VOT,. XXXVII. No. 
WHOLE No. 1505 
PRICE FIVE CENTS, 
82.00 PER. YEAR. 
ihmn C ompany, in the office of the Librarian of Cong ress at Washington.] 
through which a cart may be driven through 
this floor, with fodder in the summer time or 
roots in the winter. The feed box is used for 
mixing the feed, and there is a pump near by 
connected with the cistern. The stairs at the 
end lead to the 
UPPER FLOOR. 
This is laid out as shown at fig. 7 . The feed 
bins are for storing ground feed and spouts 
lead down to below the stairs on the lower floor, 
from which what is needed may be drawn. The 
feed cut with the fodder-cutter is dropped down 
oan be improved by years of high calture and 
selection so as to possess the requisite produc¬ 
tiveness, but seed taken, as remarked, from 
poorly grown crops will not, at first, give maxi¬ 
mum results when planted in even the best soil, 
and receiving the most careful culture. 
LESSONS FROM THE PAST YEAR'S EXPERIENCE. 
The past year has been one nnusnally favora¬ 
ble to the corn crop, and Ibis favorable condition 
of the soil and season has been coincident with 
a much larger breadth of planting, especially in 
the East. In New York and New England, the 
demand for Western grain will be far less than 
usual during the coming winter, and were it not 
for the extraordinary foreign demand, it is hard 
to imagine what profitable disposition could be 
made of the product of the western corn-lands. 
This greater area under cultivation and t$e 
generally abundant yield, have given Eastern 
farmers an excellent opportunity to judge of 
the comparative value of good seed with good 
culture contrasted with the results got where 
good seed has received but poor culture, ordi¬ 
nary seed the best culture, and—as is far more 
common—where poor seed and poor cultivation 
have gone together. 
The average of our corn-yields in the various 
States, is quite significant, and the study of the 
statistics is capable of affording valuable in¬ 
struction. One thing is ovident from them_it 
must bays taken a Ivrge number of very poor 
crops to pull down the average to where it 
stands. An average of twenty-five to thirty-two 
bushels, proves to the most careless 
A CONVENIENT DAISY BARN 
Thebe has been no more propitious time for 
making improvements upon the farm than the 
present. There is no more profitable invest¬ 
ment upon a dairy farm than a well appointed 
and comfortable stable for the cows. Putting 
this and that together, the inference may be 
drawn that those who have not a really good 
cow stable and feel their need of one, should 
set about getting it as soon as possible before 
the opportunity passes away. Por the benefit 
of such persons the following description of a 
dairy stable for 14 cows is here given. The 
stable is now in actual use and is found con¬ 
venient and comfortable for tbe cows and those 
who attend them. Of the 
REQUISITES IN A COW STABLE, 
room is the first. Perfeot oleanliness oannot be 
maintained unless there is ample room. Ufae 
second is comfort for the cows; this Includes 
warmth and oleanliness. Then follow security, 
oonvenieuoe of arrangement so that the neces¬ 
sary work can be dine with the least labor and 
in the least time, and a method of safely and 
easily making and saving the manure. 
In this especial case, the making of manure is 
considered as the greatest source of profit, the 
ohief business of the farm being growing truck 
for a city market, and in this business manure 
is usually purchased every year to the amount 
of several hundred dollars’ worth. By good 
management one oow oan be made to 3 ield 26 
loads of the best quality of manure in a year 
and, at the asnal value of purchased manure, 
this is equal to about $66 annually. This being 
the oase, a stable well calculated for the winter 
and summer feeding of the cows, under a sys¬ 
tem of complete or partial soiling, is a source 
of groat profit upo# any farm. 
THE BARN HERE DESCRIBED. 
is 50 feet long, 21 feet wide and 16 feet high 
from sill to e*res. It is built whoUy of hem- 
look and Bpruoe, except the Bills whioh are of 
oak, and the heaviest timbers in the frame are 
6 x 8 , for the corner posts. The floor is of two- 
inch Rlfcuce plank; the sides are of dressed fine 
box boards, battened up and down; the upper 
floor is of dressed spruce, tongue and grooved 
flooring seven inches wide; the roof is of sawed 
pine shingles and as a ventilating cupola in 
the center, The building is painted with 
mineral paint of a dark-brown color, with the 
trimming of light-brown stone oolor. 
tne feed shoot to the mixing box under it. A 
crib for storing several hundred bnshels of corn, 
Is at one oorner and a quantity of hay or fod¬ 
der may be stored in the opposite oorner. There 
are two doors in the upper floor for taking in 
hay or feed, and a hoist wheel is placed at the 
door near the feed bins, for drawing np bags 
of feed. A Big Giant feed-mill is kept out¬ 
side the stable, below this door, for grinding 
grain. 
LIQHT AND VENTILATION. 
The building ia well lighted by five large 
windows on the south side on the main floor and 
four Bmaller ones on the north side. These 
are all protected with close shutters to com¬ 
pletely darken the stable in the fly season. 
The upper floor has four large windows on the 
south. Ventilation is secured by the openings 
leading from the lower to the upper floor, 
which are dosed when needed by trap doors, 
and by a large cupola on the roof with slatted 
sides. 
THE COST OF THISI STABLE 
was $396 for lumber, oil and paint; $86 for 
water pipes, naila, and hardwai e, and $100 for 
carpenter work. The cost for the mason work 
for the cellar is not yet ascertained, but will 
be in the neighborhood of $100. Tbe oistern 
cost $32. The whole cost will be a little over 
$700. 
The feed boxes, in front of the Btanohions are 
22 inohes wide and 8 inches deep. An arrange¬ 
ment for watering the cows in their stalls is 
made under the feed boxes. This is shown at 
fig 6 . Au iron water pipe (a) rests upon blocks 
upon tbe floor ( 6 ). The pipe is connected with 
water-boxes which consist of east-iron kitohen 
sinks, 16.1^ inches long, 12 inches wide and 5 
inches deep, costing $1.26 each. These are 
let into a false bottom of the trough as shown 
and are covered with the true bottom in which 
are hinged flaps to cover them. The flaps are 
shown at c, c, and the sides of the feed boxes 
d, d, d. The water when let into the pipe a, Alls 
tbe boxes, and is prevented from overflowing 
by the outlet e, whioh is placed at a proper 
bight. The water boxes are emptied, when 
necessary, by means of the cook (J) in the cel¬ 
lar, and the waste-water may be used for the 
pigs or poultry, or may run on to the manure 
piles. The oovor for tbe water boxes (shown at 
fig- 6 ) ia provided with a wire staple, driven in 
FfS.7. 
will always occur from the depredations of in¬ 
sects and birds, and the accidents of cultivation. 
Now, we wish to iqquire, not what rednees the 
average actual results to the neighborhood of 
30 bushels, for that is plainly attributable to 
bad farming, but why even cur best farmers in 
the best years can rarely show an average crop 
of over 60 bnshels to the aore. We have just 
been examining the details of 
A CAREFULLY FERTILIEED AND CULTIVATED CORN CROP, 
the yield of whioh has been submitted to a 
careful examination and analysis. The field 
was planted with a thoroughbred variety_t. e. 
one carefully selected through a series of years 
—with the view of raising as much seed 00 m as 
possible. It was a variety of rather less than 
medium bight for the New England farm where 
it grew, and was planted in drills four feet 
apart, the seed being dropped on one-third, five 
inches, and on the remainder, 10 inohes asunder 
in the drills. 
There was hardly a stalk in the field that did 
not produce its ear, but the total yield was 
equal to but 80 bushels of shelled corn to the 
acre. Thirty bushels of this were selected at 
husking as being suitable in all respects for 
seed corn. Besides this, there were about 
20 bushelB of full ears, but each was in some 
respect unsuited for seed 
LARGE CROPS OF CORN 
THE ELEMENTS OF SUCCESS. 
The skillful dairyman understands that the 
secret of profit is to get a oow that can give a 
good mess, and then to feed and care for her so 
that she will give a good mess. The same prin¬ 
ciple extends to plants as well as to animals. 
Good seed, sown in good soil, and good cultiva¬ 
tion, are the elements of bucossh, and all are 
equally necessary to that succeBi. 
WIHTKIf 
Ptvu’itKHoust 
Manuhm. 
flush with the surface, and a hollow is gouged 
out under it, so that a hook may be inserted to 
lift it up. Thus there is nothing in the way of 
THE BASEMENT, 
or cellar, is walled with stone and is divided as 
follows: at one end is the pig-pen 8x16 feet, 
divided into two compartments opening in a yard 
into which manure is dropped through a trap¬ 
door in the gutter above. In the middle is a win¬ 
ter gpultry roost, having a lathed partition and 
the cows feeding from it, as it makes the bottom 
of the feed box. The water boxes are provided 
with a grated screen over the pipe suoh as is 
used In kitchen sinks, an arrangement by whioh 
solid matter is prevented from getting “into the 
pipes. 
The remainder of the main floor is devoted to 
the feeding room. There are two spacious doors 
The seed saved from orops that receive infe¬ 
rior or even ordinary cultivation through a 
series of years, is not the seed to be used where 
the aim is to seouro large crops. Suoh seed 
The remainder— 
within a fraction of 30 bushels—consisted of 
