THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
^rfroriniltural. 
SALIX LUCID A 7 
A Note From Mr. Downing. 
In your article on the Salix laurifolia, you Bay 
the gpeoific name is not authorized, and that 
you have not found it oven as a synomyn. Mr. 
Loudon, in his Aboretum Britannioum. describes 
between two and three hundred varieties of the 
Willow, and gives outlines of many of them, and 
among them is S. laurina, the laurel-leaved 
or shining dark-green Willow ” which he Hays is 
“ a shrub or small tree attaining the bight of 
six feet, and if neglected becomes a Bmall tree ; 
the twigs are very brittle and unlit for any use¬ 
ful purpose.” Of course, this can not be what 
we have as S. laurifolia which growB three times 
that hight, ana is probably what Mr. Loudon 
describes as S. pentandra, as the description 
agrees pretty nearly and they may prove identi¬ 
cal, and if what I received as such were correct, 
I think they are. Salix lucida and H. Meyeriana, 
as described by Loudon, are very similar to S. 
pentandra, so much as to require to be grown 
side by side to come to a correct decision. The 
8. laurifolia, as we have it, is very beautiful 
when grown as siugle specimens on the lawn as 
a tree of medium size, especially when the young 
shoots are cut back annually nearly of their 
last season’s growth. It is also useful when 
planted in a bed to be cut back annually for 
sticks or rods for florists aud nurserymen. They 
should be cut of suitable lengths, aud tied closely 
together in small bundles until they are sufli- 
ciently dried to prevent (heir growing, when 
they make the best of rods for tins purpose, and 
a small plot will give a largo number from a half 
inch in diameter to the smallest size, aud when 
cut down annually they grow from five to ten 
feet high; cuttings sirike easily and grow 
vigorously in almost any upland soil. 
Newburgh, N. Y. Chakles Downing. 
Iioriituitural, 
TRANSPLANTING CABBAGE, ETC. 
ISAAC F. TILLINGHAST. 
When managed in this mauuer, transplanting 
may nearly always he made a successful opera¬ 
tion. Still, if convenient to put the plants out 
in the after part of the day. they will get accus¬ 
tomed to their new quarters during the cool 
hours of night and not mind the sun’s rays the 
following day. 
I have frequently put out cabbage plants so 
late in the season that the heads became but 
half-formed when winter set in. Just before 
the ground fteezes, a deep furrow is plowed 
on some dry sandy knoll, the cabbages are care¬ 
fully lifted and set as thickly as convenient in 
the furrow in their natural position, with the 
soil adhering to the roots. The farrow is then 
covered with three or four inches of dry straw, 
aud this in turn with about the same thickness 
of soil, which can mostly be done by running a 
plow along each side and forming a ridge above 
the straw. The formation of the head will go 
on duriug the winter to nearly the extent that it 
would had the season been prolonged. They 
will come out in spriug white and tender aud be 
greatly relished because of their scarcity. Cab- 
bages'to do well should be hoed frequently. The 
soil around them should be loosened as often as 
the showers pack it down. 
This matter of frequent cultivation will apply 
to nearly all vegetables with nearly equal force. 
It is actually Less work to hoe a field as often as 
a weed can be seen than to allow them to got the 
start of you and then try to conquer. This is a 
lesson I have learned many times aud yet I con¬ 
fess the weeds occasionally get the better of me. 
It is so much easier to keep Bquare with this 
world in all respects than to catch up after once 
getting behind. 
Wyoming CO., Pa., July 120, 1878. 
GRAFTING GRAPE-VINES AGAIN. 
There is still time in many localities to put 
out cabbage and celery plants for winter aud 
spring use. So far as I can j udge from personal 
observation in my own locality, from corres¬ 
pondence with my patrons in various sections, 
and from the demaud for seeds and plants, com¬ 
pared with that in other years, the acreage of 
cabbage for late use this season iH very much 
less than at any time during the past ton years. 
The cause of this is, that, the business was en¬ 
tirely overdone last season and the market was 
glutted, prices ruling bo extremely low that cul¬ 
tivators were disgusted with the very name of 
oabbage. The result will be a scarcity the com¬ 
ing winter, with fairer prices, which will stimu¬ 
late to renewed exertion another year. But 
those who make the money are those who pro¬ 
duce an article in times of scarcity. Many per¬ 
sons think they cannot safely transplant succu¬ 
lent plants, like oabbage and celery, successfully 
during the hot, dry months of midsummer. Of 
course, it can bo more easily accomplished when 
the weather is cool aud cloudy, and the ground 
moist, but bv observing tbe following points, 1 
have had no difficulty in accomplishing it at any 
time, no matter how hot the weathor may be. 
When removed from the seed-bed, many of the 
fine rootlets are broken, and the supply of moist¬ 
ure cut off. The first tendency of the plant is 
then to wilt and perish, particularly if the leaves 
are exposed to the sun, so that evaporation goes 
on rapidly. Therefore, if transplanted at once 
after being removed from the bed on a hot day, 
the chances are that it will die. But dip the 
roots in water acd place the plants loosely in a 
cool place where they may be shaded from the 
sun, but not shut out from daylight, for 24 or 3(1 
hours, and an abundance of new, white rootlets 
will be formed. The whole plant will have a 
fresh, vigorous look, as though it had deter¬ 
mined to hve and grow despite its removal. All 
its reviving forces are now at work, it is conva¬ 
lescent, and with half a chance, it will rapidly 
recover. Now remove a few of the larger leaves, 
that the evaporation of moisture may not be 
greater than the new roots oan supply and “ pud¬ 
dle” the roots. This is done by stirring fine 
garden soil into a pail of water, until it is of the 
consistency of thick cream. Lip the roots, a 
few at a time, into thiB, until a heavy coating 
adheres to them. A slight sprinkling of dry 
gypsum or *' plaster” will admirably Berve to re¬ 
tain the moisture, though too heavy a coating 
will sometimes bake so hard as to effect more 
harm than benefit. If the plant is now set in 
newly-plowed soil, it will hve aud commence 
growing immediately, no matter how hot and 
dry the weather may be. As it is not always 
convenient to plow the ground just before Bet¬ 
ting the plants, the fresh moist condition may 
be attained by ridging it up with a horse-hoe or 
corn plow, aud raking or hoeing down the 
ridges immediately before setting the plants. 
But for an error in your issue of 13th inst., 
under the above head, I should have let this sub¬ 
ject remain where I then left it. To those who 
do not know the difference in the histories, the 
advents, the size and the qualities of the 
two grapes—the Isabella aud the Israella my 
article of the 13th is well enough as it is, as it 
merely shows the liability of the stronger stock 
to eventually obliterate the weaker cion, and 
that the vine that once produced red fruit may 
eventually produce black. In the manuscript of 
the article alluded to, the word Isabella did not 
occur, while in the printed article it occurs sevon 
or more times. 
The practical grape-grower doubtlesB knows 
that the Iona and the Israella originated some 
fifteen years since, with C. W. Gbant, near 
Poekskill, N. Y. t and that the Isabella is one of 
the two oldest varieties under general cultiva¬ 
tion in the Northern States. The Israella is 
claimed by the originator to be a Beedling from 
the Isabella, which it has every appearance of 
being ; aud while I am on the subject I venture 
to express my own experience of the two; that 
the former is no improvement upon its parent , 
except that it ripeuB some ten to fifteen days 
earlier, while at the same time it lacks the size, 
vigor, hardiness and productiveness of the par¬ 
ent. Of the liability to disease of either 1 can¬ 
not say ninch, for here we are not troubled with 
mildew or rot. All the disease I have evor seen 
here is a few dark-colored spots on the Ionas, 
Northern Muscadines and Franklins, which have 
more effect to disfigure them than to do any ma¬ 
terial in j ary. 
My experience in grapes is confiued to this 
eastern shore uf Lake Michigan, where I have 
cultivated a few for the past eighteen years, and 
I am aware that different altitudes, climates aud 
soils, may produce different results in many va¬ 
rieties. The object ol' this article is not to cen¬ 
sure either tbo type-setter or the proof reader, 
whom I have found praiseworthily correct; the 
error is a very natural one with the typo who is 
not skilled in grape nomenclature, but I feared 
that some of the Rural readers might think me 
foolish or ignorant for paying two and a half 
dollars each for Isabella grape-vines in 18C6, 
neither of which charges do I admit to have been 
then, or to be now, tine. 
Fear of spinniug out too long an article, aud 
the fact that the mercury stands 88 in the shado 
at 2 i'. it., hinder mo from giviug an account of 
the present grape prospects, which, in ordinary 
is not flattering but somewhat 
honest worker, who, surviving the drought 
last year, put all his labor, his cash, his credit, 
and his hopes into this year’s promise of plenty, 
and will hardly reap enough to nourish his 
family through the year. 
Col. Coi/M an (Column's Rural World) says that 
just at this time, when the cheese market is 
depressed, it is a good opportunity to impress 
upon cheese-makers the importance of cultivat¬ 
ing a demand for cheese in all our rural homes. 
Not one-fourth of the cheese is consumed which 
should bo. In this respect we are not advocat¬ 
ing moro costly or extravagant living. But 
substitute good rich cheese for many of the 
injurious but fashiouable articles now so often 
on our tables. Cheese can seldom bo found in 
the houses of our common small farmers, for 
the reason that it caunot be had at consump¬ 
tion priceB nor in a state to suit the demand. 
Millet and Baklf.y. —The New England 
Farmer says that if millet can be bowii by the 
20th of July, on rich mellow land free from 
weeds, and the season is favorablo to Immediate 
and rapid growth, a good crop may be expected, 
but if auy of tbeBe conditions are wanting a 
failure muBt result. From present experiences 
we should recommend barley for very late sow¬ 
ing instead of either variety of millet. Barley 
will bear colder weather, is not easily injured 
by light frosts, and it makes a very good quality 
of fodder, either for feeding green or cured for 
hay. Millet is somewhat subject to rust, if 
sown very late after the nights begin to grow 
cool. 
Luck.— It is not luck says the Weekly Globe 
(Canada), but labor that makes men. “ Luck," 
says an able writer whose name we know not, 
“ is over waiting for BomethiDg to turn up: 
labor, with keen eye and strong will, always 
turns up something. Luck lies in bed and wishes 
the postman would bring him nows of a legacy: 
labor turns out at six, aud with busy pen or 
ringing hammer lays the foundation of a com¬ 
petence. Luck whines; labor whistles. Luck 
relies on chance; labor on character. Luck 
slips downward to self-iudulgenoc: labor strikes 
boldly upward, and aspires to independence.” 
Water ion Stock.— The Mass, rionghman 
remarks, in a sensible article upon this subject, 
that cows may live if only watered night and 
morning at the barn yard, but it is not a nor¬ 
mal mode of living. If any one will notice cowh 
while grazing near a brook or spring, he will 
lind that they drink half a dozen times in a day, 
aud this is far better for them than to distend 
themselves, like an inflated bladder, night and 
morning. 
The True Feast.— The Phrenological Journal 
says that when the barbarous practice of stuff¬ 
ing one’s gu86ts shall have been abolished, a 
social gathering will not necessarily imply hard 
labor and dyspepsia. Perhaps, when that time 
arrives, we shall be sufficiently civilized to de¬ 
mand pleasures of a higher sort. True, the en¬ 
tertainments will then, in one sense, be more 
costly, as culture costs moFfc than cake. 
Cabuaoe Worms.— A writer in the Weekly 
Tribune ways that he hunted last year cabbage- 
worms till he nearly crippled his back. One day 
a neighbor’s wife came in aud told him to use 
a tea made of oayenne pepper to Bpriukle the 
cabbages with twice a day. He applied it, aud 
his cabbages and back were saved. lie watched 
the millers, and they would not light on the 
plantB which had the pepper on them. 
Nitrogen from the air.— Mr. J. B. Lawes says, 
in the North British Agriculturist, that though 
it has often been said that broad leaves, such 
as the root crops possess, obtain the nitrogen 
from the atmosphere; yet ho has no reason to 
think that Buch is the case. 
Hats. _The American Poultry Journal says 
that it coats as much to feed the rats and mice 
of our country as it does to feed our poor, and 
even more 
Ohio Central, Mechanlcsburg. q™ P m 3, 2t 
Ohio Southern, Dayton. s 18 
Oregon, Salem.soar W 27 
Pennsylvania, Erie.. • ••■•.' 712 
St. Louis Association, ht. Louis, Mo.-.• •••Oct (. - 
Southern Cain. Anri cultural and Horticultural. L<>8 
Angola*. .. OCt. 14. m 
Angela* 
Southwestern 
hwestern W'xconslu, Industrial As- 
aociation. Mineral Point.Xli* iJnv 2 
Texas Southern. Houston. 
Vermont, St. Albans, .riiit 1 
Virginia, Richmond. 0cl «™t 9 13 
Wisconsin, Madison.SeP 1 - w 
COUNTY AND LOCAL. 
CALIFORNIA. 
El Dorado, ..13. };> 
Stanislao* Stock Growers, Modesto..,.Oct. J, u 
gojanu, Vallejo.(let. 2.6 
...Oct. 2,6 
Sep. 23, 28 
Siskiyou. Yroku 
Sonoma, Petalumu. 
COLORADO. 
Boulder. Boulder City.° ct " ’ 
CONNECTICUT. 
Windham, Brooklyn. Sep ‘ ~ 4 
ILLINOIS. 
Adams. 
Adams. 
Boone, .- <a*Ti 
Brown, Mt. Sterling. .gab. 3.« 
•auk H?.* 
6 
as. Camp Point.ftno P 2L 21 
us. Quincy. 
k-j. it, Vo 
Bureau, Bureau. 
iiuiuh'i -,, Am' £». •a 
Carroll. Mt. Carroll. 07 31 
Clutmphlgn, Champaign..fi„n P 17. 20 
Christian, TaylorvtUe.oct. g u 
Colas, Charleston..“Set. 8 II 
Cumberland. Majority Point. * V- 1( , i;( 
DeKalh, Sand.. 0 , m 
lie Kill), Stcurnore 
.Sep. 21.27 
. - SeP. IMS 
DeKalb, DeKnlb. . J {) ’ 23 
nr,Witt. Firmer City.An?* <*"• “ 
DoVVitt. Firmer City.. in H 
Krnnslln, Renton. soo. ii. 0 
Fulton, Canton.... sen 24, 27 
Gallatin, . XbS. i t 
Grundy, Morris.,.,..,.. —.V""* 00 . 18.31 
Hardin, Elizabethtown.=•- 
Henderson. B grille...^ 30 
Henry. Cambridge. A « 2 . 7 
Iroquois, Onurgu....Re,, 10.13 
Jackson, Murplijaboro.. |“P; 
Jefferson. Mt. Vernon... l.\ IS 
Jo Daviess. Galena . •>] 27 
JO Daviess, Warren.XT e 
Kane, Aurora-.. .—..'""scp. 24. 27 
Kankakee, Kankakee 
Kendall. Bristol.''ft”!}' { 7 ' 20 
Knox,Knoxville . s * P- »-• Sf 
Lake, Waukegan. h Set> 2.0 
LaSalle,Ottawa.■ •.5S2* o a 
1 .. I .a.......Oil. , 
Lawrence, 
3.7 
exposures, 
structive. 
m- 
S. B. Peck. 
annual FAIR LIST. 
The following partial list of State and 1 ,oeal 
Fairs will be supplemented as faBt as trust¬ 
worthy advices are reoeived. Corrections aud 
alterations of dates previously announced and 
published have delayed the list slightly ; 
state and general 
c. Lftwreneevllle. 
Livingston, Pontiac .. id 13 
Livingston, I airbury. 31 
Logan, Lincoln.'V *' 2 3 
Macon, Decatur.. ..S«P; • 4 
Macoupin,OilUnvllle. bL P'V i x 
Marion, ('eutrail*.No ,niiort 
McDonough. Macomb. .AOg. <fi, ? 
Montgomery,Hillsboro..lii 18 
Montgomery, L'tchdold.in u 
Morgan. Jacksonville.£®P- jy’ l4 
Moultrie. Sullivan. 8 s'on 3 r. 
Ogle, Oregon...s»o 23 26 
Peoria, Peoria . .. imt 2. i 
Pope. Goloonda....U~,. 01 pj 
liando ph. Sparta....‘ /vt IS IS 
Rondolph, Chester.geo. 17.20 
niehland, Olney ; ■ ..S«!l 17 I'J 
Saiigutuoii. .. Se't’ 21 27 
Schuyler, ..Seu2t! 28 
Stark. Toulon... ...N O renort 
St Clair. BelleVUIt.. .iwiate Fair) 
Tazewell, Pekin..2,,,, in 13 
Union. JonesborO... .ft,;},.' pt 13 
Vermilion .Ui 20 
VcrmiH .ui, I inn vll Ic.. .',«.l*Oefc. 3 
Wabash, Mount C .rruel. 8 ‘ , ‘ l5 t3 
Wanen. Monmouth. . . • 
Wayne. .. g .P- JJ g 
whitex.de, Albany.. s’Ln.Va 
Whiteside, Morrwon.. ,, * l3 
Will, Joliet. ;.• ••.. oci. i. I 
William son, Marion —. 10.13 
Winnebago, .. 
Fairs will also be held at Marshall (Clark Co.,) 
Carlyle (Clinton Co.,) MoLeansboro (Hamilton 
Co.,) Carthage (Hancock Co.,) Libnrtyville 
(Lake Co.,) Amboy (Lee Co.,) Walem (Marion 
Co.,) Waterloo (Monroe Co.,) Shelbyville (Hhel- 
by Co.,) aud Gazeuovia (Woodford Co.) 
INDIANA. 
WHAT OTHERS SAY. 
Rust.— The Pacific Rural Press (San Fran- 
eisoo) says: Now that the fields come to tbo 
test of the reaper, it is seen that nearly every¬ 
where there is severe damage from rust. From 
the severe visitation in the Salinas valley, the 
evil extends north and south and eastwards, 
making some fields wholly unworthy of the har¬ 
vester, and in others leaving naught but small 
weights of shrunken and shriveled grain 
indeed will be the oonsequenoes to many 
American Institute, New York, 
California. Sucritmemo. 
Colurudo, Deny or... 
<lonneellcut, Hititluiu.......•»■ 
Dukotu.... 
Georgia- Macon.. . 
IIIimiik. Pi' sport 
...Sept. 11. Nov. 23 
.Sept. HI. 21 
.Sept. 21 . 2 H 
.Sept, in, 13 
.Sept. 10. 13 
.Get. 28. Nov. 2 
.Sept. It!, 21 
bO.Oct.O 
Sad 
an 
IIIIU'llH. » i' ei""--.-;-. Kent 1.0. Oct 
Indiana, Indianapolis..Sen 4 bet. 10 
lnter-statu,.. '/,/////.20 
attVoo, Kansas City . .**». VS.£ 
Kentucky, ..Aug. ft a 
Mini land'. PlmBco. j. '*[ *7 
MtiiuuxOtu, St, 1 ... s , p',. t 
Missouri. ..Sep 23 29 
. 
Mass .......... •'•|c|it : x 3, a 0 
ss; sate ;*»; -.&%• I; % 
NU 1’t h wcStei i 1 Agricultural and Mechanics’ 
Allen, Fort Wayue........ 
Burtholeinew. Columbus. 
Blackford. Hart turd. 
Boone, Lebanon.. 
Cass, Lugunsport. 
Carroll, Delphi .. 
Clinton, Frankfort. 
Clark, Cliai lextow n. 
Decatur, Gieenburg ... 
Delnware. Muulce. 
Elkioui, G'.xIikh .. 
Fuyetic, V iniiorsville ... 
Franklin. Brookville. 
Fulton, Kodhestur. 
Gibson. Princeton. 
Grant, Marlon. 
Greene, Liut'Oi,....,. 
Hendricks, Danville. 
Harrltoil, < orydon. 
Henry, New t astle . 
Howard, KOkonio......... 
HuuUDgtnu.Uimtlugton. 
Hami ton, Cicero. 
.1 ackiton. BrowuBlown 
Jasper- Kenskulaer. 
Juv. Portland .. 
Jafferbon, Madison. 
Knox. VUicenne#. 
Kosciusko, Warsaw...... 
La Glunge. La Grange... 
Luku,Crown i olat. 
La Porte, Ba X’orte.. 
Lawrence, Bed lord. 
Mad ixou. Aiidersoii.. 
Marion, Y alley Mills. 
Miami. Peru...... . 
Monroe, Blooinlogtou.... 
Morgali, Martinsville.... 
Noble, Ligouler. 
Orange. Paoli... 
Perry, Home. 
Pike, Petersburg. 
.Sop. 9. 13 
...Auk. 27, 31 
... gap. 24,37 
.. .Bop- y. >3 
...SOP- 24.28 
nep, 23, 27 
'..i80p, >8.20 
.. ..Sep. 10.13 
..Aug. 20, 23 
.sep. 10,13 
.SeP- 1.4 
....Sep. a. » 
" .Sep 24.2; 
' ..... Sep. I'J. 21 
.Sep. 16. 20 
.Sep. 17.20 
' Oct. 1,5 
.Hep. 10, 13 
.H u p. 10,24 
.sep. 17,20 
....Sep, VO, 21 
. Sep. 17, 20 
Aug. 27.30 
..Hep.— — 
.Sep. 17, 21 
..Oct. 1,4 
.pep. 17,20 
.Oct. 14. 19 
...Sep- 23, 20 
r.""..8ep. 25,27 
;;.Sep. 24,27 
.Se p. 2o, 27 
.Sop. 10,13 
' Sep. 3, 0 
...Sep. 6, 7 
. ;.:..Sep. 17.20 
.Sep. 18, 20 
.Sep. 10.19 
.Sep. 17,20 
'.Sep. 17,20 
.. ,t)ct. 1, 4 
.sey. 2,0 
