UJ. 2 
THE 
RURAL HEW-VORKER. 
beans, $1 to $1 25 j potatoes, 60 to 70 cents; 
butter, 17 and 18 oents; eggs, 16; chickens, 7 
cents alive, and 1% dressed. f. h. d. 
OWENSBORO’, Ky., Oct., 10, 1STS. 
No frost yet to hurt the tenderest plant; 
weather very warm for Oct.; health hereabouts 
unusually good. The Daviess County ‘ ‘ Agri¬ 
cultural Hass Trot” is under way now—9, 10, 
11 inst.—havibg, as a secondanj feature, fine stock 
and other farm products. Past horses got big 
premiums and only 10 per cent, off j other tkingB, 
small premiums, with 30 per cent. off. Now is it 
an exhibit Such as ought to be made by an Agri¬ 
cultural, Horticultural and Mechanical Associa¬ 
tion, or is it merely what Josh Billings calls an 
“ Agricultural Hoss Trot ?” I think Josh is right. 
The tobacco crop is about 50 per cent, of last 
year's yield. Corn and potatoes are short; hay 
is fine. Irish potatoes are selling at 40 ots. per 
bushel; sweet potatoes, 40 to 50c. Hogs are 
plentiful, $3 £3.50 gross. Farmers are about 
half-way through seeding. A large area of 
graiu will bo sown. Wheat is worth 80c.; rye, 
45a The sorghum crop is good, the supply 
being greater than the demand; price 26 to 40c., 
according to quality. s. w. s. 
JONESYILLK, N. Y„ OCt. 15, 1878. 
Ouu season, from May to about the middle of 
August, was very wet. Oats were badly dam¬ 
aged iu gathering ; but few oscaped drenching 
showers. Most of the oat-straw was ruined for 
feeding purposes. Corn is a fair crop. Pota¬ 
toes can baldly be mentioned as a crop iu this 
section; but few were planted, and the yield is 
very light. Mauy farmers, who formerly raised 
potatoes largely for market, will have to buy for 
family use. Grass was a fine crop. Prices 
range as follows: Oats, S0@35e.; corn, 50@ 
55c.; rye. same as corn; potatoes, 62@63 per 
barrel; butter, 20c. per lb.; pork, £5.50 per 
hundred. The weather, at this writing, iB de¬ 
lightful. There has been but little rain for 
weeks past. No heavy frosts. Apples abund¬ 
ant ; market glutted; mauy are selling fine 
grafts for from 50c. to SI per barrel, f, b. w. 
Pensacola, Florida, Oct. Hath. 
This is a place of about 4,000 permanent in¬ 
habitants, a number increased by about from 
1,500 to 2,000 every winter and spring,during the 
season for shipping timber. Our harbor, con¬ 
sisting of a part of Escambia Bay, is tho finost 
in the Mexican Gulf, aud capable of affording 
ample anchorage to the fleets of tho world, while 
the depth of water ou tho bar at its entrance, is 
enough to allow the largest vessels to pass. 
From 100 to 500 sailing vessela of all kinds are 
at anchor here iu the winter months, takiug on 
board hewed timber—chiefly yellow pine- 
brought down in large rafts from Escambia and 
Santa Rosa counties, Fla., and from the lower 
parts of Ala. w. h. o. 
Wexford Co., Mich., Oct. sth. 
We have had a long, warm season here with 
no very hard storms or very severe droughts. 
The frosts in the spring damaged winter wheat 
to some extent, still it was a fair crop. O wing 
to tho cool, backward spring the hay crop was 
not as good as usual with us. Oats aud corn 
are good. Potatoes are fair. The potato 
beetles have left this place for parts unknown. 
Prices are low, though perhaps better than they 
will average throughout the couutry. Wheat, 
75c. to 8Ue.; oats, 25c.; potatoes, 40c. per bush. 
Any one wanting good laud at cheap rates, in 
a healthy locality, will do well to come here. 
j. s. G. 
Brighton, Montgomery Co., MiL, Oct. sth. 
Wheat sowing is progressing rapidly, while 
some fields are already commencing to show a 
greenish tinge. The most popular varieties 
of wheat hereabouts are the Fultz and Boughton. 
The Fultz iB gaining popularity by its better 
yield, though its quality is not the best. Wheat 
this year is below an average orop. Corn, on 
poor laud, is above an average ; on rich, below, 
owing to an excess of rain in tbo early part of 
tho season. Early potatoes are a fair crop; 
late, not yet dug. The butter market is im¬ 
proving ; the beBt print is now selling for 40o. 
wholesale in Washington market. g. l. s. 
New Richland, Logan Co., O. 
Chops hereabouts are good; wheat, never was 
better in this county ; corn is a fair crop; oats 
and hay are good; fruit is a fail- crop : apples, 
however, are not as plentiful as two je.arB ago. 
Stock of all kinds are low ; horses are very dull 
sale; fat oat tie, £3 50 ; stook, £3 00; hogs, 63.50 
to £3.75 Gram, too, is very low; wheat. 85 to 
88o. per bush. ; corn, 35o.; oats, 18c. Wages 
from 61 to 61.25 per day. from 615 to 620 per 
mouth. Ham Is have been very hard to get this 
fall— plenty of tramps, but they will not work. 
Land is worth from $40 to 675 per acre. 
Painesvii.lk, L ike Co., O. 
The crop of grapes this season is not such aB 
to inspire enthusiasm with regard tu the future 
of grape culture. m. b. b. 
Arkanbas City. Cowley Co., Kan., Oct. 11. 
Wheat here brings only 40o. per bushel. 
___ T. 0. B. 
Cambridge, Mass., Oct. 10 ,1878. 
No froBts, but leaves are falling. w. f. 
oigf (fumst, 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
Grasses for a permanent Pasture. 
Fan, Brown Co,, Wis., says: “ My thanks are 
due to Messrs. Curtis and Beal for their infor¬ 
mation about Orchard-grass. I am trying a Bmall 
plot and an acquaintance is doing the same. 
There is a defect in our meadows owing to our 
giving too much attention to lumbering until 
within the last four or five years, aud letting 
our fanning take care of itself. We sow only 
clover aud Timothy and tho clover dies while tho 
Timothy runs out in wet spots, aud in come 
water, reeds aud coarse grass. Now what mix¬ 
ture would Prof. Beal reoommend for a perma¬ 
nent pasture or rather for a lot near the house 
on which to turn cows at night—soil a heavy red 
clay on a blue clay subsoil ? 
ANSWER BY PROFESSOE W. J. BEAL. 
Yes, the clover dies iu two years unless 
it is reseeded, as it only claims to be a 
biennial aud the Timothy runs out in a 
short time as it is unfit for a pasture grass in 
any place, exoept for a single season. If ®iv 
chard-grass be used alone, bow two oi three 
bushels to the acre. Instead of Timoth), now 
June-grass; also Meadow-fescue, If gra. ; s 
wanted, there is no advantage in sowing oats • 
rye or anything elso to shade it, any more tha i 
there would be iu planting corn in a field of wheat 
to shade the young wheat plants. If sown early 
in spring without any other crop, the graas will 
start early, and the owner will doubtless be as¬ 
tonished to see how fast it grows. I should sow, 
to guess at the location, a bushel of Orchard- 
grass, a bushel of June-grass and a peck of 
Meadow-fescue. All these are of good quality, 
and with suitable soil and climato, will last for 
many years. 
Works on Farriery. 
W. C. P., Pierport, Midi., asks for the name 
of the best complete work on farriery, suitable 
for ordinary farmers. 
Ans.— There is a considerable amount of dif¬ 
ference of opinion with regard to the merits 
of the works of various authors who have wit- 
ten on diseases of tho horso. Even among 
those who are acknowledged experts in th6 
veterinarian profession there is a world of dis¬ 
agreement as to the best methods of treatment 
of some very ordinary ailments. Amid bu^L i 
conflicting opinions it would, therefore, be no ■ 
easy matter to decide absolutely which is the 
best work on ibis vexed subject. A few of those 
we consider among the best are hero mentioned i 
in what we think their order of merit. 
American Editions of Foreign Works.— 
Stonehenge’s—The Horse in the Stable and 
Field, 8vo, 63.60 ; 12mo, 62. 
Mayhew’s Ill. Horse Doctor, 63. 
Works by American Authors. — Stewart’s 
American Farmer’s Horae, 63. 
Jennings on the Horse aud his diseases, 61.75, 
Dad's Modern Horse Doctor, 61 50. 
Certainly among the best works on the dis¬ 
eases of farm animals is the Farmer’s Veter¬ 
inary Adviser, by Prof. Law, of Cornell Univer¬ 
sity, price 63. 
Any of these can be procured through this 
office. 
Germination of Seeds. 
A. C. W., Hugo , III., asks how to raise the 
following plants, from seed -. Clematis, Purple¬ 
leaved Berberry, Doutzia gracilis, Weigek, Al- 
thtea, Cornua sanguinea, Juniper, Norway 
Spruce, Australian Pine, etc. 
Ans.— Clematis seeds generally require a 1 ng 
time to germinate — sometimes one, some¬ 
times two years. Plauted now, many may ger¬ 
minate next spring ; but most would not until 
another year. Dautzias, Weigelas aud the other 
shrubB will germinate readily; those of the ever¬ 
greens mentioned will also germinate readily if 
planted as soon as ripe. A good plan is to sow 
them now in cold-frames. 
Making Hard-Stick Candy. 
A. ill. O., Savannah, Ga., askB for a recipe 
for making hard stick candy. 
Ans.— The hard-stick candy is made by using 
8J*j pounds sugar, 1% pint of water, and 
1 teaspoonful of cream-of -tartar. If it is wished 
to make the clear candy, manipulate the 
mass as little as possible after turning 
out ou greased tins ; if clouded candy is wanted, 
pull it or stir it until the desired opaqueness is 
secured. How to Make Candy” a book coating 
50 cents, and to be had through this office, gives 
complete directions for making all kinds. 
When to Plant Strawberries. 
Li. T. 8., Bear Canon, Col., asks how late may 
Strawberry plants be set out, and how are they 
usually sent a long distanoe by mail. 
Ans.— Strawberry plants, if properly put up, 
may be sent upon a week's journey without ma¬ 
terially harming them. The sooner they are set 
out the better. They need some time before 
sharp frosts to become “established” in their 
new quarters. There is very little gained by 
fall planting. A partial orop is secured the first 
summer, but we fancy that thiB is lost subse¬ 
quently. 
Is there a Mole Exterminator7 , 
W. H. M., Haddonjield, 2V. .J., having had his 
entire front lawn badly cut up by moles, and 
having vainly tried several kinds of traps against 
them, inquires for some method of getting rid 
oi the pest. 
Ans.- -Speaking for ourselves, we cannot give 
our correspondent any remedy. We have been 
troubled the same as he has been for years, and 
have tried everything that seemed to give the 
least promise of exterminating or driving them 
off, without any success commensurate with oar 
pains. Has auy reader of the Rural ever found 
an efficacious method of extirpating the annoy¬ 
ance ? 
Miscellaneous. 
Enoch Auter, Cedar Co., Iowa, raised the 
Lost Nation Wheat this year. It suffered from 
the heat just like other varieties, but it yielded 
2C bushels per acre while they yielded only tea. 
He asks the difference between Lost Nation and 
Defiance Wheat. 
Ans.—T he Defiance is a spring wheat orig¬ 
inated by Mr. Pringle, of Vermont, by hybrid- 
Lation. Lost Nation is an Oregon wheat. 
There is some sort of story attached to it about 
its being found iu a mound, which is, no doubt, 
all humbug—like the other wheat that also came 
from Oregon, that was said to have been taken 
from a mid goose’s crop, and which was said to 
have come from a long distance. But how far 
a wild goose could carry wheat in its crop before 
it vac giuzarded aud digested, we don’t exactly 
know, but uot more than a few hours, probably. 
A. J. M., Seneca Falls, A'. 1'., asks, 1. For a 
good recipe for coloring hair. 2. The name of 
the best work on cherub try, which a farmer 
could study at home. 
Ans. —1. There arc numerous preparations 
fer coloring hair, all claiming to be the best. 
Never having used any of them, we are unable to 
sii, in judgment upon these claims. The next 
barber would be bettor able to advise on this 
topic. 2. Johnson’s Agricultural Chemistry, 
61.75; Norton’s Scientific Agriculture, 75o; 
Johuson’s How Crops Feed aud How Crops 
Grow, 62 each, are among the best works of the 
| kind desired. All can be had through this 
office. 
P. H. F., Cobles kill, N. Y., asks us to re¬ 
publish an article on making capons, that ap¬ 
peared in the Rural some years ago. We would 
do so to benefit him aud others, were it not that 
an article containing a full account of the mat¬ 
ter was published, among our Answers to Cor¬ 
respondents, as lately as the 20th of last April, 
on page 250 of current volume of the Rural 
Tools for performing the operation can be had 
at the office of the Pet Stook and Poultry Bulle¬ 
tin, Courtlandt street, N. Y. City. 
J. H., Summer Ion, Erie Co., Pa , asks for 
some remedy or preventive of a repetition next 
year of the depredations of the little white mag¬ 
got that last season destroyed the 6,000 Cabbage 
plants he bad set out. 
Ans. —From the date of this note it is evident 
that it was written before he received the last 
number of tbo Rural, which contained, among 
Answers to Correspondents, two notices of this 
pest. We would refer him to these, and also to 
an article ou the Cabbage Piusia, in the Rural 
of Oct. 12, and to another on exterminating the 
Cabbage Butterfly, in our issue of Feb. 2. 
Mrs. IV. V., Oxford Center, OnL, asks, 1. 
now can Brompton Stocks and Wall-flowers be 
best protected through winter ? 2. If Verbenas 
are kept in a cellar, do they require much light 
and water through the winter ? 3. The names 
of the four best varieties of Grapes for glass¬ 
house, and the best time to plant them ? 
Ans.— lBt. In a cold frame ; or planted in 
boxes and kept in a light, airy cellar. 
21. AU the light available ; only enough water 
to keep the soil slightly moist. 
3d. Black Hamburgh, Victoria Hamburgh, 
Lady Downes, and Buckland Sweetwater. Plant 
in early spring. But both in the oase of vari¬ 
eties to plant anil time of planting, much de¬ 
pends on local circumstances. 
O. B. J., Battle Creek, Mich., asks where he 
can get a good, practical work on poultry-keep¬ 
ing. 
Ans —Tegetmeier’s Poultry Book, 69. Blun¬ 
der's Domestic Poultry Book, cloth. 75s.; paper, 
40c. Wright’B Practical Poultry-keeper. 62. 
To be had through this office. 
L. IV. S-, Pilcher, 2V. Y. % asks the name of the 
tunnel on the Erie R. R. Just before it reaches 
Jersey City. 
Ans —Bergen tunnel. 
Communications received for the week ending 
Saturday, Octber 19th : 
L. A. R—W. F. W.—O. B. J.—VV. J. B.—F, H. D. 
—A C. W.—P W. II.—C. C. G —J. T. L.—J. T-— 
A. D -C. D.-S. T.-tT. T. S.-H. S.-W. B. P.- 
U. H. C.-S. B. P.-S. D. H.-T. H. H.-W. S. C.— 
F. B. H.—S. E. R. S. thanks.—L. L.—F. B. W.— 
J. n. K.—L. A. It.—W. F.—G.—C. C. A.-J. J. H.— 
II. P.—T. H. H.—A. A. M.—W. J. B.—C. C. G.— 
A. B. C — 
fnimstrial |m| Inn nits. 
SILVER AND DEMING FEED CUTTER. 
The illustrations in this department this week 
are explanatory of a new power feed cutter made 
by the Silver and Deming Ylfg. Co., Salem, Ohio. 
The striking peculiarity of the machine is an in¬ 
dependent safety fly-wheel, easily adjusted, and 
rendering au important service. The small cut 
shows Du s wheel detached. When applied to 
the shaft the nuts shown at B, are tightened 
just enough to prevent the wheel from turning 
on its disc when the cutter is unobstructed. The 
instant irou or other hard substance enters its 
throat the knives cease revolving, but the fly¬ 
wheel continues to revolve, thus avoiding ac¬ 
cidents that may be caused by a high speed when 
abruptly stopped; also oscillation of the fly 
wheel is prevented. The feed-cutter itself con¬ 
tains important features that we will briefly sum¬ 
marise. The adjustable feed roller has au extend¬ 
ed vertical movement without materially altering 
i > the mesh of the gear wheel, which device over¬ 
comes strains caused by over-feeding. It is also 
maintained parallel with the stationary roller. 
The length of cut may be quickly changed without 
employing detached gear-wheels, that might be 
1 lost, or worse, run through the * .acliiue. No 
very small pinions are used, and the cutter-bar 
; is made of hardened steel accurately ground. 
| which secures a durable, sharp edge, 
j The machine received the highest honors a 
; the Centennial for possessing the above good 
points. Five sizes are made ranging from a 
nine- to a twenty-inch knife. The cutter is 
commonly equipped with two knives, but four 
are furnished, if desired, at au increased price. 
The nine-inch machine is made for baud use but 
may be run by power. The mechanical finish 
and material seem to be, in every respect, satis¬ 
factory, and the work is performed in a superior 
and rapid maimer. Circulars containing details 
may be had on application. 
