508 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
TABLE OF CONTENTS, 
Practical Departments: 
PovoiiBine—fillnstratpd). 501 
Red-Winci'C Starling—(lUnsirntedl.. Mil 
Mr. Mnohr* statement to ills visitors.. 502 
Dairying mid Grain RalelUg-E. W. Stewart.502 
Thistles or No TliiStlCs—S. Rufus Mason.503 
Tlmoihv iiid Orchard Grass—Prof. W.J. Beal... 503 
OHa Podrl(1 a letter- Mary Wiiger-KiMipr.503 
Bulbs for the Flower Garden —IV. C. L. Drew.... 603 
Everyday JSutes - Samuel fhjrsons . 603 
YnryEnrly Peaches—J. W. Kerr. 504 
Fraud - Vlelhtrd. 501 
Cider Vinegar and Sugar from Sugar Beets—An¬ 
drew A. Ward..... 504 
Wbai Others Say. 504 
Cuta logn ns, etc...... 5(15 
St. Alary's Academy.606 
SYe'h Butter Forever—S. R. M. 505 
Self Acting Cow Milker—T. H. Hoskins. 605 
Single or Double Ropes lor Hay Forks—J. D. F. 
Woolston. 505 
Intermit tent Fever Dr. Gondenough. 507 
Poultry Brooding A. M. Van Auken. 507 
Answers to Correspondents : 
For good reasons, fhowever, which need 
not to be defined, we must take the lib¬ 
erty of disregarding such applications in 
the future. 
We have now a word to say to our lady 
readers. For five years past we have 
been collecting what we judge to be the 
best Pelargoniums (Geraniums), in culti¬ 
vation, both single and double. We have 
roughly estimated that by, or before, the 
first of October we Bhall be able to send 
a few cuttings to those who wish them. 
In a few weeks, probably by the middle 
of next month, we shall give a list of 
the names, from which our lady readers 
may take their choice. 
-—- J 
Pluming Kngpberrles from Cuttings In Summer 606 
Geiltna Font Air ftoni a Well. 51(0 
i B«uCid(k for Mutton Sheep.606 
When to Shut Up Swine to Fatten. 506 
Grafting Pwonies.. .. 506 
Planting White Pino Seeds. 506 
Miscellaneous. 606 
Ewtrywhet'e : 
Notes from Illinois.606 
Notes from Kentucky.. 506 
Chiuit'.Miuvm C<*m n. y .ton 
Nomehn Co.. Neb. 506 
Spaulding Co., Go.. .506 
Floyd t O , Iowa.606 
Howard Lake, Minn..... 507 
Corning, N. Y.507 
Mercer Co., N. J. 507 
Stark Co.,Ill.507 
Breckem idge Co.. Ry.507 
Trumaosiiuigli, N Y.507 
Prince William Co,, Va. 507 
Canibiidge, Mass. 507 
Houston. Tex. 507 
Montgomery Co., Iowa. 707 
Whitney’s Point_N. Y.507 
Domes!,ir ttOonorau : 
Butter-Making - Grandmother.612 
Household Hints atid Recipes—M. G. U.512 
Domestic Reoipes...,. 512 
Martels. 513 
EDITORIAL PAGE: 
To on r Subscribers. 408 
Minor Moral*. 508 
Dairying with Gardening. 508 
Brevities. £08 
UTkUARY: 
Poetry.509, 511, 514 
Dorothy's Rival...509 
Recent Literature. 510 
Brlo-a-Cmo. 511 
Motliur’s Vacation—Mrs. J. E. MoConaughty_511 
Taste till Arrangement of Ferns und Grasses— 
(illustrated). 511 
Items lor Correspondents. 6ll 
Heading for the Young : 
How to Grow Plants in Summer—(Illustrated— 
Julius .1. Heinrich.. 514 
Puzzler. 514 
Sabbath Heading: 
Tempering Tilings.. 514 
Danger ol Living to Bo Wise. 614 
Personals. . 515 
News of the Week— Herman,. 512 
Wit and llumor. 5X6 
Ad vert. sea. ell is.513, 615, 516 
THE 
RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
PUBL18HED EVERY SATURDAY. 
Address 
RURAL PUBLISHING CO., 
78 Duane Street, New York City. 
SATURDAY AUG 10, 1878. 
We offered, some time ago, to sell the cuts 
used in this Journal for ten cents the square 
inch. Many have requested us to send proofs 
of our outs. As we have upwards of ten thou¬ 
sand, we could not undertake to do so. Persons 
wishing to purchase, must Belect from files of 
the Rural New-Yobkeb. 
TO OUK SUBSCRIBERS. 
Fob our seed distribution last fall, we 
did suppose that we had raised a suffi¬ 
cient. quantity of seeds to Bupply the 
probable demand. The supposition was 
a great mistake. We were obliged to buy 
seeds—the best we could obtain—to fill 
our orders. As the varieties originally 
offered were not procurable, there was no 
other alternative but to obtain the best 
we could. Hence it was that at least half 
of our friends, though receiving the 
number of packets annouuoed, were dis¬ 
appointed iu the varieties. 
It is our intention to offer our sub¬ 
scribers the present season (on or before 
Nov. 1st) garden and field seeds, as well 
as flower seeds, and for the most part 
those which cannot be prooured else¬ 
where, and there can now be little doubt 
that our supply will suffioe for all de¬ 
mands. Five of the kinds to be offered 
originated on the Kural Grounds from 
cross-breeding, and the others are such 
as, with one or two exceptions, we have 
never seen offered for sale in any cata¬ 
logue. 
It will be observed that these seeds are 
to bo offered in the latter part of the year 
to old subscribers, and not, as has often 
been suggested to us, as a premium, or 
for the purpose of attracting new ones. 
Indirectly, no doubt, if of any real value, 
they will tend to do so. But the plan is 
only one of many we are striving to carry 
out in order to be worthy of what we 
greatly desire to merit, the confidence 
and respect of our readers. 
As we have before stated, we are oblig¬ 
ed to limit these seed distributions abso¬ 
lutely to subscribers whose names are 
upon our books. Many have written to 
us, claiming that they were entitled to 
seeds, inasmuch as they purchased the 
Bubal New-Yorker of the news’ dealers. 
MINOR MORALS. 
We have often noticed L ow, at the an¬ 
nouncement of every theft t r defalcation 
in our larger cities, suburban and country 
papers eagerly seize the opportunity to 
inveigh, with holy horror, against the 
wickedness and depravity therein existing, 
and talk as if all morality and common 
honesty had fled therefrom and taken up 
their abode among the fields and forests 
of the country. That there has been, 
during the few years past, in our princi¬ 
pal business centers, enough wrong-doing 
to attract the attention and excite the 
fears of all thoughtful men, is too true. 
That sin and wickedness more abound at 
the present than at any previous time, is 
doubtful. There are probably no writings 
extant that more clearly and truthfully 
show what human nature was, in the 
olden times, than the Proverbs of Solo¬ 
mon ; and they need no change in order 
to make them applicable to the same 
human nature at present. That the cen¬ 
ters of business attract from the country 
a large proportion of its enterprise and 
energy, is true; and that these talents are 
not always directed in the best channels, 
is also indisputable. Large cities are 
also the recipients of all immigrants. 
Of these it is only the more industrious 
who find their way to country homes, 
leaving the vile and dislion^. to lower 
the standard of morality, whicn would be 
low enough without them. 
We do not propose to take up the 
cudgel in defence of the morality of the 
city, not even to say to the country, in 
slang phraseology, “You’re another.” 
We would, however, suggest the impro¬ 
priety of one culinary utensil reflecting 
on the oomplexion of its neighbor, i^r 
usually the pot is as black hh the kettle. 
All immorality and dishonesty are not 
connected with energy and enterprise, 
and when these latter find their way to 
cities, the former, or some portions 
thereof, are left behind. 
The enormity of a crime is often judged 
by the amount of dollars involved,—but 
a theft is a theft be it of one dollar or a 
million,—and he who steals the one is j ust 
as far as, and no farther, from being an 
honest man than is the other. The coun¬ 
try was startled a few years ago by the 
revelations showing how the Tweed 
ring had misgoverned New York and 
misapplied the public funds. We believe 
we have within our knowledge small 
townships that have been managed with 
as little regard to the public good and 
with as much dishonesty in the applica¬ 
tion of public money, when the amounts 
are considered, as was New York in its 
worst davs. And the same will hold good 
as regards manufacturing companies, cor¬ 
porations and individuals. 
In cities a police force is sustained at 
large expense for the protection of prop¬ 
erty. In the country, a farmer iB obliged 
to build and maintain fences to prevent 
his neighbor from stealing his crops—by 
means of cattle—at an expense greater than 
would be believed, without actual mathe¬ 
matical calculation. 
If we were endeavoring to make a case 
against our country friends, it would be 
easy to remind them of a multitude of 
cases where the narrow path of morality 
is often overstepped. When have we 
seen a barrel of apples or potatoes that 
hud as good fruit in the middle or bottom 
as on the top ? Will the hoops abont the 
bales of hay be as heavy when a pound 
of wood is worth more than a pound of 
hay—or will eggs average larger when 
they are sold by weight instead of num¬ 
ber ? 
Little sins, so called, are often winked 
at, and there are many who would do you 
out of a dime to whom a dollar would be 
a stumbling block, and the stealing of a 
thousand dollars would seem an enormity 
at which the very gates of perdition would 
open. The temptations for wrong doing 
are greater in the city than in the coun¬ 
try, Expensive habits of dress and liv¬ 
ing, indulged in by those who have 
money to spare, beget a want for the 
same things in those of limited incomes, 
to satisfy which, sense of right is put 
aside and sin committed, and while the 
prayer, “ Lead us not into temptation,” 
should be on every lip, it seems more 
necessary for him of city life and influ¬ 
ences. But the power of resistance 
Bhould grow in pace with surroundings, 
and we make no exouse for the sinner on 
this ground. When Adam eat the apple, 
his punishment was none the less because 
Eve gave it to him, nor her’s because she 
was tempted by the serpent. As a man 
thinketh, so is he. If covetousness, de¬ 
ceitfulness, untruthfulness, avarioious- 
ness, have place in a man’s heart, and he 
allows them to so gain ascendency over 
his uprightness and honesty, even in trifles 
. where opportunities are limited as in the 
country, what shall prevent his allowing 
them full sweep when a city life puts 
him in position to gratify them ? Noth¬ 
ing b^t an awakened sense of right and 
j ustice, which sometimes comes to save 
him. If temptations are strong in the 
city, so is virtue. Innooence thrives best 
in the Country, but virtue in town. The 
depravity of a man in a quiet situation 
burns with a smoldering fire : put him 
amid the oxygen of an active life and it 
burns with a consuming flame. Who 
nmopg us dare pray, “ Lord, I thauk thee 
I-am not as other men ?” 
-»♦ ♦- 
DAIRYING WITH GARDENING. 
The drift of the American people is 
strongly towards cities and villages, and 
this, no doubt, arises to satisfy a desire 
for closer Bocial relations. More than 
half of the population of the most popu¬ 
lous States live in cities and villages, and 
are non-producers of food. This makes 
a large demand for the productions of 
market gardens, and these market gardens 
must be kept in a high state of fertility 
to produce remunerative crops. Con¬ 
tiguous to large cities manures may be 
obtained from city stables, but this is all 
absorbed by a small proportion of the 
gardeners, and the much greater number 
must depend upon other sources for fer¬ 
tilizers. Stable manures are so bulky 
that the cost of handling them more than 
five to eight miles renders thenyiuprofit- 
able. We have known gardeners to ex¬ 
pend more in hauling manures fifteen 
miles from the city than the same ma¬ 
nures could have been produced for at the 
garden. These city manures cost, de¬ 
livered eight mileB, not less than six dol¬ 
lars per cord. The same fertilizing mate¬ 
rial can be made at the garden from cows 
and pigs for less money. If we suppose 
(which is not too high) that a cow will 
make five cords of as good manure per 
year, this part of her product would be 
worth §30. A judicious selection of cows 
and proper feeding will give a small pro¬ 
fit on the cost of labor and keeping iu 
the production of milk, and the manure 
might be considered a sufficient profit. 
We are aware that the gardener will 
have many objections to dairying for the 
supply of the manure required. He will 
be apt to object, first, that the extra 
labor will be too great to add to his 
gardening. But a large part of this extra 
labor may be performed by the men re¬ 
quired to drive his teams to the city for 
manure. The labor that hauls his’ ma¬ 
nure from the city will nearly suffice to 
care for and milk the cows. This labor 
occurs at stated times each day, and the 
balance of the tune this help may be 
used in gardening labor. He will not 
require the labor of his expert hands in 
gardening for the dairy. The work of 
the dairy is separate occupation, and he 
will find these assistants outside the gar¬ 
dening class. Dairy products are always 
cash and will meet the expenses of this 
part of his business. 
Another objection will be, that he has 
not land enough to afford room for cows 
—no pasture, etc. It is quite true that 
most gardeners have no room fur pastur¬ 
ing cows, and the true Bystem of manure¬ 
making for gardening will not admit of 
pasturing. His object is to produce ma¬ 
nure and keep it within reach for use, and 
he does not want it scattered over the pas¬ 
ture. He must keep as many cows as 
space will permit. Pasturing’ does not 
belong to his system. The soiling sys¬ 
tem is here precisely his trump card. 
This does uot require improper confine¬ 
ment of cows. A yard with abundance of 
pure water, where his cows may exercise 
and take the air, is all that is required ou 
that point; they will be fed in stable 
with green food in summer. He should 
keep not less than two oows for each aero 
actually in garden crop. Let us see how 
completely soiling comes to his aid. 
Every gardener knows the advantage of 
reBt for the laud in these exhausting 
crops, and what new vigor is infused into 
it by seeding to clover for a year or two— 
and on this account, not more than one- 
third to one-half is cultivated eaoh year 
in garden crops. This land, taking a 
short rest, will raise fine crops of clover 
and other grasses, with annual crops to 
come between cuttings, and furnish all 
the green food required, besides a large 
portion of the winter fodder. 
Then note how the gardener may save 
everything he raises and turn it to good 
account. Peas sown for market will 
make excellent soiling food after the last 
picking. Green pea vines make good 
milk, lief use cabbages, carrot and beet 
tops all turn to cash in the dairy. A 
large amount of such green food is fur¬ 
nished by a garden. But as the object of 
the gardener will be manure, he will not 
confine himself merely to feeding what 
grows ou his own land, but will buy free¬ 
ly what he can feed with a profit. He 
will desire not only that his cows shall 
produce largely, but that the manure 
shall be of the best quality. He will 
therefore feed grain liberally, as he may 
well afford it, for it will be repaid every 
night in milk. Corn meal, oat-meal, pea- 
meal, and middlings of wheat will be 
fully paid for in butter at twenty-five 
cents or cheese at ten cents. 
-- 
The Native Flowers and Ferus 
of the United States.—We call at¬ 
tention to our remarks respecting this 
worthy work, in the Bubal New Yorker 
of June 8, p. 364. It was at first pro¬ 
posed to make one series of two volumes 
as a trial and to issue successive series if 
the public seemed to value it. We are 
happy to know that the public do value 
it, and that the publishers (L. Prang & 
Co., Boston,) have been encouraged to 
go on with another series. 
■-- 
BREVITIES. 
Diosoorea batatas 1h now in bloom. The air 
about it is redolent of the odor of Cinnamon. 
A Dutch paper states that the flavor of coffee 
may he greatly improved and its delicate aroma 
increased by adding a little bi-ciirhonato of soda 
to the water with which it is made. 
Seo’y G a uki eld, from Luh ohsei rations during 
a late Eastern trip, is satisfied that “as farms 
run in Western N. Y. they are not so well man¬ 
aged as those in Southern Michigan,” 
Nutiuno is more true than that many men of 
great natural abilities psss their jives in obscur¬ 
ity for the reason that they love the pursuit of 
knowledge more than they do the pruise of the 
world. 
In the American Naturalist for August is an 
article by Professor W. J. Beal, of tbe Michi¬ 
gan Agricultural College, upon the fertilization 
of Utricularia and Pj xidanthera. The special 
contrivance by which it is shown that insects 
are needed for thi- work is well portrayed by 
well-executed engravings. 
Dn. Hoskins says : “ Either a typographical or 
chirographical error (probably the latter, as I 
find 1 am very prone to “ hetornpbomy," think¬ 
ing one thing and saying or writing another,) 
caused my article on Dairying Fallacies iu Bubal 
of June 29th, to say ‘'chemical and physical," 
where I meant, “ chemical and optical " Chem¬ 
istry was a branch of physics when I went to 
school, and probably still remains so. 
Mb. E. P. Roe, the enterprising small-fruit 
cultivator of Cornwall-ou-the-Hudson replied to 
queries of ours, during a brief call a few days 
since, as follows: “TheThwack Raspberry is a 
weed on account of its persistent suckuring 
habit”—“Oow manure is of all manures the 
best for the Strawberry ”-‘‘Tho Great Ameri¬ 
can Strawberry is great only in particular local¬ 
ities and under the liighest culture,” 
Quit horliculturally inexperienced friends are 
reminded that, the budding season is at hand. 
They may refer to the It. N. Y. of July 28, last 
year, for particulars We think, however, that 
for those who arc possessed of a pinch of dex¬ 
terity, the following abridgment may answer: 
We’li take a rose. Cut iu the bark of the stem 
two slits forming a T iu outline. Then out off 
a hud from another variety with enough of the 
bark tq form a shield half an inch long, and in¬ 
sert this shield iu the perpendicular part of the 
T. Bind it with yaru or bars. 
In the exuutsilo poem by Mr. Samuel B. Par¬ 
sons, The Music of the Trees, published iu the 
ItUftAL of July 27, the third lino (verse) of the 
first stanza was omitted. The stanza should 
have read: 
There's innate in the wild wind’s roar. 
And in the thunder's crash ; 
There's music on the rippled shore, 
And in the waves that lush, 
With crested beauty, on the brow 
Of rocks all hour und mossed. 
Singing their melancholy dirge 
For the over loved and lost. 
Prof. Lazknby, in an account of his garden ex¬ 
periments at Cornell University, published in 
The Husbandman, rates Philadelphia Extra 
Early peas as or “ good ” quality, placing them 
ou a par with McLean’s Little Gem wiiich is 
generally admitted to be one of the sweetest 
peas iu cultivation. Philadelphia is no doubt 
for most localities the earliest. In our experi¬ 
ments with twenty-seven varieties, we found it 
two days ahead. But to our taste it was of the 
poorest quality. It is in fact so insipid that we 
would prefer to go without peas a few days for 
Laxtou’s Alpha, 
Since writing the above we read under 
"Notes from tho Pines” (Am. Ag.): ‘‘Seeds¬ 
men make a point of five days in tbo.earliness of 
peas, but I had rather wait twice five days 
and get peas like tho KeotiBb Invicta than 
to bother with such flavorless things as the 
Daniel O'Rourke.” In tho article above referred 
to (Rural of Sept. 15) is tho following: " Kent¬ 
ish Iuvicta. First picking June 14. Narrow 
flat pods averaging four paaB. Uniform sizo, 
well filled, bluish green color. The flavor is no 
bolter than that of tho whiter varieties. Jane 
25, all gone." From all of which we may con¬ 
clude that it is hard to settle upon any one 
variety of fruit or vegetable to suit all tastes 
alike. 
