VOL. XXXVII. No. 35.1 
WHOLE No. 1492. j 
NEW YORK CITY, AUG. 31, 1878. 
(PRICE SIX CENTS. 
I $2.50 PER YEAR, 
[Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1878, by the Rural Publishing Company, in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.] 
Thk Wild Oatti.e of Chillingham, 
Eugland, are supposed to have descend¬ 
ed from the ancient nrus, whose im¬ 
mense Bize may bo gathered from the 
fact that the skull of a nrus found in 
Scotland, now in the British Museum, 
measures a yard in length, while the 
span of the horn cores is three feet six 
A. PRIZE CIIAROLAI8E BUL.IL. 
sometimes on one side and then again on the 
other side. In the meadows there were also 
several large holeH half-full of stagnant water 
and bordered with weeds and brash, while in 
two or three places a few acres had been 
plowed. The rest of the fields also had very 
unsightly holes and ditches in them, and, ex¬ 
cepting some new walls by the roadsides and a 
little fencing around paddocks, there was no 
kind of protection to crops or any means of 
making the best of pasture. 
Yet such a farm in Australia, is called a model 
farm, and a native who knows nothing what¬ 
ever of modern breeds of cattle, modern im¬ 
provements in agriculture, uuder-drain- 
ing or application of manure, has charge 
of this one and thinks it the finest in the 
world. 
FACTS. 
are said to be stubborn things. There are 
Borne which are difficult to understand, 
and by stating a few of them, it will be 
seen that in many respects they are stran¬ 
ger than fiction. 
If a man has a fit of sickness, his cheeks 
will become very hollow, and if a cow ails 
it is said her horns are hollow and an op¬ 
eration is generally proposed by the good 
old farmer and his neighbors; bat nobody 
does anything to the man's cheeks, nor 
does a doctor call the sickness “ hollow- 
cheek.” 
When it was reported in the newspapers 
that Mb. Behgh had been trying to have a 
man punished for cntting a horse’s tail off, 
it made me think of the evil which is said 
to exist in a cow's tail, and that it would 
have been a good defence to have said the 
horse had the “ tail-evil" necessitating 
the cutting off of that appendage. 
Is is well-known by everybody that an 
American is altogether much better able to 
manage live stock and farms generally than a 
native of any other country, yet how is it for¬ 
eigners are bo often put in charge ? 
It is conceded Americans are much more in¬ 
ventive than any of the inhabitants of other 
countries and are more industrious—why, then 
is it necessary to pay protective duty which 
robs every one furnishing a house with crock¬ 
ery, cutlery, bedding etc., also all those who 
require and use agricultural implements and 
wearing apparel. 
It is said this foolish protection is the cause 
of England doing all the carrying trade: for 
Americans are not allowed to bay ships where 
they are cheapest, consequently England can 
convey every kind of merchandise much lower, 
and by doing so there is comparatively nothing 
done by the shipping of the United States. 
Protection gives the manufacturers of New Eng¬ 
land a great profit on the cotton and 
other goods made there ; but all the 
customers they have are their own 
countrymen, for other nations will 
not buy of them when the Euglish sell 
about 30 per oeut lower. It is thus 
Americans try to raise tax on English 
manufactures and foreign articles of 
every kind, in doing which they cause 
the necessaries of life to be dearer 
than elsewhere, so that the cost of 
living is heavier than in older coun¬ 
tries. 
Education is oheaper and boys and 
girls are kept at school much longer 
here than in England, yet almost all 
the rural population still believe the 
moon will have an evil influence on 
wounds, on vegetables planted and on 
meat cured at certain stages. A far¬ 
mer's daughter, next house to ours, al¬ 
ways has her meat cut when the moon 
is at full because it would grow better. 
Another neighbor, and there are many 
like him elsewhere, will not commence 
any new work on a Friday. 
An Old Hand 
Ifrirsmait. 
A PRIZE DANISH COW. 
when feeble are gored to death by their fellows. 
A breed similar to the Chillingham cattle, ex¬ 
isted in Wales in the tenth century, being white 
with red ears ; and Welsh chronicles relate how, 
once upon a time, a Prince of Wales demanded 
as compensation for certain injuries, 100 white, 
or 150 black cattle. 
.faint atopies. 
FARM MUSINGS. 
WHERE IQHORANCE IS BUSS 'TIS FOLIY TO BE WISE. 
If a man thinks he has the beBt home in the 
world, he must from thinking so, be a happy man 
and it would be folly indeed to try to make him 
feel otherwise. If the same or any other man 
imagines he has the very best managed farm in 
been fenced into small fields by a former owner, 
but now the walls lay scattered about in all di¬ 
rections, the best stones having been fetched 
away and the useless ones left. The whole sur¬ 
face of these fields was about half covered with 
fixed stones, some of which could be pried 
while others required blasting. In addition to 
this covering with stones, brush-wood aud briers 
occupied all of the ground beBt fitted for grass, 
and in some places water coming from springs 
on the hill-side, ran over the surface so that 
while the land remained in such a state no im¬ 
provement was possible. 
Some meadows came next into view, which 
had a brook running down the middle ; on each 
side of this were many acres covered with all 
kinds of weeds, and moreover this wild, dis¬ 
graceful-looking ground had all the top soil 
washed away by changes in the course of the 
stream which waB still making farther inroads, 
PRIZE CATTLE AT THE PARIS EXPO¬ 
SITION. 
The portraits which we present are engraved 
from photographs taken at the Paris cattle show 
for the London Agricultural Gazette. The Ga¬ 
zette says that the cow, 7 years and 3 months 
old, is the property of M. Ie Comte de ICrag «Tuel 
Wind Frys, of Halsted-Maribo, Denmark. (This 
is copied from the official catalogue.) She is of 
the small red Danish breed, of which about ten 
specimens were exhibited, making, how¬ 
ever, a great impression as to their quali¬ 
ties as a dairy breed, i. e., as to their power 
of converting all their food into milk. They 
were in a perfectly healthy and prosperous 
condition, but as nearly mere skin and bone 
as any animals in a condition for exhibition 
well could be. This particular cow is one 
the editor happened to measure. She iB 56 
inches long, taken in the usual way from 
the front of the Bboulder to the perpen¬ 
dicular line representing fairly the outline 
behind; and, as she stood, there was no 
projection of the bosom beyond the pointon 
the shoulder to which the measure reach¬ 
ed. She girthed 5 feet ten luohes at thq 
narrowest part behind the shoulder, aud 7 
foot 7 inches round the abdomen. Her 
back was 45 inches high at the shoulderB, 
and the belly line immediately below that 
point, was 19 inches from the floor. 
The bull, two years old, represents the 
massive Charclaiae—the breed which prob¬ 
ably, of all the French breods, most nearly 
corresponds to our own Shorthorns, being, , 
as a general rule, shorter, and, if one may 
say so, chubbier. The Charolaise breed is 
white and Short-horned, and carries a good 
quality of meat on a very symmetrical and well- 
made frame. This particular animal, it will be 
seen, possesses a good rump and thigh, and is 
good over the loins, fairly well covered on the 
back and crops aud sides and well filled tip both 
in front and behind the shoulders. He shows 
also a fairly good bosom, wide and llosby. He 
is not well covered along the lower part of the 
sides—the flank and plates and chest. Of the 
bull heie represented, No. 640 in the catalogue, 
the Ag. Gazette gives the measurements. He 
girths 7 feet 3 inches bohind the shoulders ; his 
back is 48 inches, and his belly line 22 iuohes 
from the floor at the same place, aud his length 
taken as before, is 64 inches. 
The Charolaise breed may possibly have had 
and may hereafter have a cross of the Short¬ 
horn. The white color is an essential feature of 
the breed; aud if, by the aid of Shorthorns— 
white for several generations, and not 
likely, therefore, to transmit any other 
color—the breed could obtain extra size 
and earlier maturity without losing 
hardiness of constitution, it is probable 
that good would be done. Mr. Tboruton 
acting on a French commission, has pro¬ 
cured bulls of the neoessary character 
for this purpose, and no doubt enter¬ 
prising French breeders will try experi¬ 
ments. But we can easily exciiHe the 
conservatism of those who, satisfied that 
they have already got an admirable breed 
in their hands, whether for labor or for 
beef, should prefer to Heek its improve¬ 
ment by care and good judgment, with¬ 
out going beyond the limits of the breed 
itself for the rneaus. 
inches. The Chillingham breed is of a white 
color, except the tips of the horns, which are 
dark; and the ears and muzzle which are red 
and brown respectively. Uniformity of color 
however, is secured by the slaughter of all 
calves which differ from the pure lype. They 
hide their young and feed in the night, basking 
or sleeping during the day. They are fierce 
when pressed, but generally very timorous, mov¬ 
ing off on the appearance of any one even at a 
great distance. The balls engage in fierce con¬ 
tests for the leadership of the herds and the 
wounded are set upon by the others and killed. 
Thus few bulls attain a great age,and even these 
this world, or in any other, it would be a pity to 
undeceive him, unless the farm was held up as 
a pattern and was really calculated to mislead in 
such a way as to injure the prosperity of agri¬ 
culture generally. 
A MODEL FARM. 
There is bucU an instance in Australia and, 
some years ago, a man went to see it. Having 
gone by railroad, on arriving at the place, 
the conductor stopped the cars and let 
the visitor get out at a station used for the con¬ 
venience of the farm. It was at the foot of a 
mountain, and the land near to the depot was in 
an extraordinarily rough condition. It had 
