744 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
NOV. 23 
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the Franconia is not more largely cultivated 
throughout the country, and can only account 
for it from the fact of its being so little known. 
Why, only yesterday an experienced and careful 
cultivator, a lady friend, said to me : '"Why, you 
don’t mean to say the Franconia Raspberry will 
stand our winter unprotected ? I have alwaya 
covered mine the same aB the Antwerp; but now 
I do remember one or two plants were neglected 
last winter, and really they came out and bore 
just as well as the others.” Hence it is obvi¬ 
ous that the good qualities of this variety are 
not generally known or understood. 
The Highland Hardy originating in this 
valley a few years since, is now quite largely 
grown here and seems, thus far, to bear out 
much that was claimed for it on the Btart. 
The vine is vigorous, perfectly hardy and bears 
most abundautly. I think I never baw a liner 
display of raspberries than I witnessed on the 
grounds of a neighbor here this season. He 
had a large plot of ground devoted to this sort 
and the viues were uniformly loaded with a 
marvAlnns amount of ripening fruit. True, 
grower. In Oneida County the apple is the 
fruit par excellence for both rich and poor, and 
in seasons like the present, none is so poor that 
he cannot have plenty of them, especially in the 
fall and early winter, as they cost but a trifle 
except the picking up. In some cases indeed, 
they are given to the poor for the picking alone. 
In setting out my orchard, I made the too 
SOME OF THE RASPBERRIES, 
The Hudson Riveh Antwebp has been for 
may be* asked, “ Where is the profit in this Bort 
of an investment ?” He may pay $4- for the 
sheep and feed all winter and Bell them for $4. 
The kind of fodder he intends to give them is 
not marketable, or if it is, the price is too low to 
pay for hauling. The sheep will consume this 
and convert it into manure. It will bo kept on 
the farm, and next year this savings bank in¬ 
vestment will pay a profitable dividend. We 
know a man who sold out straw for two dollars 
a ton and drew it several miles. For every load 
sold, this man made himself poorer by a good 
load of manure. 
The black-walnuts which were partly dried last 
winter in the wagon-house chamber, would not 
grow when planted. All nuts, to grow well, 
must be kept moist. Now. boys, is the time to 
gather them and start a little grove. Put the 
nuts in the ground just where you want them to 
grow and oover them about an inch deep. Be 
sure to plant a variety. Choose out the best 
shaped walnuts, and the largest ohestnuts. Ho 
not forget some butter-nuts. The butter-nuts 
and walnuts will do well on moist land, but the 
chestnuts like a dry soil the best. We have got 
our chestnuts all. planted, and have put some of 
them in a hod to transplant when they are two 
or three years old. Last fall wo planted a row 
of hickory nuts, and now we have a lot of little 
hickory trees about six inches high. It will be 
some time before they bear, but our little boy 
will grow up with them and by the time they bear 
nuts, he will be old enough to gather them. He 
will not have to wait so long for the chestnuts, 
as they will bear in eight or nine years. Won't 
there be fun then, and these will be his trees, 
and you can ail have a lot of them too. Put them 
in some corner and get father to make a fence 
aroond them. If yon will plant the nuts, we 
will promise that the fence will be built. 
The soft and small nubbins on the corn stalks 
may b6 stripped off and fed to the beef cow, and 
so save the bother of husking them. By leav- 
ine the husks on, the animal will masticate the 
Herstine is perhaps one of the best new red 
varieties for home nse, though too soft for a dis¬ 
tant market. It is large and productive, hardy 
and fine-flavored, and in every way promising. 
The Ganargua is a hybrid between the red 
and black, being of a brownish color. It is 
quite popular in some localities, though but 
little grown here and lackiug in flavor. 
Brinckle's Orange is the finest Raspberry 
for amateurs and family nse on the whole list, 
in my opinion. The fruit is large aud Bhowy 
and most delicious in flavor. I ndeed it is difficult 
to conceive of a finer dish of berries than one 
composed of these transparent orange-colored 
beauties ; they are very attractive and inviting. 
There is, however, much diversity of opinion in 
regard to its general constitutional vigor. 
Ellwanger & Barry find it quite hardy at Roches¬ 
ter ; Mr, Roe finds it somewhat tender down here 
on the Hudson; Mr. Peety, on the east bank of 
the river, at “Ellerslie, ” finds it quite hardy, and 
thus growers differ on this point. With me 
it is hardy, vigorous aud productive; and I shall 
continue to regard it with much favor, advis¬ 
ing a place for it in every private garden where 
fine fruit is appreciated. It has the peculiarity 
of adhering firmly to the stem after being fully 
ripe, and never drops. 
The Henrietta is a new Eastern seedling 
for which great size of fruit and extra flavor are 
claimed. The berry is said to be 4 }>i inches 
roundl 
The Pride of the Hudson, raised on Mr. 
Roe’s ground, if not too tender, may prove a val¬ 
uable sort. Of the 
BLACK-CAPS 
I have fruited Davidson’s Thornless, Doolittle 
and Mammoth Cluster. 
Davidson’s Thornless, on acoount of its 
smooth, purple canes, is eurely an acquisition, 
but aside from that, it has not proved of muoh 
value here, being an indifferent grower and 
bearer, and not large. 
The Doolittle is an old sort, succeeding 
fairly in some sections, but I think far surpassed 
in every respect by the Mammoth duster, ex¬ 
cept that it is earlier. 
The Mammoth Cluster I have had excellent 
success with; ite fruit is large, handsome and 
abundant, and, so far as I know now, it is the 
best Black Cap we have. 
The Gregg, of which dealers give ns suoh 
glowing acoonnts of late, I cannot yet speak 
about with oertainty. It is, however, really 
large and fine, and quite promising. Another 
season will tell the story. 
All these, aud other still newer sorts, need 
further trial to establish their several claims to 
public favor. There are many other varieties, 
both new and old, whiob might be named, such 
as Brandywine, Caroline, New Rochelle, Turner, 
etc., each having some points of value in certain 
localities; but those I have named above em¬ 
brace about all, I think, now considered of 
special value to the general grower. We can 
scarcely hopo to thoroughly combine in any one 
variety all tbo most desirable requisites of hardi¬ 
ness, vigor, size, flavor and firmness. For in¬ 
stance, high flavor and groat firmness of flesh 
are incompatible, and will not be found to exist 
in the same berry. We must therefore be con¬ 
tent with those sorts combining the largest 
measure of good qualities, each for himBolf 
seeking those best adapted to his soil and lo¬ 
cality. And yet we must not fail to aid and en- 
oourage the pains-taking hybridizer and origina¬ 
tor of new kinds, for to him great credit is due. 
It has often ooourred to me that the Rasp¬ 
berry haB not received the amount of attention 
its merits deserve. ItH cultivation is compara¬ 
tively easy, and success with it quite certain. 
LD ” -4r4thr. — Holker. 
many years past the principal variety of Rasp¬ 
berry cultivated here along the river from which 
it takes its name, and when nicely grown, it is 
still perhaps the best red Raspberry we have, 
all things considered. The great objection to 
it. lies, however, in its tenderness, the canes be- 
iug large and succulent, and requiring protec¬ 
tion in winter in all this latitude. And this I 
certainly cousider a very grave objection at¬ 
tended with much labor aud some loss, despite 
the opinion of an enthusiastic neighboring writer 
and grower for the trade, who says the children 
can protect tho vines in a few minutes after 
school hours. A Raspberry or a Grape that 
will not endure our winters without laborious 
protection, had better give place to another 
variety that will. I may say, however, that I 
have never given tbo Antwerp any winter pro¬ 
tection in my garden, and jet it has usually 
fruited well aDd. at times, abundantly. Bat the 
vines were planted on the sout h side of a build¬ 
ing, wh oh doubtless gave some slight protec¬ 
tion. MoBt growers in this vioinity, however, 
bury them in winter. The Antwerp ripens 
early here, produces well, is quite firm and fine- 
flavored. With a full knowledge of the enor¬ 
mous operations in this fruit on the river at 
Milton and Marlborough, in the lower part of 
this county, yon will not lack for magnitude. 
The Philadelphia more recently introduced, 
has the advantage of being more hardy, but in 
all other regpects it certainly is inferior to the 
Antwerp; especially in size aud flavor of fruit, 
if not in vigor of plant as well. 
The Clarke is quite similar to the Philadel¬ 
phia and scarcely more desirable although it is 
also quite hardy. I have grown both these 
better than here, and hence the need of 
making such selections as will do well where the 
trees are to be located. In my orchard no sort 
has borne either so many or such haudsome 
apples as the Hubharoston Nonsuch, while the 
Baldwin has been a failure, and so has the Eso- 
pus Spitzenberg. The Swaar, too, has been 
nearly worthless from some cause. The Yellow 
Bellflower has been hardy and a good bearer in 
alternate years, but I do not consider it a profit¬ 
able Apple, although a few may be kept for 
variety and early winter use. The Rhode Island 
Greening is a standard Apple, moderately hardy 
and productive. Seek-no-further aud Peck’s 
Pleasant are good for sweet apples. Talman 
Sweet, and Lady’s 8weetiog are hardy and good 
bearers, especially the Talman’s Sweet, and for 
sauce or baking, the Talman Sweet is not ex¬ 
celled by any variety known to me. Both are 
long keepers, the Lady’B Sweeting excelling in 
this respect, keeping nearly , or quite, aB well as 
any of the Russet family and retaining its fresh¬ 
ness and juiciness till late in the season. The 
Black Gilliflower is a hardy tree and a good 
bearer, but many don’t like them, and a tree or 
two for one’s own use, is all that iB desirable of 
this sort. 
For early varieties, the Early Harvest, Red 
Astracban, Bough and Primate, are all good 
sorts, and where they flourish, will give satis¬ 
faction. For fall, the Autumn Strawberry, 
Gravenstein, Fall Pippin, Porter, Norton’s 
MOTES ON APPLES FROM ONEIDA C0-, N. Y 
JONATHAN TALCOT. 
especially has been very abundant, but the fruit is 
so cheap that many will he left to rot under the 
trees where grown. Suoh a oourse is not wise, for 
as feed for farm stook they are f ally equal to the 
various roots grown on many farms for cattle- 
feeding purposes. They are especially good for 
milch cows. If fed to them in small quantities 
at first, and increased to a peck or half a bushel 
for each cow per day, the results wifi be very 
favorable, and if a little mesl is given with the 
apples, all the better for the cows, and the 
milk they will then give will be richer and better 
for making both butter and cheese. 
Perhaps some farmers may desire a better 
quality of apples and will be looking about them 
the coming winter for a selection for a young 
orchard of a few trees to replenish the old one. 
To all such 1 would say : “ Select snob varieties 
as are known to do well in your own vicinity, 
and then if you wish to try some new sort, do 
so | bat don’t make up your list from the new 
sorts so often offered by tree peddlars, or pre¬ 
tended nursery agents, unless you can afford to 
be disappointed in your expectations in regard to 
them, when they come into bearing. Send your 
order to Borne reliable nurseryman to be filled 
and have him add a few trees of the newest 
varieties, such aB he thinks inoat desirable, or 
select a few yourself. Then test them on your 
own soil with your method of treatment, which 
should be a liberal one, if you would be success¬ 
ful in the cultivation of good fruit.” 
There is a great pleasure in testing and 
fruiting Borne new variety of fruit on one's 
own grounds, and if the variety proves iteelf 
hardy and of good quality, a great acquisition is 
gained, and another source of pleasure and 
profit is added to the homestead of the fruit 
