each when 12 months old, I am bold to say 
I do not believe it can be done. Could any 
farmer do that yearly his fortune would be 
secure, and also that of all to whom he shall 
impart the knowledge of such skill in breed¬ 
ing and feeding, and a breed that could fatten 
so quickly, if produced, would be wanted by 
all breeders of beef cattle, and the animals 
would sell at large prices as breeders, while 
the bulls would bring a good price at one year 
old sold to the butcher. In conclusion, let us all 
try to see the present year how many calves 
we can raise that shall wei^h 1,200 pounds 
the day they are one year old, and report at 
the end of the year how many each one has 
of that weight, also how many have failed to 
accomplish that desirable object. 
Rome, N, Y. 
Sdmiiiu 
739. Stockbridge Manure for Corn and 
Grain. 
761. Stockbridge Manure for Corn and 
Grain. 
740. Stockbridge Manure for Potatoes and 
Vegetables. 
756. Stockbridge Manure for Potatoes and 
Vegetables. The last four are made by the 
Bowker Fertilizer Co., N. Y. and Boston. 
760. H, J. Biker & Bros. Corn Manure. 
781, H. J. Baker & Bros. Potato Manure. 
783. Phoenix Guano. 
some of the butter factories of New York 
where the patrons set the milk at the farm 
and have their cream churned separately at 
the factory, credit being given for the weight 
of butter yielded by each separate herd. 
A lactoscope recently invented by Prof. 
Fesser of Germany, gives quickly and without 
much trouble the percentage of butter-fat in 
milk very nearly corresponding with that of 
an analysis; the varations are generally not 
greater than one-half of one per cent. It is a 
valuable aid in determining approximately 
the percentage of butter fat in milk, but 
whether it could be introduced for the purpose 
of regulating the butter value of milk at the 
factories is a question that cannot be answered 
at this time. 
CONNECTICUT AGRICULTURAL EX 
PERIMENT STATION. 
Fertilizer Analyses (Condensed), 
POTASH SALTS. 
765. Muriate of Potash 80 per cent. 
777. Muriate of Potash. 
ANALYSIS. 
765 777 
Actual Potash. 52.13 54.14 
Equivalent Muriate of Potash.... 82.57 85.70 
Cost per ton. $45 (JO $«).(*,* 
Cost of actual Potash per 100 lbs.. 4 31 5.5-1 
♦Reckoned from price per 1U0 lbs. 
GROUND BONE. 
751. Pure Ground Bone. Sold by H. K. 
Brainard, Thompsonville. 
753. Ground Bone. Manufactured by Peck 
Bros., Nortbfield. 
764. Bono Meal. Manufactured byWilliams, 
Clark & Co., N. Y. 
770. Lister Bros. Celebrated Ground Bone. 
771. Mapes’ Brand Extra-fine, Strictly Pure 
Ground Bone. 
794. Americus Bone Meal. Manufactured 
by Williams, Clark & Co., New York. 
CREDITING MILK AT THE FACTORIES, 
scellftrtcems 
FEEDING YOUNG CALVES 
X. A. WILLARD. 
Feeding young calves is, for a very simple 
thing, a matter requiring considerable judg¬ 
ment and should never be left to the hired 
man. Suppose ten or fifteen calves are to be 
fed night and morning, they may be in a pas¬ 
ture some little distance from the house and 
it is some trouble to carry the milk to them, 
and how natural it is to empty the milk 
into a trough and leave them without seeing 
that each one gets its share. There is danger 
of the strong tyranizing over the weak, of the 
strong getting too much and the weak not 
enough. There is danger that the strong and 
greedy may at some time get too much feed 
and become sick or lose appetite in conse¬ 
quence thereof. And also that the weak and 
puny—and there are always some that are 
weak and puny in every flock—may fare badly 
several days before it is noticed, and thus lose 
health, strength and condition. Young calves 
may scour, become costive, bloat, be injured 
in many ways and the time to see to all these 
things is at feeding time. You may go 
through the calf pasture a dozen times a day 
and if the calves are living, the chances are 
that you can detect nothing ont of the way 
if they do not come to the milk trough and 
f eed in such a manner as only a young calf 
that is both healthy and hungry can feed, 
then there is something the matter. Calves 
should, in addition to plenty of feed, have free 
access to good clear water. I have this Spring 
raised a large lot of flue calves on a diet of 
hay-tea and skim milk,and they have done very 
well indeed. They now have a good run, and 
I dispense with the hay-tea, but in lieu thereof 
they have access to a trough in which I keep 
ground feed (peas, oats and barley) and they 
are all doing nicely. If all the calves in a 
flock get all the food they can assimilate, there 
is no danger of the strong oppressing the weak, 
and indeed there is no danger of there being 
weak calves in the flock. 
St. Lawrence Co., N.Y. F. K. Moreland. 
Referring to Leon’s Note (p. 354) I would 
say that Lawson’s Cypre.-a (Cupressus Law- 
soniana) is not hardy here, nor do I know of 
any large specimen in the vicinity of New 
York. If there is, I should like to have a few 
particulars concerning it. Parsons & Sons in 
their catalogue, in speaking of this beautiful 
evergreen, remark — “not entirely hardy 
excepting on high dry ground.”—C. P. [We 
take it “ Leon ” referred to a variety of Law- 
son’s Cypress. Eds.] 
A Minnesota correspondent inquires con¬ 
cerning the manner in which credit is noiv 
given for milk delivered at cheese or butter 
factories in New York and whether some plan 
has been or can bo devised for making the 
proper discrimination between rich and poor 
milk when received at the factory? In the 
early days of associated dairying milk was 
measured , as delivered at the factory, but 
this plan soon gave way to the more conven¬ 
ient and accurate method of weighing upon 
which credits are now commonly made. 
Ever since the establishment of the factory 
system the question of some simple way of 
measuring the richness or fatty matter in 
milk, so as to give the proper credit to differ¬ 
ent herds, has been agitated by dairymen. 
The fact that all sorts of milk are received 
alike on the simple standard of weight, or 
measure, was an argument used with great 
force against associated dairying at its begin, 
ning, for although the scientific side of the 
milk question was less understood then than 
now by dairymen, their observation and ex¬ 
perience had taught them that milk of differ¬ 
ent cows and of different herds varied in 
quality according to a number of conditions, 
such as breed of cows, distance from time of 
calving, the liberal or scanty supply of food 
and general treatment of stock. But how 
could a proper discrimination be made at the 
factory between the different sorts of milk? 
It was quite evident the tests of the lactome¬ 
ter and cream guage were too slow, too com¬ 
plicated and too unreliable in the hands of the 
average factory manager to be made a stand* 
ard; these tests were barely able to be made 
good and suificieut proof of watering milk by 
dishonest patrons and even now the courts 
hesitate to convict in many instances without 
concurrent testimony or proof in addition to 
these tests. To have insisted therefore upon 
these tests as a standard of quality by which 
every man’s milk should be regulated and 
credited would have imperiled the success of 
the factory system, and hence that point was 
given up at an earlv day, aud the question of 
quality is not considered so long as it appears 
a patron is sending milk of a certain specific 
gravity or is not suspected of watering it. But 
that there is an important difference in the 
value of milk —milk knoum to be pure and 
from cows well fed and cared for—is proved 
from rhe analysis of samples of genuine milk 
from different cows. Voelcker found such 
milks from different cows to vary in their re¬ 
spective constituents as follows: 
Mr. John S. Collins writes us that upon 
further examination of the Hovey and Man¬ 
chester he concludes that they are not at all 
identical.. . ....... 
Here is the first report from the Rural 
Heavy Dent corn, from Mr. Ellington, of Mc- 
Duffin County, Georgia: 
“I am highly pleased with the Rural 
Heavy Dent. It is now (June 16) in roasting 
ears.”....... 
It is now full time for the climate of Chi¬ 
cago and New York to bag grapes, if they are 
to be protected in this way at all. For a long 
time it was our opinion that bagging grapes 
was a puttering matter of little real utility. 
But we live and learn. If we would have 
fine bunches of grapes in spite of rot, birds, 
rose bugs and mildew we must bag them.... 
Mr. A. J. Caywood brings us some beauti¬ 
ful specimens of his red raspberry named 
Marlborough, which has figured in the Rural 
of Oct. 1, 1881. This, as it grows with Mr. C 
is a remarkable variety. As it has not been 
tested elsewhere, nothing is known as to its 
adaptability to a varied range of country, 
f he branches brought to us were cut from a 
cane eleven feet high, and one of the branches, 
about two feet long, bore 29 ripe and unripe 
berries. From the cane 11 feet in highc Mr. 
C. also brought laterals, two or three feet 
long, showing green berries from every axil, 
ending at the tip with from 10 to 12 berries. 
The berries are of a fine bright red when 
ready for the table—scarlet when ready to 
pick for the market. They are very firm even 
when fully ripe, of the first quality and aver¬ 
age the largest size, many of those among the 
specimens measuring a plump three-quarters 
of au inch in diameter, though ripened before 
any of the Caps were ripe at the Rural 
Grounds. Mr. Caywood picked his first ripe 
berries June 28. which, for this backward sea¬ 
son, is extremely early. As already stated in 
our first notice of this raspberry, its history 
traces back to the Britton and Antwerp, 
though three generations of seedlings were 
raised before the Marlborough was obtained. 
Mr. Caywood has plants five years old which 
have never been harmed, though always 
held to stakes and never protected. It is in¬ 
tended to offer this raspberry for sale before 
long in some way or other.... 
There is perhaps no better plant to give to 
a child for growing on the window, either as 
a relief from the tedium of confinement in 
case of sickness, or to initiate an interest in 
plants as a saving pre-occupation of the 
thoughts, than the Forget-me not. It is a 
water plant, and any little sprig of it, whether 
bearing flowers or not, will grow in a cup of 
water, and soon throw out roots below, and 
unfold successions of flowers above. The 
dwarf, compact, tufted, perennial kind is best, 
as it preserves a neat form. If put in the 
neck of a low. clear bottle and held in place 
by a bit of red worsted, it will be at once estab¬ 
lished and will require nothing but change of 
water once in a week or two. Two or three 
drops of ammonia may be added to a cupful 
of water if it is at hand. It will grow on all 
Sommer, and is easily kept in a pit or little 
hole in the ground covered by a glass for 
Winter. One of the French names for this plant 
is Plus jete vois plus jet' aims, which looks 
long, but its eight words are pronounced in 
five easy syllables. They mean ‘the more I 
look at you the more I love you.' The botan¬ 
ical name is Myosotis, a Greek word, mean¬ 
ing ‘mouse-ear,’ and referring to the shape 
and size of the hairy leaves. It is pro¬ 
nounced with the accent on os (second sylla¬ 
ble), but by many with the accents on my 
No: 751 contains 6.19 per cent, of sulphuric 
acid, equivalent to 13.SI per cent, of gypsum 
or land plaster. 
778. Sulphate of Ammonia Bradley Fertili¬ 
zer Co., Boston. It contains 20 56 per centt of 
Nitrogen, equivalent to 96.9 per cent, of Sul¬ 
phate of Ammonia. Cost, $6 per 100 lbs Ni¬ 
trogen costs $29,11 per 100 lbs. 
superphosphates and special manures. 
OUR ANIMAL PORTRAITS 
Short-horn Cow, Matchless. 
“It is not the number of guests you at any 
one time see dining at a restaurant that speaks 
well of its cuisine, but the number you see 
dining there constantly week after week ” re¬ 
marked Labouchere, an English notability, 
the other day. When people, having the 
option of trying new places stick to the old, 
having the liberty of putting their money in 
new investments, persistently put it in those to 
which they have been loug accustomed, it 
speaks well for the old places and the old forms 
of investment. This rule is particularly perti¬ 
nent to the controversy respecting the compar¬ 
ative meritsof Short-horns and other breeds of 
cattle. For the last century no breed of cattle 
has been so highly prized among English- 
speaking people, nor has any been so widely 
diffused as the Short-horn. In England, 
Ireland, Wales and Scotland, their influence 
has been predominant. In Canada and the 
United States they have found a congenial 
home and are rapidly improving the native 
Btock; in Australia and New Zealand they are 
prized even more highly than in their native 
island. Iu Russia, Germany, France, and 
even Japan, their praises are sounded and 
their blood is improving native strains. 
No other breed of cattle has effected such 
great improvement in the herds of the world. 
Others have competed with them, but hitherto 
in the number of their admirers, the prices 
they have commanded aud the extent to 
which they have been employed to improve 
other strains, they have distanced all rivals. 
At no time and tu no other country, perhaps, 
has this rivalry been so keen as it is ut preseut 
in the United States. The Hereford proves a 
more powerful competition in this country 
than in the native land of both; while the 
polled breeds, under the new conditions here 
presented, bids fair to become a powerful rival 
lor public favor at no distant day. The friends 
of the Short-horns, however, have fallen off 
neither in number nor in enthusiasm. After 
a century’s trial under all conditions, in all 
quarters of the globe, this splendid race still 
holds the first place for general excellence 
among the beef breeds, in the opinion of the 
stockmen of the world. In Fig. 228, page 434, 
we present a portrait of the prize winuing 
Short horn Cow Matchless, reengiaved from 
the English Agricultural Gazette. 
Water... 
Butter.... . 
Caselne. 
Milk Sugar. 
Mineral matter (ash). 
Percentage of dry matter 
Here we fiud a remarkable difference 
between No. 1 and No. 4, the percentage of 
dry matter in the one being a little more than 
six per cent, greater than in the other; the 
difference it will be seen in the dry matter is 
for the most part in the butter, amounting to 
upward of 5>£ per cent. Of the other consti¬ 
tuents making up the dry matter in the 
several samples of milk, all remain tolerably 
constant and vary so little that they may not 
be considered a special cause of complaint. 
But when one patron is delivering at his 
factory four or five pounds of butter more 
than his neighbor in every 100 pounds of milk 
the case has a nr re serious aspect. 
It may be said that the instances given are 
extremes found only in the milk of single 
cows, and that no herds of cows mark that 
difference in their milk when their milk is 
massed together. This is probably true,but that 
there is an important difference in the butter 
yield of milk from different herds is well 
known. The man who has a choice herd of 
cows, who feeds liberally and gives them the 
best of care and attention hardly feels satisfied 
that his milk should be held at no higher 
standard at the factory than the milk of a 
miserable “scrub-herd,” half starved for want 
of proper food and badly cared for. 
The only remedy to meet this discrepancy 
that I have heard of is the plan adopted by 
724. Dry Ground Fish Guano. Sold by R. 
B. Bradley & Co., New Haven. 
792. Dry Ground Fish Guano. Sold by Olds 
& Whipple, Hartford. 
762. Fish and Potash. Sold by S. A. Wel¬ 
don & Son, Bristol. 
755. Brighton Phosphate. Made by Bowker 
Fertilizer Co., New York and Boston. 
744. E. Frank Coe's Ammoniated Bone 
Superphosphate. 
749. Bradley’s XL. Superphosphate. Made 
by the Bradley Fertilizer Co., Boston. 
779. Dissolved Bone. Made by Wm. L. 
Bradley, Boston. 
752. H. J. Baker & Bros. A. A. Ammonia¬ 
ted Superphosphate of Lime, 
