GODDARD ET AL.: EL NINO IMPACT ON HETEROBRANCH SEA SLUG RANGES 111 
Onchidorididae 
Acanthodoris rhodoceras Cockerell in Cockerell and Eliot, 1905. Chup Point, Barkley Sound, 
Vancouver Island, British Columbia, 1 specimen, 12 m depth, 21 May 2018 (Fig. IB) found by 
Kathy Johnson (P. Mieras, personal communication to JG, 2 June 2018) to Bahia Tortugas, Baja 
California, Mexico (Behrens 1991) and Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California (Bertsch 2014). 
Previous northernmost locality: South side of Netarts Jetty in Netarts Bay, Oregon, 1 specimen 
12 mm long, low intertidal, 17 June 2015 (observed by TP; see Maginnis 2016). 
Remarks: The identity of specimens collected in the 1960s from Alaska (including the Arctic 
Ocean) and Vancouver Island by J. McLean, and referred to as A. rhodoceras by Fahey and Valdes 
(2005), needs to be verified for the following reasons. First, except for the specimen recently found 
in Barkley Sound, there are no other records of A. rhodoceras from north of Oregon, including 
from Bernard (1970), Millen (1983, 1989), Lee and Foster (1985), Goddard et al. (1997), Goddard 
and Foster (2002), Lamb and Hanby (2005), and Fletcher (2013). Second, no other heterobranch 
gastropod is known to have a geographic distribution extending from the Arctic Ocean into the 
Gulf of California (see Behrens and Hermosillo 2005), especially as recent integrative systematic 
studies have shown that nudibranchs from the Northeast Pacific Ocean once considered to have 
broad geographic ranges are actually complexes of species with more limited, but overlapping 
ranges (e.g., Lindsay et al. 2016; Lindsay and Valdes 2016). Based on the records of A. pilosa 
(Abildgaard, 1789) and the closely related A. atrogriseata O’Donoghue, 1927 from the North 
Pacific, including the Aleutian Islands and south central Alaska (Lee and Foster 1985; Hallas et al. 
2016), we think it likely the specimens collected by McLean in Alaska are either one or both of 
those species, a result likely to influence the biogeographic analyses conducted by Hallas et al. 
(2016), who relied on the distribution information given by Fahey and Valdes (2005) for 
A. rhodoceras, and who incorrectly showed it in their Figure 3 as being the only species of Acan¬ 
thodoris present along most of the Pacific coast of Alaska. 
Polyceridae 
Crimora coneja Er. Marcus, 1961. Boiler Bay, Lincoln Co., Oregon, 29 April 2017, 2 speci¬ 
mens, low rocky intertidal at south end of bay, observed by Lillian Mayer and her Biology class 
from Clackamas Community College (L. Mayer, personal communication to JG, 1 May 2017; for 
image see Nosier 2017) to Point Loma, San Diego, California (Marcus 1961). 
Previous northernmost locality: North Cove, Cape Arago, Oregon (Goddard 1984). 
Limacia mcdonaldi Uribe, Sepulveda, Goddard and Valdes, 2017. Moat Creek Beach, Men¬ 
docino Co., California, 24 June 2017, 1 specimen, low rocky intertidal (observed by JG; for image 
see <https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6868719>) to Cabo San Lucas (Lance 1961) and 
into the Gulf of California to Bahia de los Angeles (Keen 1971; Angulo-Campillo 2003, 2005). 
Previous northernmost locality: Not clear, owing to identification until 2017 as L. cockerelli 
(MacFarland, 1905). Images show that L. mcdonaldi has occurred on the Monterey Peninsula since 
at least the 1960s and 70s (e.g., McDonald 2016; Goddard 2017a). Since 2014 L. mcdonaldi has 
also been recorded many times from San Mateo and Marin counties (RA, personal observations; 
and see <https://www. inaturalist. org/observations?verifiable= true&taxon_id= 538831&place_id= 
&preferred_place_id= &locale= en>). 
Additional northern localities: Salt Point State Park, Sonoma Co., California, 9 May 2016, 
1 specimen, low rocky intertidal (observed by WP, DM, PD). Drake’s Estero, Point Reyes Nation¬ 
al Seashore, California, 15 specimens, low rocky intertidal shelf just inside mouth of the estero, 
8 June 2016 (observed by JG; for image see <https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/5397011>). 
