THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
JULY 27 
ilomcstit drtononiB. 
CONDUCTED BY EMILY MAPLE 
THE WAY IT IS DONE. 
MRS. A. K. STORY. 
When we consider that, given the requisite 
knowledge, it is as easy to make good bntter as 
poor, providing one is willing to take the needful 
pains, it becomes a marvel why there should 
be so much of an inferior quality produced. 
Plenty of water for the cows not simply night 
and morning, but so provided that they might 
have access to it at all times, and a cool airy 
room for the milk, are the first requisites, and 
without them it is next to impossible to have 
good butter. 
Western bolter, apart from the “creamery," 
takes a low rank in the Eastern markets, and 
judging of what is sent out by the other West¬ 
ern Slates, from what we know of what goes, 
and how it goes, from Michigan, it is not to be 
Wl tiered at. At present butter brings ten 
cents per peund in Lansing, and is corres¬ 
pondingly low all over the State, not excepting 
in Detroit. One would think this price would 
cause makers to hold on to it; but, in the main, 
ltdoeBnot. Butter is at present a drug in the 
market, the East having a tendency to keep it 
so. 
Every grocer has constituted himself a ship¬ 
per on a small or large scale, aB the case may be, 
and oh ! to Bee the way in which the butter is 
“putdown" by the clerks. Good, bad aud in¬ 
different jumbled together in oily stickings! 
The golden rolls sent in by some one who knows 
how bntter should be made, go into the firkin 
along with a lot of greasy-looking stuff out of 
which the buttermilk oozes unotiously as it is 
ladled aud pressed down. 
When the Bupply throughout the State only 
about equalfl the local demand, grocers respeot 
the palates of their customers, in so far at 
least as to look at the bntter they take in, but 
when once the packing season begins, there is 
an end of this. The butter comes in crocks, 
pails, pans nud various nondescript utensils and 
generally is not so muon as uncovered till it is 
ready to be weighed out and paid for. Then 
if a lot is found to be particularly fine, it is 
put aside for the home trade and the rest is 
squashed iuto the firkin, headed up and sent off 
to be eaten by whomsoever has a taste for it. 
It ought, to be a shame for a great State like 
Michigan, that any product of her soil should go 
forth to bring her discredit. It is not the gro¬ 
cers who are most to blame in this matter, though 
it would 6eem that a little care bestowed in pur¬ 
chasing, rejecting such as is manifestly unfit for 
the table, aud properly assorting the lots so as to 
produce a uniformity in the contents of each fir¬ 
kin. would have a beneficial result, not only aB 
yielding larger returns, but as having a tendency 
to work a change in the quality of the butter of- 
ered : for pride will do sometimes what nothing 
else will, and the housewife must be sadly lack¬ 
ing in pride who would be content to have her 
butter of an inferior grade when its inferiority is 
likely to be noticed, aud its value weakened in 
consequence, But the main trouble lies with 
the farmers themselves, and instead of com¬ 
plaining of the prices they reoeive, they should 
seek the remedy in packing their own butter and 
holding it till the state of the market will war¬ 
rant its shipment. This is already done by 
many farmers, and especially by such as have 
come to look upon the butter product of their 
farms as eomethiDg more than an offset against 
their grocers’ bills. But with too many there 
seems to be a disposition to be satisfied if the 
family cow supplies the family tea-pot and sugar- 
box. 
This feeling as to the littleness of what might 
be made a source of wealth, is destined to un¬ 
dergo a change. Even now, in many portions 
of the State, grain-raising is—though to a lim¬ 
ited extent—giving place to stock-raising and 
dairying. Michigan—many parts of it at least— 
is as well adapted to the latter, as it has long 
been known to be to the former. This the re¬ 
ports of the various cheese-factories and cream¬ 
eries scattered through the State fully show. 
Clinton Co., Mich., June, 1376. 
TO CAN GREEN PEAS. 
Seeing an inquiry for a successful method for 
canning green peas, I append the following ex¬ 
perience, knowing if the directions be striotly 
followed, t.hut success will infallibly be the re¬ 
ward. Never attempt to can peas in glass or 
earthenware, as all efforts in that line, so far as 
I have knowledge, have proven unsuccessful. 
One should provide himself with strong, new tin 
cans, and the necessary conveniences for solder¬ 
ing. Another important feature is that the peas 
should be fresh from the vines, and cooked as 
soon as shelled. Boil (he peas in water sufficient 
to cover, for ten or twelve minutes, seasoning 
with a little salt. Then fill the cans two-thirds 
full of peas, adding enough of the liquor in 
which they were boiled to fill to tho brim. Wipe 
the groove dry, put on the cap, and solder air¬ 
tight at once. Make a small puncture in the 
center of the top, and place the oans in a boiler 
of hot water, to boil for an hour and a half. It 
is best to have something at the bottom of the 
boiler—broken crockery, wooden slats, in fact 
anything to keep the oans off from the bottom. 
Now, take the cans from out the boiling water, 
one at a time, and open the punoture with a 
needle, to allow of the escape of gas and Bteam. 
Then solder it tightly, and return to the boiler 
to boil two hours longer—even three will do no 
harm. If, at the expiration of this heroic treat¬ 
ment, the cans are still air-tight one need have 
little fear of fermentation of their contents. 
Mary B. 
-♦ ♦♦ - 
BAKED PORK AND BEANS. 
It may be granted that there is not a cook 
that does not “ know beansbut that there are 
many who do not know how to cook them properly, 
is a positive fact. Now, I will give you mother’s 
way whioh I have never known to be excelled, 
but if there is a better way I should be pleased 
to know it. Three hoars before dinner-time put 
on a nice piece of salt pork to boil, and about 
the same time put the beans to book in another 
kettle, with muoh more water than enough to 
cover them; stand on the back of the stove at 
first so that they will swell nicely before boiling. 
When they have boiled about twenty minutes 
drain off the water and put on more, which 
should he boiling at the time. When they are 
very tender and begin to break, dip enough salt 
water from the pork to season them. If the 
pork is not yet tender, set the beans on the back 
part of the stove, for they will burn very easily 
after they begin to break. When the pork is 
boiled enough—it will generally be tender in about 
two hours—take the beaus out into a dripping- 
pan and plaoe the pork in the center ; out 
through the rind where it «to be siloed, aud 
sprinkle black pepper over the whole. The 
beaus must be quite juicy when put in the oven 
or they will be very dry when baked. A spoon¬ 
ful or two of molasses in half a oup of water, 
spread over before baking, make them brown 
nicely and also give them a good flavor. We 
usually boil the potatoes for dinner in the water 
the pork was boiled in, taking oare to reduce it 
if too salt. Mrs. S. C. 
Wayne Co., N. Y. 
-♦♦♦- 
DOMESTIC RECIPES. 
Green* 
Many people are too fastidious to eat greens, 
but let such remember; " Better is a dinner of 
herbs where loveiB, than a stalled ox, and hatred 
therewith." Mixed greens are far nicer than all 
of one kind. One-third horse-radish leaves and 
two-thirds narrow-dock—yellow rooted—make ay 
appetizing dish, while beet leaves and mustard 
are far better mixed than either alone. All 
greens should be thoroughly looked over and 
cleansed from any impurities. Put them into 
boiling, Balt water, and boil until tender, whioh 
will be in about one half-hour, although the 
narrow-dock will be tender in ten minutes’ time. 
Drain, and press out all tho water, mix in a 
lump of butter, smooth off, out in squares and 
send to the table hot. 
Rose Leaves. 
These are nice to put in cake. Gather as 
many as wished, chop fine, mix in a little white 
sugar, spread on plates and dry. When perfect¬ 
ly dry, pack in oans and keep air-tight. 
D. IV. J. 
Com Pone. 
Will some of the Rural housewives give a re¬ 
cipe for making and baking the old-fashioned 
corn pone ? Can Bald pone be baked in the 
usual baking pans of the stoves of the present 
day? w. e. l. 
To Pickle Blaok-Walnuts. 
Gather the nuts before the shells are hard, 
which may be known by piercing them with a 
pin, and let them soak in strong salt and water 
for one week, stirring them every day, and 
changing the water every other day. At the ex¬ 
piration of a week let them drain and remain in 
the open air until they turn blaok. Prepare 
some good cider vinegar , and to e&oh quart al¬ 
low one-fourth of an ounce each of cloves, 
black pepper, ginger, maoe, Jamaica pepper 
and an ounce of salt. Bring to the boiling 
point and pour over the walnuts. When cold, 
turn off and again heat, pouring it over as be¬ 
fore. Tie down with a bladder and let stand 
three months. If then they are to be kept any 
length of time, it is best to prepare fresh vine¬ 
gar, with the same proportions of spice and salt; 
boil five or ten minutes and pour hot over the 
nuts. 
Pickled Chicken. 
Boil three chickens until the meat will fall 
from the bones; remove the meat as whole as 
possible and put into a stone jar; add to a pint 
of the water in whioh they were boiled enough 
vinegar to cover the meat; season with cloves, 
allspice, pepper and salt and pour hot over the 
chicken. 
Clam Stew. 
Wash fifty hard-shell olama clean and put in a 
kettle with a half pint of hot water ; let them 
s imm er and steam until the shells open; then 
take out of the Bhells, strain the juioe and re¬ 
turn to the fire with the clams; add half a pint 
of rich sweet milk; a piece of bntter, pepper, 
and salt if necessary. Roll three crackers fine 
and add just before serving. e. m. 
fjUtos of tjjc SSUrk. 
POLITICAL. 
Monday, July 22. 
The main body of the Potter investigating com¬ 
mittee has happily given Itself and the public a 
rest during the sweltering week just ended, but 
it will begin Its labors again to-morrow at Atlan¬ 
tic City. There the “visiting statesmen” will 
tell as little as they can about bow the electoral 
count was manipulated in Florida and Louisiana, 
while several other notabilities will add to the 
mass of Information, contradiction, or perjury 
already accumulated. It is supposed that the 
committee will, by Its presence, advertise Atlan¬ 
tic City as a pleasant sea resort, at least for the 
next fortnight. The labors of the sub-commtltee 
in New Orleans have been but poorly rewarded 
by the evidence taken during the week. The 
Secretary of the Louisiana democratic committee 
swore that J. E. Anderson tried to Hell himself to 
them, but couldn’t there find a market; while a 
number of colored witnesses testified that E. L. 
Weber endeavored to bribe them to perjury in 
support of some of his yarns. Judging by his 
own venality and that of the general run of 
Louisiana politicians, either he must have offer¬ 
ed a ridiculously small price; or they took his 
money without working for it; or they have been 
better paid by the other side; or he never made 
an offer to them, and they are falsely boasting of 
having resisted temptation—or, well, anything 
except the supposition that a Louisiana politician 
was not purchasable. 
Among the political partlesof the day Is a quiet 
organization known as the Farmers’ Alliance, 
which, originating In Herkimer County, In this 
State, has already extended to Oneida, Jefferson 
and Lewis counties, and will soon spread widely 
abroad, If praiseworthy objects are as favorable 
to the growth of a political party as those of an 
Indifferent, doubtful or demagogical nature. The 
reduction of official salaries and public expendi¬ 
tures generally; the election to the legislature 
of fewer lawyers and more farmers; and the re¬ 
lief of real property from the undue proportion 
of public burdens wtilch now press upon It, are the 
chief objects which the Alllanoe proposes to ac¬ 
complish. It has no affiliation with the National¬ 
ists, though it may unite with them for common 
ends; but It Is hardly likely that auy close union 
can take place between those who proclaim war 
against the reaper, mower and threshing machine, 
and those to whom these implements are a god¬ 
send, who have a vital Interest In making their 
ownership of the soli by these means profitable, 
and to wnotn the best government Is that which 
rules most cheaply, justly and equitably, giving- 
to each class the weight Its numbers and Im¬ 
portance merit. It Is certainly time that the 
farming community took a more prominent part 
in politics, not merely as followers of the old 
parties, which prize them only for their votes ; 
but as special advocates and representatives of 
the grandest, most permanent, and most vir¬ 
tuous branch of Industry in this or any other 
country. 
The Nationalists of this State will hold a con¬ 
vention at Syracuse to-morrow, and from present 
Indications It’s golug to be by no means a 
“happy family,’’ as there probably will be a 
desperate struggle for the leadership between the 
various tactions of which the new party is com¬ 
posed. The Greenbackers want unlimited money ; 
the Labor Reformers want limited hours of labor, 
higher wages, and no convict competition; tho 
Communlsbs desire that everyone should con¬ 
tribute according to his ability to the happiness 
of everyone according to his needs; and more¬ 
over, there is a multitude of buI>- divisions of each 
of these ractions, the loaders aud ruck of whioh 
have their own particular axes to grind. Energy, 
however, Is oertalnly not lacking to the organiza¬ 
tion, as investigation Bhows that Its members are 
working vigorously, though secretly, and there Is 
little doubt but that, at the next election, it will 
display considerably greater strength than tho 
general public has hitherto thought possible. It 
would be well if tho Farmers' Alllauce manifested 
only a tithe of bucU vigor; but then, farmers have 
little time ror idling, ana meir dispersion tnrough 
the country renders It more difficult for them to 
meet and agitate, while the Nationalists are con¬ 
fined almost entirely to the Idlers and workmen 
hived In cities, and ever ready to push at all risks 
what they corndder their own Interests. 
Gen. Merritt, the new Collector of this port, has 
filed a bond for $400,000, and entered on his duties 
last Saturday. Hayes, It is said, Intends to make 
war on those republicans who, like Conkling, are 
neither admirers nor supporters of hla; conse¬ 
quently, ne has removed tho Postmaster at New 
Orleans, whose only offense consists In his being a 
brother-in-law of Gen. Butler, aud ex-Colef of Po¬ 
lice, Gen. Badger, has been appointed In his 
stead. Another effort at crossing the “bloody 
chasm ” la about to be made at Marietta, Ohio, 
where preparations are under way for a grand 
re-unlon of “ the blue and “ the gray." next Sep¬ 
tember. It is expected that 40,000 Union and Con¬ 
federate veterans can be Induced to meet there, 
besides a batalllon of British regulars from Can¬ 
ada, come probably to see how a “bloody chasm ” 
is bridged. The President and his cabinet, to¬ 
gether with Sherman, Beauregard, Sheridan, Jo¬ 
seph E. Johnston and many state Governors, will 
be on show. Despite tne scortcomlngs of the late 
Louisiana legislature, the people of New Orleans 
are Jubilant over their prospects. The revenue 
of the city has been greater this year than any 
year alno9 the war; the crops are excellent; 
the mouth of the Mississippi has been deepened 
enough to allow the passage of large European 
vessels; the grain trade of the upper part of the 
great valley Is tending more and more, like the 
cotton trade of Its lower part, to seek a cheap 
water outlet southward; and, altogether, there la 
a fair prospect of brighter days for that tax-rid¬ 
den, swamp-begirt, late sink of political corrup¬ 
tion—the Crescent City. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
Jas. Gordon Bennett, of the Herald, who has 
been In Europe since his duel with May, returned 
in a lordly way last Tuesday. He and his sister 
and their six servants had 125 pieces of luggage- 
more than all the other passengers together. The 
vessel which he bus purchased for the purpose of 
discovering the North Pole, and called the Jeanette 
after his sister, Is on her way from Havre to San 
Francisco. There she will be fully equipped, and 
go polewards by way of Borhlng Straits, which 
has been selected as the most practicable route. 
During June $5,190,603 were received by the Gov¬ 
ernment for public lands in Dakota, Kansas, Min¬ 
nesota and Nebraska, an Increase ef $3,724,527 
over the same month last year. This Indicates a 
large prospective addition to the number of our 
farmers and stockmen—good for the country at 
large, whose prosperity mainly rests upon agri¬ 
culture, but not so good for the farmers whose 
products are already almost too abundaut to meet 
with a profitable market. Mr. Dodge, Statistician 
of the Department of Agriculture since its foun¬ 
dation, eighteen yeara ago, has resigned, "as a 
protest against tho inoom potency and reckless¬ 
ness" of his superiors. Uls protest Is a trifle 
vague, to be sure, but his services have always 
been excellent, and by his withdrawal the public 
has lost an efficient servant, and the farmers of 
the country a valuable friend. At Owasco Lake 
on Wednesday, the Coi nell Freshman won a well- 
contested boat race against the Freshmen of Har¬ 
vard University. Judging by the relative eclat 
gained by the various forms of competition In our 
Universities, it would seem that the main object 
of these Institutions is to train their alumni in 
muscular Christianity. 
The heat during the past week lias been unpre¬ 
cedentedly severe In some parts of the country— 
notably In St. Louis, the hottest city In the United 
States In summer time. On Monday last, the 
number of deaths In that city from sunstroke and 
prostration due to the heat, amounted to forty- 
adults, while upwards of one hundred non-fatal 
cases occurred. Twenty-five dead bodies, Just 
brought in, lay at the Morgue at one time; and 
the fatality was exceptionally ’.great among In¬ 
fants and children, not here enumerated. On 
Wednesday the thermometer rose up to 103 in the 
shade, and from seven o'clock In the morning pa¬ 
tients began to arrive at the public medical insti¬ 
tutions and at the Morgue. All outdoor business 
was suspended. Fourteen of the staff of four 
newspapers were prostrated as well as five po¬ 
licemen, six letter-carriers, and a large number 
of citizens. In most of the Western States the 
weather was torrid, work in the heat of the sun 
generally suspended, and suffering caused to men 
and animals, and not a few deaths. By Thursday 
the hot wave had reached the Atlantic sea-board, 
and there were 123 sunstrokes in this city, and 48 
deaths, while In all the neighboring cities from 
Boston to Philadelphia, the heat was also Intense, 
the tnermometer in the Quaker city registering « 
101. Harvesting everywhere has been considera¬ 
bly delayed by this tropical spell, the like of which 
only those upwards ol a century old could faintly 
remember as happening In their Infancy. No 
longer, however, does sweating and Ump human¬ 
ity pant for a breath or air, or stifle with that 
from the mouth of a glowing furnace; for yester¬ 
day and this morning the air has been delight¬ 
fully cool and invigorating, and, moreover, there’s 
a very great deal of it. 
FOREIGN. 
Across the Atlantic the treaty of Berlin and Its 
consequences still form the chief topic of interest. 
Last week the terms agreed upon with regard to 
the settlement of European Turkey were here 
epitomized; and later advices show that the ad¬ 
justment o! Astatic Turkey had already been 
anticipated. Kars, Krzeroum, and Batoum, to¬ 
gether with the Intervening section of Armenia, 
become Ruslan property; while Bayazld, just at 
the foot of Mount Ararat, whioh Russia had set 
apart as a sop for Persia, has been retained 
among the Turkish possessions. About two- 
thirds of the Ottoman European territory still re¬ 
mains to the Porte, and this la the richest, most 
thickly populated, and most peaceful part of It. 
Late Btatlsttos of the population of European 
Turkey show the races therein approximately 
divided Into 2,200,000 Osmanlia or Turks proper; 
1.000,000 Greek*; 3,860,000 sola vs—half Bulgarians 
and half Serbs;—i,200,oo Albanians, together with 
a varying number of Armenians, Roumans, Gyp¬ 
sies, Jews and Tartars, making altogether about 
9 , 000,000 souls. Of these 6,000,000 are still lnoluded 
in the Turkish Empire; while of tho 14,000,000 
population In Asiatic Turkey, scarcely a million 
have been transferred to Russia, bo that In the 
words of Bismarck, “ Turkey la onoe more a Euro¬ 
pean Power.” 
In the Berlin Instrument nothing has been said 
about the money Indemnity imposed upon Turkey 
by the treaty of San Stefano, so that this question 
remains to be settled by the two parties at some 
future day, and may bo made a cause of later 
bickering and battle, should Russia feel so dis¬ 
posed. At present, however, the colossus of the 
North seems utterly exhausted. The late war 
cost the Czar upwards of $ 700 , 000,000 and 95,000 
lives. Hla treasury la exhausted; his credit a 
thing of the past; his subjects generally discon¬ 
tented at the results of their heavy sacrifices, while 
unable, with a bankrupt exchequer, to renew the 
struggle. While the Muscovite bureaucracy, from 
the highest, to the lowest, are corrupt and dishon¬ 
est beyond comparison, throughout the Empire 
there is a growing feeling of discontent at the 
present government, manifested most openly by 
