Vol XLI. No. 169S. 
NEW YORE, AUGUST 12, 1882. 
PEIOE FIVE UENTS, 
S3,00 PER TEAR. 
[Entered according to Act of Congress, In the year 1882, by the Rural New Yorker, In the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.] 
%xc\)iiuhxxi. 
THE PRINCE CONSORT’d FARMS. 
Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, 
Queen Victoria’s husband who died on 
December 14, lbfil, was greatly distinguished 
as a farmer, after the fashion of princely 
farmers. In 1857 the title of "His Royal 
Highness Prince Consort” was conferred 
upon him by "letters patent,” so that in 
case of his surviving the Queen he might 
act as regent during the minority of the 
Prince of Wales, aud it was chiefly by 
this title he was afterwards oilicially 
known. During his life time his farms 
were known as the Prince Consort's Farms, 
and tiuce his death they have been known 
by the same name, or as the Royai Farms, 
and been maintained with the care and 
fidelity by which Queen Victoria con¬ 
tinues to honor the memory of her excel 
lent husband. T’uey are situated near 
Windsor, in Berkshire, and special atten¬ 
tion has just been directed to them by 
the fact that the Royal iSoi iety’s great an¬ 
nual agricultural show was held at Read¬ 
ing, the capital of the same county, some 
15 miles distant from the farms, which 
were inspected by not a few visitors to the 
show. Toe farms are distinguished as the 
Shaw Homestead, the Dairy Homestead 
and the Flemish and Norfolk Farms. This 
week we present to our readers illustra¬ 
tions of the first two of these, which are 
the most interesting. The drawings are re¬ 
engraved from the English Agricultural Ga¬ 
zette. In placing sketches of this kind before 
our readers we do uot, of course, expect or 
advise that they should erect such structures, 
some of which are too costly for farmers who 
have not a royal treasury to draw upon, 
while others are better adapted to the con¬ 
ditions of English than of Americau farm¬ 
ing; but apart from the interest that naturally 
auheres to such belongings of famous person¬ 
ages, it should be rememeiedthat they embody 
the results of the best attainable skill aud 
thought, so that from a study of them there 
may be drawn many hints valuable iu the 
construction of farm buildings under all 
financial aud climatic conditions. 
The Shaw Homestead.— In giving direc 
ticus for these buildings, erected iu 1863, 
the Prince Consort’s commands were that 
plain and substantial buildings should be 
so arranged that each description of stock 
might be kept and tended apart from the 
others, suitable aspects being given to the 
several parts and the arrangements being 
contrived so as to insure the economical 
performance of all labor done within them. 
The design, ic will be seen, fairly canies 
out this intention. Tne buildings stand 
upon a square of ground—the sides run¬ 
ning north and south, and east and west 
respectively. According to the Prince’s 
instructions the swine, feeding cattle, 
sheep aud horses are placed in separate lo¬ 
calities accessible with the straw cart, the 
dung-cart or the root-cart by roads which 
intersect the whole. The sketch repre¬ 
sents the Homestead as seen from the 
grass field between it and the Royal Gar¬ 
dens. Immediately below is an isometrical 
projection representing the bight, roofing 
and arrangement of the different parts. Ac-. 
cording to a work descriptive of the farms, 
V published by Messrs. Lougmau, the following 
IS the arrangement.! 
The East Range Inol urles etrt ami wi«nn sa^ds ; 
enrt-harse st bles; harness-room: chaff and corn- 
bins hay and corn-sh^d ; drill-shed ; men's living 
rooms, with sleeping rooms over, and clock tower; 
Implement shed. 
The North Range includes foreman’s cottage 
steward's stable, glg-liouse, and nospltal for sick 
st' ck ; poultry department; poultrv w man's cot¬ 
tage, b> the entrance from Her Majesty’s rooms to 
the farm offices ; blacksmith's, carpenter's, and other 
shops, wood-yard, saw-pit , etc. 
The West Range Includes com bay ; hay bay; cut 
hay and straw; corn mixing rooms, threshing ma¬ 
chine., nn I straw-bay ; sheds for corn to b" threshed 
and for chaff front muchinu ; boiler-room ; coal-shed ; 
mt.no. . uiii.,it-obea, boiling house. Also The 
Rlgg.-r.v D.'puruneuu - Open sued, ami su,» umi 
yat-vi8 for store breeding sows; slaughter-house; 
boltBi -house, with food-tank. 
The Center Ranges include yard and house for stal 
Uou; yards aud houses for bulls ; cow-house aud 
yard wltb calf pens ; root store; hemels. with boxes 
on the farther side of the gangway ; yards and sheds 
for store stock; sheep shed, with central gangway 
and terminal food house. 
The home of the farm manager is seen both 
in the sketch aud the isometrical perspective. 
The Dairy Homestead (see Fig. 253, 
page 633,) is remarkable for the arrange¬ 
ment of the flue two-rowed cow-house, with 
its wide ceutral gang-way. It consists of five 
lines of building abutting upon a cross line, 
which connects them, and in the center of 
which rises a clock-tower. Across the other 
ends of the lines runs a road way giving ac¬ 
cess to the interspaces between them, which 
are used partly os roadways aud partly as 
open yards. Tne structure includes cart- 
shed, cottages, loose boxes aud stables. On 
the right of the space betweeu tl.e first two 
rows of the main building is a series of pig¬ 
sties, fed from the roadway through hanging 
flaps. They may also be inspected from the 
gang-way separating them from the cow shed, 
wnicn is provided with an open yard on its 
other side. Ui tns lett areotnei* pigsties, 
stores for feed and litier, boiling-house, 
slaughter-house, etc. Traversing the gang¬ 
way in which the road terminates one passes 
by yards and stores for straw and hay to the 
other side of the building, where is another 
open yard with sheds, a calves’ house and 
conveniences for feeding calves and bulls. 
Between this, the fifth ridge line, and the 
fourth, there is, as between the first and 
seejnd, a roadway, and on the other side of 
this roadway is a shed like the cattle-shed of 
tne second ridge line, furnished, as it is, with 
an open yard. The central line is the noble 
cow-byre to whicn reference has already 
been made. This may be called the Home 
Farm of Windsor, and in it there is a fine herd 
of Short horns, many of them of Koightley 
descent and of good dairy character. There 
are also some excellent Small White Windsor 
swine and a capital stable of Clydesdale 
horses. 
The Roy"al Dairy, shown at Fig. 254, page 
533, stands close to the Dairy Homestead, aud 
from it the dairy supplies of the Royal Fam¬ 
ily, while at Windsor, are procured. The 
milk room here is a splendid apartment, some 
3(i by 20 feet, and about 20 feet in hight, with 
marble shelving all around it and marble 
tables down the middle. But why describe at 
length for simple republican farmers and 
dairymen the sumptuous fittings and luxu¬ 
rious combination of color, form and lustre 
which render this dairy-house as perfect and 
maguificent a structure as art has devised or 
imagination can picture for the purposes for 
which it is intended. Just g’ance at its band" 
some outside and allow fancy in its warmest 
mood to fit out the inside, and if the picture is 
not as correct as that w« could draw, it will 
be quite as charming ani just us useful for the 
American dairyman. 
TAINTED MILK. 
X. A. WILLARD. 
A Western correspondent, who haR charge 
of a cheese factory, says he has trouble with 
his cheei e curds. The milk from his patrons 
when delivered at the factory appears to 
be sweet, but, in the process of manufac¬ 
turing it into chees«*, the curds, o i being 
heated up—or " scalded ’—give off a very 
bod tdor, resembling that from a putre¬ 
scent mud hole stirred up in hot weather. 
He asks if milk is liable to be injured in 
the I eg. or before it is drawD, on account 
of the cows breathing offensive odors. 
In answering this question it may be af 
firmed that experience aud scientific in 
ve&ugation have established the fact that 
muk can be spoiled in the cows’ bags 
simply on account of the cows inhaling 
bad odors while at pasture. There are 
numerous instances where "deaconed 
calves,” dead horses, and the cai casses of 
other animals thrown out aud left exposed 
in a portion of the pastures have putre¬ 
fied and produced such a stench that the 
milk oi cows inhaling the odor from these 
decaying animal matters, has taken a 
taint. This taint may not always be per¬ 
ceptible the moment it is drawn, any more 
than the physician can detect small-pox in a 
person who tuts been recently exposed to the 
disease; but the seeds or germs of putrefaction 
may be there nevertheless, and, in the case of 
the mi.k, begin to show themselves and give 
trouble to the cheese-worker before his curds 
are ready for the press. Or, if he succeeds in 
gettiug the curds to press without much difli 
culty, the cheese not uufrequently shows an 
early taint, decays quickly, and turns out 
bad. Tne troubles from this source are much 
more frequent and produce more extensive 
evils than is commonly supposed. 
I have seen numerous cases where milk has 
received a taint from particles of dust falling 
f.om the cows into the pail while milking 
and unsuspected of doing harm by the 
milker. Cows that are aiiow'ed to pass 
through sloughs of mud, places filled with 
decomposing animal and vegetable matter, 
get their Lodies and udders more or less 
bespattered with this filth. At the tlme»of 
milking this dirt has become dry, and the 
more bulky portions may have fallen off, 
but enough remains to form a dust, which, 
in the process of milking, enters the milk, 
ai d thus the seeds of a filthy decomposi¬ 
tion are sown. You may not be able to 
detect anything bad in such milk for an 
hour or so after milking, or when it arrives 
at the factory; but it is nevertheless bad, 
and will cause trouble, either while the 
milk and curds are bsing manipulated, or 
lu the flavor of the ch< ese upon the shelf. 
In the summer of 1S70, white on a visit 
to Z. B. Arnold, then of Tompkins Co., N. 
Y., I saw an instance of dust inoculating 
milk brought to the small factory he and 
his sou were at that time running. When 
the milk was received at the factory 
window there was no reason to suspect 
taint firm any psiticular dairy. The 
delivery of the several patrons went in¬ 
to the vat together, and was set in 
the usual manner with rennet; but dur¬ 
ing the process of heating up the curds a 
most intensely foul and disagreeable odor was 
emitted. The sou, who was working the 
curds, sent to the house for his fathsr and 
myself, and we went down to the factory 
together. We found the curds—then about 
SKETCH OF TnE SHAW HOMESTEAD.—Fia. 249. 
THE SHAW HOMESTEAD—ISOMETRICAL PROJECTION.— Fig. 250. 
