AUG 5 
THE RURAL 
524 
Various. 
SANTA PE, NEW MEXICO. 
The Old and the New. A Great Com¬ 
mercial Center. The Tourist’s Mecca. 
MESSRS. HOLMES AND SWEETLAND. 
(Special Correspondents of the Rural New-Yorker.] 
Antiquity is always charming:; but it be¬ 
comes doubly so when it is so closely allied to 
the modern that tourists may find them co¬ 
existent; when they may dwell in luxury at 
fashionable hotels and by a short walk of 10 
or 15 minutes find themselves within the de¬ 
caying walls of an antiquated church dating 
back for centuries; view with awe the once 
magnificent paintings, whose age no one can 
tell, now dimmed and fading gradually awav; 
walk to the mammoth arches whose rough and 
ragged exterior has withstood thus far the 
destroying hand of Time. Such a city to¬ 
day is Santa Fe, the capital of New Mexico 
though the time is not far distant when all 
traces of the ancient town will be superseded. 
In fact, the last year has noted most important 
innovations and the active and progressive 
people of to-day have come to look upon their 
place of residence and business as the metrop¬ 
olis of the great Southwestern Empire, and 
while they still feel ft pleasure in escorting the 
tourist to view the marvels of the past, they 
feel a greater pride in attracting their atten¬ 
tion to the marvelous development of the 
present, and endeavoring to impress upon 
them the certainties of a prosperous future 
which is sure to render this an enviable position 
as a commercial center which must attract 
capital and immigration 
of the better class of 
American citizens from 
the East. 
Santa Fe has a popula¬ 
tion of 8,500, being an in¬ 
crease of 1,500 since the 
Census. Its altitude is 
about 7,500 feet. The At¬ 
chison, Topeka & Santa 
Fe Railway was com¬ 
pleted to this point Feb¬ 
ruary 0th, 1880. The Den¬ 
ver it Rio Grand Railway 
now operates to Espanola, 
26 miles north of here. 
The Texas Midland (the 
old Gulf Colorado & San¬ 
ta Fe R. R, is laying 
track at the rate of a mile 
and a-half a day, and is 
expected to cross the Ter 
ritory en route for Utah 
at about this point. An 
independent corporation, 
known as the Texas. San¬ 
ta Fe & Northern R. R , 
will make Espanola its 
northern terminus, build 
south through Santa Fe, 
following the “divide” 
between the Rio Grande 
and the Pecos to near Fort 
Stanton, then east and 
down the Pecos. The first 
300 miles are through a 
mineral country of untold 
richness and then th e 
route penetrates anagri- 
cultural region. 
The mineral region of 
which this city is the cen- 
two per cent, of water, six per cent, of gas, 
and only between five and 5.21 per cent of 
ash. It is mined from 20 to 50 feet from the 
surface. There is an equal and probably 
a larger tract rich in bituminous coal. There 
are large quantities of hematite, titanite and 
argtlaceous iron, and heavy beds of fire clay 
and plumbago. At present the owners are 
shipping about 25 tons of coal per day, the 
mines having been opened only last December. 
The retail price of anthracite in Santa F6 is 
$11.50 per ton delivered. Within 20 miles of 
the city is a fine sandstone for building, 
and on the Lamy Grant is a very extensive 
area of sandstone flagging, almost identical 
with the Medina sandstone of New York. 
Santa Fe has been the great supply center 
for the entire country for a radius of hun¬ 
dreds of miles, for many years merchants have 
been, and are importers, having offices in New 
York for the purpose of purchasing and re¬ 
ceiving. The trade has been largely improved 
by the incoming of the railway. Freights for 
the past year paid by merchants indicate a 
commercial business of from six to seven mil¬ 
lions, Among the special industries—and one 
which attracts great attention from tourists— 
is the manufacture of Mexicau filigree jew- 
elry, whose home is here. From a handsome 
circular issued by “The Jewelers of New 
Mexico” thousands of which are gratuitously 
distributed, we learn that the trade has in¬ 
creased with such marvelous rapidity that 
thousands of dollars’ worth of goods are sent 
by one firm over the entire United States, fill¬ 
ing private orders. The finest gold and silver 
are u«ed, and the unique designs are suitable 
ouvenirs of a visit to “ye ancient city.” Be¬ 
sides this industry, there is a manufactory of 
blank books, a publishing house, two brew 
eries, a cracker factory, two brick-kilns, an 
Hon, W. R. Ritch; Secretary, John H. Thom- 
som, which will furnish pamphlets and infor¬ 
mation on demand. 
We will glance very briefly at Santa Fe’e 
churches and schools. There are Episcopal, 
Presbyterian and Methodist churches and a 
Baptist Society. The Catholics have “San 
Miguel” church (built A. D.. 1582), "Guada,- 
lupe” (1582), Santa Rosario Cathedral and the 
Chapel of “Our Lady of Light.” Archbishop 
J. B. Lamy, who presides over Colorado, 
New Mexico and Arizona, resides here. His 
gardens, vineyard and orchard are the finest 
in the Territory. Bishop Geo. K. Dunlop, of 
the Episcopal diocese, (N., M. and Ari.) also 
resides here. 
St. Michael’s College, conducted by the 
Christian Brothers, (120 boys attending) 
“Academy of Our Lady of Light,” by the 
Sisters of Loretto (215 girls attending), the 
Orphan Asylum under the charge of the Sis¬ 
ters of Charity (60 inmates), the Santa Fe 
Academy, undenominational, three teachers, 
70 pupils, the University of New Mexico, five 
teachers and some 50 pupils, Rev. H. O. Ladd, 
President, a private seminary for ladies, with 
about 35 scholars, and two public schools with 
an attendance of about 400, are all in flour¬ 
ishing condition. This is an unexampled 
showing and it makes the claim of this city as 
the educational center of Now Mexico more 
than good. One-quarter of the entire tax of 
the Territory (one per cent, on valuation), is 
used for the support of the public schools. 
With a word regarding agriculture we will 
close. Wherever wheat is cultivated (enough 
being raised to supply the native population), 
the yield is enormous. It is grown upon the 
“mesas,” 1« miles South of Santa Fe and ex¬ 
tends southward. Apricots and Siberian 
Crabs attain the highest state of perfection. 
Trading Horses.—Fig. 247 
ter and distributing point is of such magni¬ 
tude and importance that we can only refer 
to the most important sections. “The Caril- 
los ” district rieh in gold, silver and copper, 
lies southwest of the city and is a very inter' 
esting region. The “ Cerrillos Placers” ex. 
tend from the town of Cerillos westward to 
the Ortiz Mountains, On these mountains 
there are some of the oldest of Spanish mines' 
North and along the meanderingsof the Pecos 
River extends a belt of minerals for a dis¬ 
tance of 100 miles or more, consisting of cop¬ 
per in its various forms—oxides, carbonates, 
glance, and native. This same district is 
heavily timbered, many trees measuring five 
feet in diameter along the river which has a 
power of 200 horse available. From “ Coop¬ 
er’s Camp’’to Taos has been but little pros¬ 
pected. Between Lamy and Santa Fe recent 
discoveries have been made of copper and 
silver ores which promise rich results. There 
are several other locations in and around 
Santa Fe rich in mines and placers. 
At Bonanza City, between Cerillos and 
Santa Fe, there are reduction and concentra¬ 
tion works ready for operation. The coal 
mines of the Anthracite and Bituminous Coal 
Co. are 26 miles southwest of Santa FA The 
anthracite fields cover 8,000 acres. There are 
five veins, each averaging five feet in thickness. 
Referring to the most competent minerologi- 
cal analysis of America, this coal carries from 
66,22 to 88.91 per cent, of fixed carbon, about 
a large quantity of ice is put up and shipped 
besides that used for home consumption. 
The value of permanent improvements for 
1881 is over $650,000. They consist of the 
reservoir system water works, $200,000; gas 
works, $42,000; Palace Hotel, built by a stock 
company with Santa F4 capital, well fur¬ 
nished aod excellently kept, $60,000; convent 
and hospitals, $40,000; three new churches and 
cathedral, $30,000; two improvement compa¬ 
nies, $37,000; mercantile houses and residence 
property, $241,000, There is a telephone Ex¬ 
change with about 50 customers. A street car 
company has doubtless completed a line ere 
this letter appears. Thero are two National 
Banks; two daily and weekly newspapers— 
“The New Mexican” and “The Democrat,” 
referred to in a previous letter, and “El Nuevo 
Mejicano,” a Spanish weekly, and the Mining 
News (weekly); the two latter are printed at 
the “New Mexican” office. 
Civil societies have flourishing organiza¬ 
tions, Blue Lodge, Chapter and K. T. of A. 
F. and A. M,; I. O. O. F.; A. O. U. W., 
and K. of P. Santa Fe is the headquarters of 
the military district of New Mexico, which 
includes New Mexico, Southern Colorado and 
Northwestern Texas. Major General R.S. Me- 
Kensie is in command. The city needs a hand¬ 
some opera house, and there are many good 
opportunities for the investment of capital. 
There is a Territorial organization called 
“The Bureau of Immigration”—President 
apples are grown from Albuquerque north¬ 
ward, and peaches in the valleys of the en¬ 
tire Territory. 
mui| 
THE ST0EY OF STONY BK00K FAEM- 
HENRY STEWART. 
(Continued from page 505.) 
CHAPTER VII. 
W hile the events related in the preceding 
chapter were occurring, the roses were bloom¬ 
ing over the stone house in the valley, and the 
morning-glories were twining about the gar¬ 
den fence and the roof over the well, as they 
did a year ago. But the Stone House farm had 
undergone a change. A year’s work of an 
industrious workman had wrought wouders 
with the old farm. The brush bad been cut 
from the fields, the drains had been opened in 
the meadows; the orchard had been trimmed; 
the fences were repaired; a field of rye waved 
in the breeze, and beyond it another field just 
showed the straight and narrow lines of green 
where the young corn had already opened its 
leaves and become conspicuous. The stone 
house itself had a new roof, the shutters were 
bright with new paint; the stone-work freshly 
painted, looked new, the door half open gave 
a glimpse of a well-fnrnished, wide hall, while 
the most apparent indication of new life about 
the old house was the thin, blue smoke which 
curled upwards from the great chimneys. 
The garden had been brought into a state of 
order and neatness; the old currant bushes, 
the rhubarb and asparagus beds and the grape¬ 
vines were rescued f rom the dominion of briars 
and coarse burdocks, end, newly dressed and 
renovated, renewed their youth again. The 
pastures were green, but as yet no cows but 
one pressed the sod or cropped the herbage. 
A year’s work had been spent in bringing 
order out of chaos and in producing something 
that would support the necessary stock. 
The past year had been a busy one, too, 
with George and Emily Bates. They had en¬ 
tered into their new life with much enthusi¬ 
asm, and had been industriously preparing to 
go to work on the farm with an earnest pur¬ 
pose to restore it to a condition of prosperity 
from which it had fall c n hy the neglect of 
several years. Many a consultation with 
their Uncle John had been held, and many of 
their plans had been overruled by his sage 
advice. 
“Go slowly” “don’t be in a hurry,” you 
can’t get next year’s crop until next year 
comes, whatever you do: and you can’t make 
a good farm out of a poor one in a day, nor a 
year, nor five years,” said Uncle John. “You 
must first grow something for your cows to 
eat, or buy it, or do both, before you can well 
keep any cows: and it will be time enough to 
get the cows when you have some feed for 
them. It don’t cost much to wait. Every 
day’s work of your hired man will soon begin 
to tell, and by and by you can go to work. 
I’ll tell you when; you must make the old farm 
pay its own way.” And the when had now- 
arrived, and just at this 
moment the little herd of 
Ayrshire and Jersey cows 
might be seen winding 
down the lane towards 
the pasture now ready for 
them. George, who had 
purchased them and had 
gone to meet them, could 
have been seen bringing 
up the rear.drivingalight 
wagon in which were a 
crnple of young calves 
whose noisy bleating 
could he heard a mile 
awa 7 . And Emily, S'« ing- 
ing her straw hat in one 
hand, stood in the broad 
porch looking over the 
fields toward the road 
along which the cows 
were coming home. The 
hired man Jabez stood 
waiting their approach to 
oien the yard gate, and 
meanwhile discussed very 
sagaciously the question 
of cows. “ There’s cows 
and there’s cows, Miss 
Emily, There’s cows as 
is kep fur profit and cows 
as is kep fur show; an’ if 
you’ll believe what folks 
ssy about the show cows 
they're the only ones as 
makes any profit, anyhow. 
There’s the cow, Jersey 
Princess, they call her. 
down to Canin now; she 
cost a thousand dollars, 
and she makes a matter of 
two pound of butter a 
day, so they say; rnebbe she don’t and mebbe 
she do. They think a good deal of that; but 
bless yer, w hat is it ? Old Maggie there in the 
orchard makes a pound a day, and is worth 
ju t thirty-five dollars. That makes a matter 
of a good deal more than nine hundred dollars 
for the extra pound of butter; I don’t see 
where the profit comes in, Miss Emily.” 
“ * don ’t either, Jabez, except that it is for 
the pleasure of having a cow that is better and 
handsomer than usual. Some people are will¬ 
ing to pay a good deal for beauty and for 
pleasure, and the world would be very cull 
and dreary if there was nothing beautiful in 
it, and people were always seeking only what 
is useful.” And Jabez went to open the gate 
for the approaching drove and let them into 
the pasture ; Emily following to meet her 
brother. The cows filed one by one through 
the opened gate into the pasture, and George 
alighted and followed them, giving the wagon 
to Jabez with instructions to dispose of the 
calves. 
“ Well, Emily, how do you like them ? They 
are beauties, are they not ? This looks like 
business, and your share of work now comes 
in. There are four Ayrshires and four Jer¬ 
seys, and good as can be had, I believe; noth¬ 
ing fancy about them, but every one good for 
a pound of butter a day or more; all young, 
two with young calves and the other six soon 
to come in. In about a month our stock will 
be 16 head and old Maggie, which, as she is 
