Price Five Cents, 
$2.00 Per Year. 
Vor. XXXIX. No. 2 
Whore No. 1563. 
second-class matter.] 
Entered at the Poet-Office at New York City, N. Y., as 
« the two species feeding together generally in 
perfect harmony : but the European species 
always avoided any intrusion on the rightB or 
This characteristic 
in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. 
[E ntered a ccording to Act of Congress, in the year 1879, by the Rural Publishing Company 
, T His life ba8 been 30 busy a 0ne tbat hC haS 
nnrjmriral not had time to get rich. True, he made and 
* _ owned one of the best farms in the VVest- 
especially as regards fruit—but grasshoppers 
and Hbylocks wrested it from him. He has 
always been enthusiastic in his opinions as to 
the benefit of tree-planting on the Western 
prairies, and has with his own hands set out 
thousands of fruit and forest trees, has had 
many more thousands planted for him, and 
been instrumental in the clothing of the tree¬ 
less prairies of the State with millions of for¬ 
est and fruit trees. All along he has taken 
special pride in advancing all educational and 
agricultural interests in the whilom ‘-Great 
American Desert”, which, daring his time and 
not a little owing to his efforts and the in¬ 
fluence of his example, has become a teeming 
area of arable, meadow and rich pasture 
laud. 
At present Gov. Furnas is engaged in farm¬ 
ing and fruit-growing, with every prospect of 
soon re-establishing the fortune of which in¬ 
sect and usurious pests some time since de¬ 
prived him. The Governor is pre-eminently a 
self-made man, having since the age of ten 
“ hoed his own row,” both his parents having 
premises of its neighbor, 
of the worm, which is very marked, is directly 
in contrast with the character of the perfect 
insect, which, as it had done in the Eastern 
States, has driven before it, wherever it made 
its appearance, our native species. I am it> 
formed by one careful observer that he has 
even seen it battling with onr native cabbage 
butterfly. Be the cause what it may, as soon 
as it made its appearance in a locality the na¬ 
tive species, althongh abundant before, imme¬ 
diately disappeared. The pnpa state of the 
first or summer brood as given by Dr. Fitch, 
varies from seven to nineteen days ; the ob¬ 
servations made here indicate a somewhat 
shorter period for this latitude, varying from 
five to teu days. The species is generally 
understood to be two-brooded. The perfect 
insect was taken here last spring early in 
notes on the cabbage wobms 
OUR PORTRAIT GALLERY, 
PROFESSOR CYRUS THOMAS. 
BOBEBT W. FUBNAS, 
ises to give us efficient aid in toe ciefitruLiiou 
of this pest next season. A large number of 
the cocoons and a few specimens of the perfect 
insect of a species of Microguster (not yet de¬ 
termined) were observed in eowpauy with the 
worms. The cocoons are white, which fact 
alone would indicate that it is different from 
the species that attacks the cabbage worm in 
Europe. 
In examiuiug the remains of pupa? of the 
cabbage insect that had beeu infested by the 
Pterornalus, I noticed that in almost every in¬ 
stance some of the parasites had failed to make 
their escape. As these had passed through the 
pupa state, though not always with perfect 
wings, it iB certain that they had not been at¬ 
tacked by a secondary parasite. Did they fail 
to perfect their organization and to acquire suf¬ 
ficient strength to cut their way out from want 
of sufficient tood ? According to Curtis as many 
as two or three hundred may be found In a 
single pupa of Pieris brassies—which is a larger 
species than P- rapse- In the latter I find the 
number to vary from ten to thirty, which cor¬ 
responds closely with Dr. Packard’s observa¬ 
tions. 
I found no instance of the worm being at¬ 
tacked by a Taehiua fly. A small Bpider, 
probably the Theridion brassic* of Dr. Filch, 
was quite numerous among the cabbages, but 
when these failed ; what has been the general 
result I will mention a little further on. 
As is well known, the female of thi6 species 
scatters her eggs singly over the leaves; our 
native Western species, Pieris protodice, ap¬ 
pears to have the same habit. The habit 
which the young larva has, of devouring the 
egg shell immediately after it has escaped from 
it, appears to be common to all the species of 
the genus, and was long ago noticed in refer 5 
ence to P. braeslete by that close observer 
Harold. 
I had a fair opportunity the past season of 
testing the statement made by Dr. Fitch as to 
the peaceable and unaggresslve disposition of 
the worm. Toward the close of the season a 
new cabbage worm made its appearance in my 
sanion in onn&ider&ble numbers. I observed 
died of cholera within four days ot each other 
when he was in his ninth year. He is now the 
only member of his family living, a twin 
brother having died before his parents, and a 
sister shortly after their death. Among the 
representative men of this couutry—those who 
have made an honorable position tor them¬ 
selves by their talents, euergy, honorable life 
and valuable services, Governor Furuas stands 
in the front rank. 
With such men in the van, little wonder that 
the Great West has advanced rapidly over the 
great prairies, subdued the Great American 
Desert and become the hope and home of the 
landless, the Impoverished, the cnterprizlng 
and the bold spirits not of the Eastern States 
alone, but of Europe and one might almost 
Bay, of the entire elvilized world. 
