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PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
Series 4, Volume 65, 28 Sept. 2018, No. 2 
there are two specimens of Paray & Miranda 7834 in that herbarium. On one of them, “tipo” is 
written in the same handwriting as the rest of the label (i.e., by Miranda), and in his 1955 note on 
this specimen Miranda indicated that flowers and part of the inflorescence were lost from the spec¬ 
imen. In his note, he also refers to the isotype, which contains flowers and an inflorescence. There¬ 
fore, it seems clear that the sheet bearing “tipo” is the holotype, as indicated above. 
Louteridium parayi is perhaps the most morphologically distinctive species in the genus. It 
possesses several unusual or unique characteristics: posterior lobe of the calyx subsaccate or with 
a basal appendage to 2.5 mm, a highly modified inflorescence, fused and basally subsaccate bracte- 
oles, narrow proximal portion of the corolla tube very short to nearly nonexistent, and leathery 
oblanceolate to obovate leaves. The modified inflorescence of this species appears to be a thyrse, 
but because the lateral and modified dichasia are alternate (i.e., only one per node of the rachis), 
the thyrse appears dichotomously branched. The major branches in the inflorescence are interpret¬ 
ed as dichasial lateral branches that expand through non-symmetrical sympodial growth into often 
elongate and somewhat zig-zag “dichasial shoots.” The inflorescence terminates in a dichasium. 
Although no staminodes were seen in several dissections of corollas, it is possible that one or 
more small appendagelike staminodes could not be discerned among the dense trichomes at the 
base of the filaments. Indeed, an aberrant bud with extra corolla lobes possessed three fully formed 
stamens. 
Additional specimens examined.— MEXICO. Chiapas: Mpio. Berriozabal, 13 km N of 
Berriozabal near Pozo Turipache and Finca Suspiro, [ca. 16°52’10.30”N, 093°17’21.61”W], 
D. Breedlove 20260 (DS), 24816 (DS, F, MICH, MO, NY, RSA), 26336 (DS, ENCB), 67024 (BR, 
CAS, MEXU, MO, US), D. Breedlove & T. Daniel 70889 (CAS), D. Breedlove & R. Thorne 30789 
(DS, ENCB, LL, MO); Mpio. Ocozocoautla de Espinosa, 30 km NW of Ocozocoautla, Cerro del 
Ocote, [ca. 16°55’51.78”N, 093°28’15.37”W], D. Breedlove 28970 (DS, ENCB); Mpio. Ocozo¬ 
coautla, Reserva del Ocote, Cerro La Colmena, al NE del Rancho Corocito, J. Calzada et al. 9623 
(F, MEXU, XAL); Mpio. Berriozabal, entre Col. Vista Hermosa y Rancho Flor de Corazon, [ca. 
16°54’25.98”N, 093°26’56.10”W], E. Palacios E. 1727 (CAS, IBUG, MEXU); El Suspiro, cerca 
de Berriozabal, [ca. 16°50’33.95”N, 093°18’07.62”W], L. Paray 204 (ENCB); Mpio. Ocozo¬ 
coautla de Espinosa, Cerro El Banadero, 7 km carr. Horizonte-El Cipres, 16°53’N, 093°32’W, 
F. Vazquez B. 952 (MEXU, XAL). Veracruz. Mpio. Jesus Carranza, Zona de Uxpanapa, ca. 1 km 
S of Sarabia-Uxpanapa road toward pueblo of Rio Alegre, [ca. 17°12’07.46”N, 094°41’34.34”W], 
T. Daniel & T. Wendt 5804 (CAS, DUKE, K, MEXU, MICH); Mpio. Minatitlan, Zona de Uxpana¬ 
pa, 13.7 km E of La Laguna toward Uxpanapa, then 6.5 km N toward Belisario Dominguez, [ca. 
17°18’47.80”N, 094°23’55.68”W], T. Daniel & T. Wendt 5805 (CAS); Mpio. Hidalgotitlan, Hnos. 
Cedillo-La Escuadra, por el Rio Soloxuchil, 17°16’N, 094°37’W, B. Dorantes 957 (ENCB); Mpio. 
Hidalgotitlan, 0-2 km del camino Plan de Arroyios-Alvaro Obregon, 17°15’N, 094°40’W, 
B. Dorantes 2850 (F, XAL); Mpio. Hidalgotitlan, KM 3 camino a La Escuadra, 17°15’N, 
094°40’W, B. Dorantes 3466 (ENCB, XAL); Mpio. Hidalgotitlan, KM 2 Plan de Arroyo-Rio Ale¬ 
gre, 17°15’N, 094°40’W, J. Dorantes 3040 (ENCB, IBUG, IEB, MEXU, XAL); Mpio. Hidalgoti¬ 
tlan, Camino Campto. Hnos. Cedillo-Plan de Arroyo, J. Dorantes 3625 (XAL, WIS); Uspanapas, 
14 km E of Campamento La Laguna (Poblado D.S.), 7.5 km N along small road through rubber 
plantation, [ca. 17°18’48.43”N, 094°23’56.21”W], B. Hammel & M. Merello 15573 (CAS, ENCB, 
MO); Mpio. Uxpanapa, a 13.8 km E de La Laguna por la terraceria a Uxpanapa, luego 6.8 km N 
por el camino a Belisario Dominguez, 17°18’48”N, 094°23’56”W, M. Ishiki et al. 2230 (K, 
MEXU, US); Mpio. Hidalgotitlan, Hnos. Cedillo-La Escuadra por el Rio Soloxuchil, 17°16’N, 
094°37’W, M. Vazquez T. 957 (ENCB, UC, XAL); Mpio. Jesus Carranza, 2 km N del Poblado 2, 
Ejido F.J. Mina, 17°16’N, 094°40’W, M. Vazquez 2617 (CAS), M. Vazquez et al. V-2566 (CAS, 
