IWAMOTO & WIRTZ: SYNOPSIS OF EASTERN ATLANTIC SERRANUS 
31 
9a) Anteriormost body band below spinous dorsal fin descends onto belly immediately behind base 
of pectoral fin; a bright light blue or white crescent mark behind orbit. 
. Serranus heterurus (Cadenat, 1937) 
9b) Anteriormost body band below spinous dorsal fin descends onto belly well removed from base 
of pectoral fin and separated from same by a broad white (pale) band; no prominent white (pale) 
crescent mark behind orbit.10 
10a) Anterior margin of spinous dorsal fin blackish or with a black blotch; pectoral-fin rays il6; 
gill rakers on first arch 15-18. Serranus inexpectatus Wirtz and Iwamoto, sp. nov. 
10b) Distal margin of spinous dorsal fin lacking black margin or blotch; pectoral-fin rays il4-il5; 
gill rakers on first arch 19-22. Serranus pulcher Wirtz and Iwamoto, 2016 
Acknowledgements 
For the loan of specimens, we are grateful to Roger Bills (SAIAB), David Catania (CAS), Rick 
Feeny (LACM), Ronald Fricke (SMNS), Olivier S. G. Pauwels (RBINS), Jeffrey Williams and 
Sandra Raredon (USNM), and Ulrich Schliewen and Dirk Neumann (ZSM). Many thanks to 
Schliewen and Neumann at the ZSM for providing facilities to exa min e specimens to PW; they also 
provided many helpful comments. Cedric D’Udekem D’Acoz and Olivier Pauwels (RBINS) 
provided information on the paratype of S. inexpectatus and arranged for its loan to TI. The 
following helped by contributing photos of living or freshly preserved specimens: Oddgeir 
Alvheim, Lucas Berenger, Sebastien Blache, Alberto Brito, David Catania, Alasdair Edwards, Fer¬ 
nando Espinho, Reinhold Hanel, Jay Hemdal, Rogelio Herrera, Patrick Louisy, Robert Patzner, 
Luiz Rocha, Nuno Vasco Rodrigues, Pascal Rommelaere, and Joe Russo. We are indebted to 
Benjamin Victor (Guy Harvey Research Institute, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL) 
for sharing the results of his genetic research on the S. hetrurus complex. The captains and crew of 
the RLV Dr. Fridtjof Nansen are thanked for their friendly and helpful ways that made TTs collect¬ 
ing activities on five surveys of the ship both enjoyable and productive; the ship’s Institute of 
Marine Research scientific complement, notably cruise leaders Jens-Otto Krakstad and Espen 
Johnson, and fishery technicians Diana Zaera-Perez and Oddgeir Alvheim, were especially 
hospitable, accommodating, and patient, often altering cruise plans to maximize TI’s collecting 
efforts. Travel costs for TI participation on these cruises were supported by the CAS In-House 
Research Fund. Thanks also to Rick Feeney (LACM) for sending a copy of the unpublished Ph.D. 
thesis of M.R. Meisler (1987) to the second author. Dave Catania, Mysi Hoang and Jon Fong 
(CAS) provided technical assistance. We are grateful to William D. Anderson, Jr. and John 
McCosker, who reviewed the manuscript and provided useful advice to improve the paper. This 
study received Portuguese national funds through FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) 
through project UID/Multi/04326/2013. 
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