HE HU RAJ. 
county. Such fruit experts as Dr. Warder of 
Ohio and Dr. Furn s of Indiana, who were pres¬ 
ent and served on the Fruit Committee, so pro¬ 
nounced. No finer specimens could be desired 
than were shown of Bart’etts, Seckels, Law¬ 
rence, Beurre d’ Anjou. Duchesse d’ Angonleme, 
Sheldon, Howell, Belle Lucrative, Doyenne Bous- 
sock, Buffum, Vicar, White Doyenne, Flemish 
Beauty, Louise Bonne, Swan's Orange, Beurre 
Diel, Glout Moroeau and other leading and well- 
known, excellent varieties. Some destructive 
instances of pear blight I know. Bat these 
were owing to improper selection of location 
and want of treatment. It is not my purpose 
here to give a dissertation on Pear culture, but 
simply to give a few rambling thoughts, with an 
expressed opinion that Pear culture, well direct¬ 
ed, can be made as profitable as the culture of 
other fruits. 
BEN DAVIS APPLE IN NEBRASKA.— (See cut, p. 727.) 
What we in Nebraska, and in the West gen¬ 
erally, cultivate under the name of “Ben Da¬ 
vis,” in New York is known as “ New York 
Pippin,” if I mistake not. This apple, for profit, 
with us, heads the list. Very many of the most 
experienced would say: “ If I were to plant one 
hundred apple trees for profit, at least ninety of 
them should be Ben. Davis." It comes into 
bearing early, bears regularly each successive 
small peaches, considering its vast prolificacy— 
a very valuable yellow-fleshed, Jate-ripening sort. 
Bilten’s October .- The tree is not a great 
bearer, but the fruit has some striking charac¬ 
teristics. It resembles an Old Mixon, hanging 
long before ripening, which it does in October in 
ordinary seasons. It surpasses all other varie¬ 
ties known to me as a free stone keeper. I 
have kept them on a shelf or in an ordinary 
room four weeks after pulling, yet they showed 
no signs of rot at the end of that time ; having 
only shriveled slightly on account of the dry 
atmosphere ; blossom large ; tree a good 
grower. 
Bessie Comet, 
No. 5810, A. J. C. C. H. R. Two rears old. Dropped 
her last calf March 11,1878. 
Gave tn June.... 541 lbs. of milk. 
" Juiv.395 
” Almost. 489 “ “ 
September. 499 “ “ 
October. 517 •* “ 
Amount in ave months. 2441 “ “ 
The last heifer weighs only 450 to 500 pounds, 
live weight. He would like to hear from others 
as to the amount of milk they get from their 
registered Jerseys. In this case, the milk was 
weighed directly after milking each cow and he 
can vouch for the correctness of this record. 
EXPERIMENT IN PLANTING CORN 
F. HODGMAN 
Here is the result of an experiment which I 
tried the present year, to learn the comparative 
values of different methods of planting corn with 
regard to the amount of seed used and distance 
apart. For this purpose, when planting, I se¬ 
lected a plat of ground in the field 
which was as nearly uniform in qual- 
\ ity as I could find. It had received 
no manure for three years. 
I first planted four rows twenty 
inches apart, putting one kernel in a 
hill and making the hills twenty 
1 here were 
GRAPE LEAVES.—No. Ill, 
inches apart iu t'ie rows, 
thirty hills in a row. 
Next to these I planted four 
This northeast portion of Alabama, embracing 
a spur of the Blue Ridge, which is but a continu¬ 
ation of the great Apalachian Chain running 
parallel with the Atlautic coast, is certainly well 
adapted to the culture of certain varieties of the 
vine ; and if our people could only become 
awake of that fact, this could easily be made a 
wine-producing region. 
In addition to the Scuppernong and its volun¬ 
teer seedlings, to which most of my first “ Leaf ” 
was devoted, there are other Grapes that are well 
suited to the various sections of the South and 
which could be made a source of considerable 
income. Tho well known Concord, with reason¬ 
able care, is here free from rot or mildew, and 
produces good crops of fine, large fruit. Sev¬ 
eral of my neighbors, owning but a few vines, 
make annually enough of excellent wine for 
their own nse from one vintage to the next, but 
notwithstanding the fact that there is no tax on 
wine made for sale in this State, there is very 
little made here. California, however, is report¬ 
ed to have furnished upwards of six million gal¬ 
lons for sale from her last vintage. This, at the 
very moderate price of one dollar per gallon, 
would bring to the State an income *qual to 
that from the sale of one hundred and twenty 
thouaaud bales of cotton at the present price, 
and when the faot is taken into consideration 
that wine is produced at far less expense than 
cotton, the actual profit must be very much 
greater. 
On one of oar mountain sides, in sight of my 
prolific vineyard, a stock company planted a 
large vineyard previous to the war, and employ¬ 
ed au Italian to manage it. They unwisely plant¬ 
ed mostly the Catawba, but they set out a few 
Scuppernongs also. As the Catawbas did not 
suit the locality, the vines did not bear fruit 
enough to pay the expenses, and as the yield 
from the few Scuppernongs would not justify 
keeping up the vineyard, it was abandoned and 
has gone to ruin. The Italian still lives there 
and ekes out a precarious livelihood by selling 
fruit from the few Scuppernongs—which still 
thrive through all their neglect—and from a few 
Concord vines and fruit trees he has s nee plant¬ 
ed. The old Catawba vineyard he plants in cot¬ 
ton, and he told me lately that he made only 
three hundred pound* of cotton on nine acres of 
it. If, instead of the insensate folly of attempt¬ 
ing to raise cotton, he had put out more Con¬ 
cords or Scupperuonge, he might now be inde¬ 
pendent, but he never seems to have realized 
that if one Concord or Scuppernong would thrive, 
he might as easily have ten thousand. 
I do not suppose I can hinder the production 
of our great staple, nor would I be so unwise as 
to do so if I could, but I might he instrumental 
in inducing some men to abandon a ruinous for a 
profitable crop. A certain man made, la6t year, 
from thy-ty-one Scuppernong vines, only four 
years old, thirty-four barrels or wine and expects 
to make fifty this year. That wine rarely sells for 
less than two dollars per gallon. Now the result 
can be easily figured up. 
The Concord requiring closer pruning, an acre 
will accommodate with ease three hundred and 
fifty to three hundred and seventy-five vines, 
producing three gallons of wine to each, making 
an aggregate of upwards of a thousand gallons 
of wine, whi.h, even at fifty cents a gallon, 
would bring iu a larger income tban could be 
derived from an equal area under ootton. Bnt 
this is not a cotton region, the best lands here 
rarely prodneing over two hundred and fifty or 
three hundred pounds per acre, while twelve 
long months of tedious toil are needed to plant, 
cultivate, gather, gin, pack and haul it to mar¬ 
ket, where only ten or twelve cents per pound 
can be got for it. Wine, on the other hand, is 
made in half the time and with far less than 
half the labor. Now, which has the balance in 
its favor ? Because St. Paul said to Timothy, 
“ Drink no longer water, but take a little wine 
for thy stomach's sake aud thine own infirmi¬ 
ties.'' I would not take advantage of this saying 
and encourage drunkeuuess. On the contrary, 
I have httle doubt that if pure native wine were 
in as general use with us as it is in Spain, France 
and Italy, there would be far less of the more 
baneful effects of distilled liquors throughout 
the country. 
Calhoun Co., Ala., Sept. 21, ists. 
rows 
I forty inches apart, putting two ker- 
I nels in a hill and making the hills 
/ twenty inches apart in the rows. There 
j were thirty Bills to tho row. 
/ Next I planted four rows forty 
J inches apart, making the hills forty 
J inches apart in the rows, and putting 
/ three kernels in a hill. There were fif- 
/ teen hills in a row. 
r Next, I planted four rows forty 
inches apart with the hills forty inches 
apart in the row, putting four kernels 
in the hill. 
Corn of the same variety grew adjacent to the 
plat on which the experiment was made, on all 
aides except the east. The corn came up well, 
but some stalks were destroyed by smut early in 
the season. So far ascultivation was concerned, 
it was all treated exactly alike, being kept clean 
and free from weeds by the use of a haud culti¬ 
vator four or five times during the season. It 
was not hoed, and there was no difference iu the 
relative amount of labor bestowed on the differ¬ 
ent parts of the plat. The corn was allowed to 
fully ripen on the stalks without catting. I 
have husked it with the following result: 
Lot Row . 
1 1. had 24 statics, bearing 37 ears, weighing 125£ 
2 , *" 28 " "28 “ •• ,ft|, 
3. " 28 •• •• & .. .. JO* 
Little Bed Romanite. 
Now, of course, I do not attempt to maintain 
that there are not other varieties equally meri¬ 
torious in some respects with those on the above 
list; for instance, of those ripening between 
Mountain Rose and Old Mixon Free. I might 
name Reeve’s Favorite—a very good Peach, 
somewhat shy in bearing. Stump-the-World, 
Boer’s Melocoton, Ward’s Late, etc—all fine 
Peaches, but no better than those on the list, iu 
any respect, while tho seasoD from Troth’s to 
the close is completely covered by those named. 
It will be observed that there are no Cling- 
Btones in the foregoing collection; the reason for 
which may be briefly stated as follows : The 
Heath and its progeuy are the only Clings that 
possessed anything like substantial merits as 
market peaches ; but in the last five years they 
have for some cause deteriorated to such au ex¬ 
tent as to render them unprofitable and unpop¬ 
ular. 
Carolina Co., Md, 
TWELVE GOOD MARKET VARIETIES 
PEACHES. 
j. w. kerb, 
Fob market purposes the varieties riDening 
before Troth’s Early have no representative on 
the Eastern shore of Maryland. Very early Peach 
es are grown South, and, of course, these reach 
market ahead of those grown on our “ 
consequently the novelty of the “ 
peaches,"together with “ 
has disappeared ere ours are 
from the trees ; 
a permanent or at least, with 
4, ” « ” " 48 » .. } 1 $ 
^ 4 1, " 66 “ " •> .1 ]n^ 
M "50 " •* lyv 
4. 57 " " 51 •» .. 
Summitry, Lot 1 hid 105 .talk., beariog 122oar.,woighlng« 1.21bs. 
o Jto is) 44 7111- •* 
4 * 231 M 14 21 2 “ “ “ 
From this table we learn that the average 
weight of ears on— 
Lot 1 was 6,967 ounces 
" 2 “ 5,725 “ 
* 3 “ 6 075 " 
** * " 5,773 “ 
Tho yield per acre, estimating the space occu¬ 
pied by each hill as being in Lot No. 1, 20 by 20 
inches ; in Lot 2, at 20 by 40 inches ; ami in Lots 
3 ami 4, at 40 by 40 inches, would be for_ 
Lot 1 5,817 lbs. 
" 2 4,!-3j " 
" 3 4.581 " 
“ 4 a,DUO “ 
Lot 1, Row 1, was at the east side of the field, 
and had no corn growing next to it on the east 
side, and so really occupied more ground than I 
have estimated in calculating the produce per 
acre of lot 1, On this row more than half the 
stalks bore two ears each. I did not weigh the 
stalks for the reason that when the corn was 
husked, they had become very dry aud the high 
winds had stripped them of the greater part of 
the leaves. I make no comment on the result, 
leaving every one to his own conclusions. I will 
only add to this, that when the com was about 
three inches high, each alternate row received 
a top-dressing of a amaii handful of hen ma¬ 
nure to each hill, applied close about the corn. 
The variety of corn was the improved Triumph 
Sweet Corn. 
Kalamazoo Co., Mien. 
Shore 
first ripe 
Fifth Avenue” prices, 
ready to gather 
hence, those varieties with a 
a loss fluctuating 
value, are more sought after. 
Tboth’s Early, would, of course, be my first 
choice ; aud this everybody knows without a de¬ 
scription. 
Montain Rose would be my next choice. 
This is a fine, largn sized, well-colored aud 
good-flavored peach, when grown in good soil. 
Mary’s Choice comes next; yellow, free, not 
a heavy bearer, but invariably of fine size, and 
good quality for a yellow-flushed peach. 
Old Mixon Free : This variety, with all its 
good qualities, only pays as a market kind when 
peaches are somewhat scarce ; for when there is 
a full orop the market is usually flooded at the 
season of the ripening of this one. 
Crawford's Late : This is a reliable, and I 
believe a generally profitable sort ; as much so 
as, or more than any other variety ripening with 
it* 
Roulette : A splendid yellow-fleshed peach, 
ripening a little after Crawford’s Late, of fine 
eize and as dry as a Troth or a Smock, and on 
this account it is a first-class shipper. Another 
strong point iu its favor, is its hardiness in the 
blossom; having & large blossom like that of 
Hale s, Beatrice, Amsdeu, etc , it seems to with¬ 
stand the severest weather much better than 
xnany other varieties. 
Fox’s Seedling : A good Peach and a fair 
bearer after trees obtain Borne age ; but while 
they are young the fruit has the very unpopular 
failing of rotting on them before it is ripe. 
Silver Medal : For a white freestone peach 
this is without a rival. Tho fact that it is white at 
the stone and ripens some tinto after Craw¬ 
ford’s Late, coupled with its fine size, makes it 
a desirable variety for loamy soils in good tilth. 
Beer s Smock at this time is the most popu¬ 
lar peach known to our growers. It is much 
sought after for oauniug purposes, being rather 
dry in comparison with Borne other kinds. It 
also ships and keeps well. 
Washington : A very large yellow peach, as 
late as Smook, with au irou-olad blossom : of 
course desirable. 
Hold On : This evidently is slightly akin to 
the Smocks. The tree is tough and wiry, and 
somewhat slender in its habits ; the glands on 
the leaves reniform, This variety is very pro¬ 
ductive, and when in good soil—somewhat sandy 
—it has the merit of producing extremly few 
SALL1E WORRELL PEACH, 
Early in August we received a peach from 
Mr. C. W. Westbrook of Wilson, N. C It wes 
received iu perfect order; was of medium size, 
very juicy aud of good flavor. This was raised 
by an old lady whose name has been given to 
the peach. Mr. Westbrook says that last season 
some specimens grew as large as 14 inches in 
oiroumfereuce. 
FRUIT NOTES FROM NEBRASKA, 
Horticulture is iu its infancy in this part of 
Nebraska. A few years since it was generally 
supposed this would never prove a fruit coun¬ 
try. A few ventured on fruit raising, however, 
aud to-day success is written on their banners. 
Fall seems to be a favorable time for hand¬ 
ling nursery stock. The best location for an 
orchai d here is a northern slope. Trees should be 
set inclining to the west of south, to lessen the ef¬ 
fects of the Bun. A windbreak is very desirable, 
and is more necessary on the south side than on 
the north. A young orchard should have clean 
culture uutil June, then a thorough mulching of 
loose, rotten straw that will let all the rain run 
through and afterward shade the ground. 
Sometimes mulching is piled up around the tree, 
forming a roof that throws off our dashing 
rains and thus starves the tree ifis designed to 
feed. Make the ground beneath and the mulch¬ 
ing saucer-shaped to retain the rain. 
The best varieties of apples here are, Sum¬ 
mer, Cooper’s Early White, Duchess of Oldens- 
bnrg, Red Astrachan, Red June, Fameuse, 
Haas, Maiden’s Blush, Ben Davis, Itawle’s Genet, 
Stark, Dominie aud Winesap. The beBt Siber¬ 
ian is Whitney No. 20. In 
CHERRIES. 
Early and Late Richmond and the English 
Morello are the first choice. 
Among Plums the Miner is most nearly ex¬ 
empt from the curoulio. 
Peaches do splendidly on the upland, seed¬ 
lings often surpassing budded trees of the East. 
In Grapes, Concord takes the lead. 
Currants and Gooseberries, yes, and Straw¬ 
berries are not a suocess in tho hands of the 
average farmer. Tacy need more attention, 
more hoeing and irrigating than, in our haste, 
we are inclined to bestow on them. 
In Raspberries Mammouth Cluster takes the 
lead. 
In Blaokberies Snyder is the favorite. 
R. H. Crane. 
Harlan Co., Neb. 
w. o. 4VICKMAM of Flushing, L. I., sends us 
the following statement of milk yielded by his 
small herd of Jersey oows: 
Josephine 2d, 
No. 2355, A. J H. Book. ^Dn^pud her Iasi calf March 
Gave In June.742 lbs. of milk. 
. July.«Sl •> 
August.7i/7 •• i. 
" September. 626 " " 
“ October.5i4 “ " 
Amount In five months.3IS0 “ " 
During September she was stung by insects and 
lost her milk for a week. 
Deborah of Staatsbfrgh, 
No. 3193, A, J. C. C. II. K. Dropped her last calf May 
21,187-. 
Gave In June.. 636 lbs. of milk. 
July . 614 “ 
August. . 620 “ “ 
“ September. 560 “ “ 
" October. . 532 “ *• 
Amount in flve months.2962 ‘ 
