AU8. 40 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
SOS 
ous wastes which our agriculture perpetrates. 
What farmer collects the liquid manure or the 
washings of his barn-yard? Where do all the 
valuable wastes of our villages, townH and cities 
disappear? What becomes of the bones, the 
oil-cakes, the numerous fertilizers that we year¬ 
ly produce? The first we waste, these last we 
sell. We buy ribbons and Bilks and woolen goods 
with popular foreign brands and 
wines, and these not hair bo good 
as the products of our ow n looms 
and vineyards, and pay for them 
with the life blood of our- agri¬ 
culture.” 
High Farming.— The Agricul¬ 
tural Gazette, of London, says : 
“ When orops lie down under the 
whip of artificial manures and 
foods, you must cease to drive 
them further. It seems a pity 
that production should thus be 
limited. But little can be done, 
unless it be by growing short, 
stiff-strawed wheats; and, if such 
are procurable, stiff and short- 
strawed barleys and oats.” High 
farming fias its limits—a circum¬ 
stance, however, of which the 
farmers iu our neighborhood do 
not much need to be reminded. 
When to Plow fur Potatoes. 
—It is always best to plow in the 
spring for potatoes or corn that 
are to be planted on sod ground. 
If the soil is turned over iu the 
fall, the sod will have all disap¬ 
peared by the spring aud the 
ammonia generated by its decay 
will, have passed away- 
Fakmers’ Club. 
farms. Illinois Dept. Ag., Springfield, S. D. 
Fisher, Seo’y. 
Premium List for the Twenty-sixth Annual 
fair to be held at Freeport, Sept. 16. S. D. 
Fisher, Sec’y. 
-- 
St. Mary's Academy. —This excellent institu¬ 
tion, under the control of the Sisters of the Holy 
keep for years. This is an air-tight butter case; 
the butter can thus be kept till the price suitB. 
The butter does not improve in quality by this 
mode of keeping, therefore make it well if you 
hope to take out a good article. 
WHAT OLEOMARGARINE MEANS. 
There it a great deal of science in butter-mak¬ 
ing, despite the old fogies, and when the maker 
CATALOGUES, ETC. 
G. H. and J. H. Hale, So. Glas¬ 
tonbury, Conn., offer among 
strawberries, the new and prom¬ 
ising, Pres. Lincoln, Duncan, 
Duchesne, Cumberland Triumph, 
Forest Rose, Gt. Atnericau, Beau¬ 
ty, Crescent Seedling and Sharp- 
Iubh. Among Raspberries, Pride 
of the Hudson. 
First Annual Fair of the 
Farmers’ Clubs of Massachusetts 
tu bo held in Boston on Colum¬ 
bus Ave., opening Oct. 2, aud 
closing Nov. 2. Address Albert 
L. Murdock, Jamaica Plain, Bos¬ 
ton. 
Premium List of the Nebraska 
State Board of Agriculture and 
State Hurt. Society for the 
Twelfth Annual Exhibition to be 
held at Lincoln, Nob., Sept. 23-27. 
Fur Prem. lists or information 
apply to D. H. Wheeler, Platts- 
moulh. 
t Ellwanger & Barry, Roches¬ 
ter, N. Y. Descriptive price list 
of Strawberries. Directions for 
garden and field culture. Sharp- 
less Seedling a specialty. Circu¬ 
lar free. 
List of Premiums for the 
Twenty-fii’st Annual fair of the 
Sandy Creek, Richland, Os well 
and Boylston Ag. Society, and liBt of officers for 
1878, to be held at Sandy Creek, N. Y., on Sept. 
4, 5, and 6. G. N. Harding, Sec’y., Lacona 
P. 0. 
Cuoi* and Statistical Report for June. J. B. 
Killebrew, Com. of Ag., Nashville, Tenn. 
Quarterly Report of the Chief of the Bureau 
of Statistics showing imports and exports of the 
U. 8., fur the three months endiog March 31, 
and also for the corresponding quarter of the 
year immediately preceding. 
Premiums and Regulations for the Twenty- 
ninth Annual fair of the Ohio State Board of 
Agriculture, to be held iu the city of Columbus, 
Sept. 9-13. John H. Kleppart, Columbus, 
Franklin Co., 8eo'y. 
Annual Fair of the Onondaga Co. Ag. Soc., 
to be held in the city of Syracuse on Sept. 17-19. 
Rules aud Premiums. P. H. Agan, Sec’y. 
Catalogue of Bulbs for 78-9. August Rolker 
ami Sons, No. 44 Dey St., N. Y. Hyacinths, 
Tulips, Lilies, Ac. Catalogue illustrated. Free. 
Monthly Crop Reports of the North Carolina 
Dept, of Ag. for June. L. L. Polk, Com. 
Raleigh, N. 0. 
Premium List and Regulations Wisconsin 
State Ag. Soc. for the Twenty-fifth General Ex., 
to be held at Madison, Sept. 9-13. Address Geo. 
E. Bryant, Madison, Sec’y. 
L. B. Case's Botanical Index to the new, rare 
and beautiful plants grown at his establishment, 
Richmond, Iud. 
Jefferson Co. Ag. So. fair to be held in the 
city of Watertown, N. Y., Sept. 17-19., WineB R. 
Skeels, Sec’y. 
Farm Drainage Circular. For the benefit of 
those who contemplate underdraining their 
its applicability to continuous milking, but I am 
convinced of its great value for occasional use,— 
so great that no farmer can afford to be without 
one. In cases of sore teats, or udder, or ob¬ 
struction, it is invaluable, and may often save 
the oow as a milker when she would otherwise 
be lost. For occasional use by weak-handed 
persons, ohildren or women, when male help is 
absent or disabled, the milker iB 
also very useful. I am glad to 
hear that a small size is to he 
made, as in one of the cases 
when the milker would be most 
useful, — that of heifers with 
small teats—the size sent me is 
too large to bo inserted without 
difficulty, or I think, without risk 
of injury by sottiDg up inflamma¬ 
tion of the duct. 
T. H. Hoskins. 
Orleans Co., Vt., July 24. 
i-t. 
SINGLE OR DOUBLE ROPES 
FOR HAY-FORKS 1 
H.K.I3-WINGKI) STARLINGS.- (See page 501.) 
Cross, has all the physical advantages that are 
thought to bo most desirable for school situa¬ 
tions, and the school itself, tinder the conduot of 
the Sisters, has become very thorough in tlie 
branches to which it pays particular attention, 
and is highly esteemed by those whoso children 
have profited by its course of study. 
The usual course is adopted, including the 
foreign languages and music. Especial care 
is devoted to domestic economy, as it is pre¬ 
sumed that to be a good house-wife, presupposes 
a knowledge of the duties. The school is not 
local in its influence, which in itself is a favor¬ 
able point. 
The Notre Dame Scholastic, a bright little 
paper issued by the College, and catalogue con¬ 
taining the usual business information, will be 
sent to parents addressing Mother Superior, St. 
Mary’s Academy, Notre Dame, Ind. 
iairj iushulim 
FRESH BUTTER FOREVER! 
It is the atmosphere coming in contact with 
the butter which causes it to become rauoid. 
Keep the two separate and the butter cannot 
spoil. To do this economically: arrange any kind 
of a vessel, a keg, jar, or barrel, make up the 
butter in rolls in the very best manner, cover 
them with a wet cloth, put them into the vessel 
and fill up with strong, clean brine, and arrange 
the cover so that a hoard or plank on its under 
Bide shall press the lumps down under the brine. 
Then bury the vessel up to the brim in the 
earth in the coolest comer of the cellar. Never 
let the brine get below the butter and it will 
introduces this science, c on~amore, the artiole is 
always good. But when the new substitute was 
about to be introduced, it seemed desirable to 
give it a highly scientific name, and as it was to 
supersede a very poor artiole, it was also desira¬ 
ble to give the latter a rap over the head as a 
kind of a squeloher. The public knows very 
well that the largest part of all the butter made 
in the country is detestable, that it is very oily 
and tastes more like lard than anything else. 
Upon these facts, and with a business fore¬ 
thought. was built up the present name of the 
new product, “ Oleo," meaning oily, fatty, greasy, 
rancid and nasty, and “Margarine ’’ a substance 
containing margaric acid, a constituent of lard. 
The oil from beef suet, combined with “ Mar¬ 
garine," and the addition of some sweet milk—of 
human kindness—are the constituents of Oleo¬ 
margarine. Here iB science employed to produce 
an article and also its name, both of which are 
meant to reduce the production of “ fearful but¬ 
ter," aud to increase and oheapen the manufac¬ 
ture of wagon grease, for to this condition must 
all the rancid butter hereafter come. 
Here ia science in butter-making carried to a 
high point; it gives an appropriate name to the 
new article, and sinks the old one to the yery 
depths of disgrace. It is a splendid sarcasm, aud 
if Oleomargarine oompels the butter makers to 
cleanly habits, that will be glory enough for & 
generation. I say : “Up with Oleomargarine and 
down with dirty butter!” 
s. R. M. 
KING’S SELF-ACTING COW-MILKER. 
Editor of the Rural. —Your card referring 
to oow-milker, is received. I am not prepared, 
without longer trial, to give a definite opinion of 
I noticed in a recent issue of 
the Rural that in writing about 
horse hay-forks and hay carry¬ 
ing apparatus, you mentioned 
some of the advantages of a 
single rope over the double rope 
for such purposes. I thought 
you wrote from a theovetiual 
rather than a practical know¬ 
ledge, and, with your consent, I 
will give my experience extending 
over a period of tweuty years. 
I first purchased a horse-fork, 
and used a single rope for several 
years, because a double rope for 
pitching hay was not known or 
used at that time—in this seo- 
tion at least. While using this 
single rope, I pulled out and 
broke off several rafters, and the 
team had to draw very hard to 
lift the forkful. Moreover, it 
straius and wrenches everything 
terribly, and, besides, you cannot 
take as large a forkful. I went 
to Utica, to the State Fair, and 
saw a double rope arranged for 
pitching hay, which worked ad¬ 
mirably. The next year I rigged 
my fork with a double rope, and 
I think a double rupe is as 
much better than a Bingle rope 
as daylight is better than dark¬ 
ness to work in—as much better 
as knowledge is better than ig¬ 
norance in editing a paper. To 
be sure the horses have to walk 
farther, but they can lift as muoh 
again with no more trouble, 
everything goes off like clock¬ 
work, and yon do not strain and 
break everything to pieces as you 
are apt to do with a single rope. 
For carrying hay back fifteen 
or twenty feet a double rope 
answers a good purpose, but if 
you want to carry back farther 
than that, a track and car that 
a double rope with, are much 
used a car with a single rope 
for a few days, and I pronounce it an unmiti¬ 
gated nuisance. I remodeled the car so that I 
can use a double rope, and it works like a charm. 
I oarry back about fifty feet. I have a wooden 
track which I think is far preferable to an iron 
rod. Some use a wooden track with an iron 
track fastened to the top of it. Tins works ad¬ 
mirably, and I should think would be the best of 
all. I have a small cord, with a weight attached, 
fastened to the oar, and when the forkful is let 
loose from the fork, the car will return to its 
place over the load, ready for use again. I have 
at the end of the draw-pole a patent hook, 
which can be tripped while the horses are draw¬ 
ing, if you choose, thus letting the rope loose 
from the whitfle-trees, so that the car returns 
immediately—and by the time the horses get 
back to the starting point, the man on the load 
has the fork set and 'ready to have the team go 
again. 
Some use a patent post, around which you 
drive, catch the rope on an non on the top and 
drive back to the starting point, and by puilmg 
backward ou the draw-rope, it slips off from the 
top of the post, leaving the rope slack and the 
team ready to start again as soon as the fork is 
set. To save carrying the whiffle-trees, I had 
my traces lengthened, by attaching pieces of 
trace-chain about fifteen inches in length to the 
whiffle-trees, and hookiug the traces to the 
chains, so that when the horses are returning to 
the starting point the whiffle-trees drag on the 
ground, ana with this rig a small boy or girl can 
drive the team—sometimes a great convenience. 
Let me recapitulate and put in a nut-shell: 
Never use a single rope with or without a car. 
For carrying back only fifteen or twenty feet, a 
double rope answers a good purpose ; for carry¬ 
back farther tliau tnin, use track aud oar, such 
as you can use a double rope with. All things 
considered, I should prefer a wooden track fast¬ 
ened to rafters rather than an iron rod. 
Cortland Co., N, Y. J. D. F. Woolston. 
you can 
the best. 
use 
I 
