever raised. The manure was taken 
fresh from the Btable and thrown in the 
barrels which were kept filled with water, 
or as nearly so as their tightness would 
allow. 
BREVITIES. 
“ The buyer needs one hundred eyes, the sel¬ 
ler only one.” 
We were thinking what our agricultural and 
horticultural writers would do without the word 
judicious. 
According to latest reports, Oregon and Cali¬ 
fornia will have a larger crop of wheat than has 
ever before been known there. 
For the purpose of making the off-year of 
fruit trees a bearing year—suppose we give the 
trees a heavy dressing of manure in the fall of 
the bearing year ? 
We have found it necessary this month and 
last to go over our lawus with the lawn-mower 
every four days. The interval between cuttings 
has never been so short before. 
Farmed Smith does not oppose the use of 
commercial fertilizers, entertaining the belief 
that a good farm, like a good piece of meat, 
only requires basting with its own drippings. 
Prof. Cook of the Micb. Ag. College advises 
wheat-growers where the Hessian Fly prevails, 
either to pasture or mow the infested fields after 
the eggs are deposited and before they hatch. 
According to horticultural writers of the 
present day, there are a great many Kings and 
QueenB among trees, shrubs and plants gener¬ 
ally. The fact is they constitute a royal family. 
A man that will kick a good horse 
"Is fit for treasons, stratagem ami spoils ; 
The motions of his soul are dark as Erebus; 
Let no suoli man be trusted.’ 1 
A few evenings ago, we counted fifty men 
standing outside the gentlemen’s cabin on the 
ferry-boat betwen New York and Jersey City, 
Twenty-five were smoking. There is a great 
fascination about Bmoking. Can any one de¬ 
scribe it i Can any one tell just why he loves 
to smoke ? 
Mr. Meeuan exhibits at the Paris Exposition 
capsules, seed-vessels, seeds &c., representing 
the forestry and horticulture of America. The 
only other representation of American horticul¬ 
ture will ho by the Iowa State Horticultural So¬ 
ciety, which will exhibit the models of apples 
made by it for Col. Brackett. 
There is no greater fallacy, says the Rev. J. 
Farmer of Nottingham, (Eng.) than that the 
whiter bread is, the better and more nourishing 
it is. For the more wheat is refined the more 
gluten iB taken away, audfinaDy scarcely any¬ 
thing but starch is left. It has been discovered 
that there is & ferment in the bran which aids 
digestion. 
President Bebckmans— of the Georgia Hort. 
Sooiety—says that the Alexander Peach ripened 
with him at Augusta, upon young trees, as early 
as the 25th of May. Amsdeu iipcns at about 
the same time and the Beatrice ton days after. 
He has sent the Alexander by mail to several 
persona North, and they arrived in fine condition, 
The Beatrice, though it carries well, is rather 
too small for shipping. Early Louise and Early 
Rivers are excellent for home use. 
How sweet is learning! Listen to the Rev. Jos. 
Cook.— “ Our conversation had turned upon the 
new Idealism and 1 had asked the Professor if he 
did not think that the plastic nature of the Kant¬ 
ian Antinomies might hot be explained by particu¬ 
lar reference to tho 1 VYeltgeinDthlichkeit ’ of 
Tauler, as explicated in his 'Geachiohte Zua 
Elkeuutniss flea Menschlichseeleufinstermss. ’ 
He did not speak for several hours.” We should 
suppose it would have that effect. 
A valuable mixture to keep on hand at this 
Beason is ono of coal ashes, sulphur and helle¬ 
bore. The ashes should be very fine. It is best 
after panning them through the ordinary coal- 
ash sieve. To one pailful of ashes thus sifted, 
add a quart each of Hour of sulphur and helle¬ 
bore and mix together. For currant worms, 
plant lioe, cabbage tleas, slugs on pear trees, 
melon bugs, we found this bo effectual last 
season, that we confidently recommend it to 
our readers. It is always be t to use it in tbe 
cool of themoruiug while the dew is upon the 
leaf. 
Many people are too apt to conceive that suc¬ 
cess, eminence in the various walks of life, may 
be gained at a jump; that it depends upon 
something else beside thought, study, endeavor. 
They start out with imperfect ideas of the ob¬ 
stacles before them, and fancy that a little of 
ingenuity, cleverness, of extra ondeavor, will 
accomplish for them what it has quite failed to 
accomplish for thousands of others. This oomes 
from the hopefulness, the buoyant aspiration of 
inexperienoed youth. Later, the hard fact 
presses upon them that all of the real success 
they have met in life has been due to study, ob¬ 
servation—to hard work. 
Mr. Kino, a Scotch agriculturist, says that the 
groatostmislaUe whichhehas overseen committed 
in connection with tho employment of lime, is 
that of mixing it with manure before application. 
In these days of enllghteumeut it is alrnoBt in¬ 
credible that such ah egregious error as this 
should be committed, and yet the perpetration of 
this species of absolutely inexcusable wastry is 
not so very rare. When farmyard manure, at 
leaBt after it has been kept for some tune, is 
so treated with lime it iu almost entirely destroyed 
aud the value of many other manures, by similar 
treatment, would bo very much loosened- Lime 
should never be allowed to come in contact with 
the manure, at all; aud if it could be arranged 
conveniently, these two substanoes should be ap¬ 
plied to the land at diff erent times. 
