FEB. 7 
THE BUBAL NEW-YORKER 
t 
fomologiral, 
Select apple list of Nebraska. 
Wk are indebted to Coy. Furnas for the follow¬ 
ing Report of a Special Committee of the Nebraska 
State Horticultural Society: 
In 1871 the Nebraska State Horticultural Society 
announced a “Select list’' of seven varieties of 
Apples, best suited In all respects, to culture in 
the state, both for market and family purposes; 
two summer, two rail, and three winter. These 
were Carolina Red June, Cooper’s Karly White, 
Malden’s Blush, Fameuae, Rawlo’s Janet, Pen 
Davis, and Wlneaap. An additional list of 12 
varieties was given, adding to the foregoing, Red 
Astracnan, itamno, White Winter 1’earmaln, Dom- 
lne, and Talman’s Sweet. At the meeting, January, 
1879, the list was increased and slightly changed 
by adding Sweet Rough, Duchess of Oldenburg, 
Porter, Peck’s Pleasant, Dailey’s sweet, and Wil¬ 
low Twig, and substituting Jonathan for White 
Winter Pearmaw, tne latter having of late 
“scabbed,” so badly as to render it almost worth¬ 
less. The Jonathan being further tested, has 
given universal satisfaction, and was therefore 
placed In Its stead. 
At the meeting last named the undersigned 
were appointed a special committee to prepare 
and present the points of excellence claimed, and 
found to exist, In Nebraska tor the list as It now 
stands, giving a full description of every variety. 
In furtherance of the objects for which the com¬ 
mittee was appointed, the following report Is pre¬ 
sented : 
The descriptions are principally from “ Down¬ 
ing’s Fruit and Frail Trees of America,” to which 
are added the peculiar or particular characteristics 
obtained by experience In Nebraska. The list 
presented has had twenty years’ experience In the 
State and Territory. In every Instance the varie¬ 
ties presented have shown greater size and liner 
color than Downing’s descriptions call for. 
While there are many other varieties, so far as 
tested, lliat show themselves well adapted to the 
sou and climate-and it is bcUeved time and fur¬ 
ther experience will give them a place on our 
“select list”—the Ust as It now stands, comes as 
near pertectlon, in aU essential requisites, as the 
Society has been able to tlnd, corning within the 
limits of the number of varieties named. The 
General list recommew.ted heretofore at various 
meetings of the Society, as having been found 
worthy so far as-tested, has not been changed. 
Hummer Varieties. 
Red June.—W e call this apple simply Red June. 
The proper name, as given In standard pomologlcal 
books, la “ CaroUna Red Juno.” Tree very vigor¬ 
ous, upright; an early and very abundaut bearer. 
Fruit, medium size; skin, smooth, deep red, sunny 
side almost purple, with light bloom; flesh very 
white, tender, juicy, brisk sub-mud; ripens alter 
early harvest; lair table, excellent market. 
Rejl> Astkachan.— It Is a Russian apple—hardy 
as an oak. Tree vigorous, upright, and an abund¬ 
ant and regular bearer; a little tardy coming Into 
beax-lug; fruit rather above the medium, smooth, 
roundish; In sun, deep crimson; In shade a little 
greenish-yellow; flesh, quite white, crisp, moder¬ 
ately Juicy, rich acid; not llrst quality lor eating; 
good cooking and valuable for market. Ripens 
July to August. 
Maiden’s Blush.—T ree rapid grower, spreading 
head, and bears large crops; fruit medium, skin 
smooth, waxeu appearance, pale yellow in shade, 
brilliant crimson next to the sun; flesh white, 
tender, sprightly, pleasant sub-acid; good for both 
table and market. Ripens from last of August to 
October. 
Sweet Bouoh.—K uown In our Society, and gen¬ 
erally, by that name. Catalogue name, “ Large 
Yellow Rough." Tree, moderately vigorous, round 
head, abundant bearer; fruit above medium, 
oblong, ovate; skin smooth, pale greenish to yel¬ 
low ; flesh slightly creamy, crisp, rich, sprightly, 
sweet; one of the best early sweet apples. Ripens 
July to August. 
Coot-KK’s Early White.—H as been tested by Mr. 
Masters, particularly, tor 20 years. Is of Western 
origin; was brought to Nebraska by Mr. M. its 
quality is above medium as an early variety; tree 
strong, robust, rather rough-looking; little tardy 
coming into bearing; fruit medium, roundish, 
little flattened, pale yellow waxened appearance, 
with a lalut blush tinge ot green at the stem; flesh 
white, crisp, sprightly; fruit makes a line appear¬ 
ance ; at our exhibits, at home and abroad, has 
attracted moru attention than any other variety 
raised In the State; handles well, sells well, and la 
valuable In all respects. 
Duoukss oe Oldenburg.— A ltulslan apple; 
while not of llrst quality, It always lluds ready 
sale. Tree vigorous; head spreading; requires 
little or no pruning; li-utt medium; skin smooth; 
llnely marked and. streaked with red, on a golden 
ground; flesh juicy, sprightly sub-acid; ripens 
late, August to early September; Is a line market 
variety, but must be handled at once, when ripe 
and ready. 
Autumn Varieties. 
Fame use.— An old french variety, from Canada; 
tree moderately vigorous; round head; fruit medi¬ 
um, roundish, somewhat flattened; skin, ground 
of pale red on shady aide, line deep red in sun; 
flesh remarkably white, very tender, Juicy, with 
slight perfume; a valuable market sort. 
Kambo.— Tree vigorous, spreading, productive; 
fruit medium, flat smooth, yellowish white In 
shade, streaked and marble with pale-yellow In 
Bun, and speckled with large rough dots; flesh 
greenish while, very tender, rich, mild sub-acid; 
good for table, kitchen and market; ripens Octo¬ 
ber to December. 
Feck's Pleasant.— Tree moderately vigorous, 
spreading grower; fruit above medium; skin 
smooth; when ttrat gathered green, with a little 
dark red; when ripe, beautiful clear yellow, with 
blush on sunny side; flesh yellowish, fine-grained. 
crisp and tender, with a delicious, high, aromatic, 
sprightly, sub acid flavor; commands high price 
In market, where known; November to March. 
Bailey's Sweet —Tree vigorous, spreading, pro¬ 
ductive; fruit large, roundish conical, obscurely 
ribbed, yellowish, striped with red and sprinkled 
with minute dots; flesh white, tender, not very 
Juicy, almost melting, honeyed sweet flavor; 
ripens November to March. 
Poktek. — Tree moderately vigorous, forming 
low, round, spreading head; fruit rather large; 
color clear, glossy, bright yellow, dull blush next 
to sun; flesh fine-grained, sprightly, agreeable, 
sub-acid; valuable market fruit; ripens In Sep¬ 
tember. 
Wiuter Varieties. 
Ben Davis. —Tree vigorous, round, erect head, 
bearing early, regularly, and abundantly. Fruit 
above medium to large. Form roundish, trun¬ 
cated, conical, often Hides unequal, Bplashed and 
striped with two shades of red. Flesh white, ten¬ 
der, moderately Juicy, pleasant sub-acid; Is not 
No. t as to quality, but one of the very best market 
varieties; keeps, handles and ships better than 
almost any other variety; is a beautiful and at¬ 
tractive apple, and, consequently, always sells 
well; Is pronounced, generally, “ the apple for the 
million.” 
Winesap Is so well known everywhere and by 
everybody, that description seems almost needless. 
Tree rather Irregular, not forming a handsome 
head; a vigorous and rapid grower; comes Into 
bearing early, and bears regularly; very produc¬ 
tive-holds Its fruit late without Injury—fruit 
medium, rather rouudlsh—skin smooth, dark red- 
flesh yellow, and of a tine, crisp, rich, high flavor— 
ripens November to May—one of the best both for 
table and market. 
Domine.— Tree a rapid grower, early and pro¬ 
digious bearer—fruit almost fac-slmlle of Rambo 
In appearance, ouly a more lively color—a spright¬ 
ly, Juicy, long-keeping, winter variety—It Is excel¬ 
lent from December to April. 
Talman’s Sweet.—T ree upright, vigorous grow¬ 
er, and very productive —fruit globular—when 
ripe, whitish yellow, soft blush on one side—flesh 
quite white, rather Arm, flne-gralned, and of a 
rich, sweet flavor—probably one of the best mar¬ 
ket sweet apples—ripens November to April. 
Jonathan.— Tree vigorous, upright, spreading, 
round bead, hardy, and very productive; an early 
and regular bearer; fruit medium, regularly 
formed, roundish, conical, or tapering to the eye; 
skLn thin and smooth; g.ound clear, light-yellow, 
nearly covered by lively red stripes, deepening 
into brilliant red In the sun; flesh a little pinkish, 
very tender, Juicy, with a high vinous flavor, al¬ 
most equal to Esopus Spltzenburgh. With those 
who have tested It In Nebraska thoroughly.lt is 
called “ the coming apple.” Its quality Is superb 
as a table apple, and, when well known, It will 
always command good prices In the market; It Is 
not so long a keeper as many other varieties. Thus 
far, the Jonathan has shown no “ills,” and Is good 
almost from the time of gathering. 
Rawle’s Janet —more familiarly known as 
“ Janettlng,” “ Gannet ’’—has a host of synonyms. 
Tree vigorous and spreading, not an early bearer, 
but regular when It comes into beating ; a later 
bloomer than any other variety, thus avoiding late 
freezes. For this reason alone, It la particularly 
valuable with us; rruit rather large, yellowish; 
shaded with red and striped with crimson; flesh 
whitish-yellow, tender, juicy, pleasant, sub-acid, 
Is both excellent and popular, a good keeper, one 
of the most valuable market varieties ; It Is classed 
In Nebraska, “ Iron-Clad.” 
Willow twio—T ree vigorous, spreading some¬ 
what drooping; fruit medium, light yellow, with 
russet dots; flesh yellowish green, not very ten¬ 
der ; pleasant sub-acid; valuable for late keeping, 
and of the best market varieties. 
Robert W. Furnas, K. N. Grknnel, V. c. l*TLEY t 
Hiram Craig, J. T. Allan, Samuel Barnard’ 
Recommended List. 
At the annual meeting of the State Horticultural 
Society, March 1,1876, J. U. Masters, Hiram Craig, 
R. W. Furnas, S. B. Hobson and J. T. Allan, were 
appointed a committee to revise the list of fruits 
recommended for general cultivation, and In¬ 
structed to report only those varieties which had 
been thoroughly tested and proved successful. 
The committee made the following report, which 
Is not as extensive as It might have been, as It Is 
deemed advisable not to recommend too many va¬ 
rieties, believing It best to give attention to those 
which are most desirable for profit, combined with 
excellence of flavor: 
summer Attles.— Early Harvest and Summer 
I’earmalu, llrst quality; Early Pennock; Buflin’s 
Early, best early variety; Williams' Favorite. 
Autumn Apples.— -Jersey Sweet, hardy and re¬ 
liable ; Gabriel, one of the very best; Fall Wine; 
Drap d’Or, very hardy ; Uubbardston Nonsuch, a 
good bearer. 
Winter Apples.— White Winter Pearmaln, very 
successful; Yellow Bellflower; Roman stem, good 
for late winter; Clyde Beauty, excellent for early 
winter; Grimes’s Golden Pippin, of line quality; 
Swaar; Perry Russet, very profitable; Esopus 
Spltzenburgh; Northern Spy; Red Detroit, hardy 
but slow bearer. 
The committee appointed at the last meeting of 
the Horticultural Society add to this list the fol¬ 
lowing : 
Early Red Streak, Sweet June, Autumn Straw¬ 
berry, Autumn Swaar, Early Trenton, Sops of 
Wine. 
Yfinrcllnncous Fruit List. 
The fruits In the following list have aU been well 
tested In Nebraska rrom ten to twenty years, and 
are presented by the State Horticultural Society, 
as, In most respects, worthy and reliable. 
Crabs.— Transcendant, Hyslop, Uewes. 
Pears.— Summer—Uostlezler, best early; Blood- 
good, early and good; Doyenne d’Ete, smaU, very 
Bweet; Buerre UUTord. 
Autumn—Bull urn, an erect, strong grower, bears 
weU; Howell, ranks among the best; Seckel, un¬ 
surpassed In flavor; Duchesse d’Angouleme ; 
Buerre Diehl, fruit large, a good bearer; Louise 
Bonne de Jersey; White Doyenne, a prolific bearer. 
Sheldon, does weU; Doyenne Boussock, a strong 
grower; Buerre Bose, recommended by the presi¬ 
dent. 
Winter—Buerre d’Anjou, best winter pear; Law¬ 
rence, does well; Vicar ot Wlnkfleld. 
Cherries.— Early Richmond, best for profit; 
BeUe Magulfique, very successful; Heine Hor- 
tense; English Morello, very profitable; May 
Duke. 
Plums— Jefferson, Miner, Lombard, Green Gage, 
German Prune, Imperial Quge. 
Peaches.— Hale’s Karly, Crawford's Early, Early 
Y’ork, Stump the World, Troth's Karly, George IV., 
Smock, Crawford’s Late, Ward's Late, Morris 
White, Old Mixon. Early Beatrice, Amsden, Alex¬ 
ander, Newington Free, Jacquc’s Rareripe, Heath 
Cling. 
Apricots.— Breda, Moorpark, Early Golden, 
Peach, Hemsklrke. 
Grapes.— Concord; Hartford Prolific, best early; 
Delaware, better than Concord and equally hardy; 
Iona, Ives’s Seedling, Martha, Crevellng, Eumelan> 
Salem, Goethe (Rogers's Hybrid), very line and 
hardy. 
Strawberries. — Ellsworth, Agriculturalist, 
Green Prolific, Wilson’s Albany. 
Blackberries.— Early Wilson, very reUable; 
Klttattnny; Snyder. 
Gooseberries.— Houghton's Seedling, White¬ 
smith, Cottage Girl, Smith’s Improved. 
Currants.— Red and White Dutch. White Grape, 
Cherry Versailles. 
Those who grow fruit for market will find a very 
great advantage In assorting fruit before placing 
it on sale. A few extra apples in a barrel or bas¬ 
ket show an unfavorable comparison with the In¬ 
ferior. A few Inferior destroy the value ot the 
superior. Perfect apples, of uniform size, color 
and shape, always command superior prices. B t 
ter throw away the Inferior than mix them with 
the extra and select. In matter of transportation, 
It costs as much for the poor as the good. Sales 
and profits are largely In favor of the latter. 
Planting Fruit Trees. 
For an orchard of Standard Apples, Pears, Cher¬ 
ries, Plums, Apricots, Prunes, Peaches, Nectar¬ 
ines and Quinces, the soil, excepting new grounds, 
should, before planting,be maefe mellow by repeated 
plowing, and kept constantly cultivated for sev¬ 
eral succeeding years. For this purpose, potatoes, 
beets and other low-headed crops are best, as they 
give the trees ;the frequent benefit or the plow, 
cultivator and hoe, and leave them In the full en¬ 
joyment of the necessary stimulants of the air 
and light. Every species of fruit tree and plant 
prefers a peculiar soli In which It flourishes best, 
and requires less manure and culture, producing 
better fruit than In soli less congenial, yet so dif¬ 
ferent are the various species that almost every 
soli, from the peat beg to the sandy plain, Is adapt¬ 
ed to fruit, and all the Intermediate soils between 
these wide extremities are adapted to various spe¬ 
cies. 
The first care on getting trees home should be 
to dig a hole In the ground, fill it with water, stir 
In enough soli to make It moderately thick, and 
then plunge the roots of the trees In It until they 
are thoroughly coated with mud. Then keep trees 
of each variety tied together as they are received 
(unless tne branches are so large that the sou can 
not reach aU the roots, In which case they should 
be divided), “heel them la”—that Is, bury the 
roots, to the depth or four or five Inches, In loose, 
well pulverized soli. In such manner that when 
ready to plant, you can pull up each variety by It¬ 
self, without uncovering the remainder. By so 
doing, you will have the root ot eacU tree damp 
and In good condition when planted, as trees are 
often killed and always Injured by being left to 
the mercy or the hot sun or cold winds until all 
cm be regularly planted, it wlll.be seen that these 
precautions are very Important. 
Should trees be received In a wilted or frozen 
condition, as is sometimes the case from unavoid¬ 
able detention on the road, they should be at once 
burled In the earth to within a few inches ot the 
tops, and there left until they recover, if frosted 
however, the roots should not be touched with the 
hauds, or subjected to the rays of the sun or 
any artificial heat, before they are placed in the 
ground. 
Let the hole be dug from eighteen to twenty-four 
Inches in depth, and large enough (the larger the 
better) to receive the roots without tramping; 
throw back and scatter the sub-soli, and partially 
fill the hole with good surface earth, so as to fit It 
for the tree to stand about as deep as when in the 
nursery. 
Prune off the ends of the roots, leaving them 
fresh and free from bruises, and put the tree m the 
place prepared; cover the roots lightly with rich, 
mellow earth, pour on water, and work the tree 
gently up and down, alternately adding earth and 
water until every cavity Is well fllled; or, better, 
work the earth thoroughly among the roots with 
the hand. 
Trim up the tree to four or five limbs suitable to 
form a top, and cut each of the side limbs back to 
a bud, within four or five inches of the body, leav¬ 
ing the central, or leading, limb from eight to 
twelve Inches long; but where there are no side 
limbs suitable for this purpose, the tree should be 
divested of all Us branches and headed back to a 
bight proper to form the top. It planted In au¬ 
tumn, this pruning should be deferred until early 
In the spring; but It should by no means be ne¬ 
glected altogether, as nothing so much conduces 
to the success of transplanting and to the subse¬ 
quent beauty and prosperity ot the tree. 
If the trees come to hand while the earth Is too 
wet to receive them, bury their roots until tne 
condition of the earth is more favorable, if the 
roots become dry from too long exposure, place 
them in water, and let them remain there Irorn 
eighteen to twenty-four nours. To protect them 
rrom the drought, nothing is so effectual as to 
spread a covering of straw, loose litter or leaves 
about their roots after the transplanting is com¬ 
pleted. Tula keeps the earth light and moist, and 
renders the too often injurious process of watering 
unnecessary. 
AGRICULTURAL NEWS. 
A company has been organized to construct an 
Irrigating canal from the Platte River, Colorado, 
eastward to the great plains south of Denver. 
Length sc miles; width 20 feet; depth several feet, 
cost $ 100 , 000 , results the cultlvullorCof 110,000 acres 
of the finest wheat land In the Union.... In Law¬ 
rence Co., N. Y r . 200,000 cows net $’B,ooo a day profit 
on their mUk... .The Ayrshire Breeders’ Associa¬ 
tion held their annual meeting lately In Boston- 
In the treasury $908.33. it was voted to petition 
Congress for stringent legislation relative to 
stamping out pluro-pneunoinla. Officers for the 
current yearPres., Dr. Pierce of Providence, 
vice-presidents; Peter Coutts of Cal.. J. 1,. Gibb 
of Canada, .T. F. Converse of N. Y., Alonzo Libby 
of Me., J. L. Turner of Texas; Sec. and Ed. of 
Ayrshire Herd Book, ,J. D. W. French of North 
Andover, Mass., re-elected; Treas., J. F. Brown of 
Providence, R. I.; Exec-Com.fW. Blrneeof Spring- 
field, Mass, s. M. Wells of Westfield, ct., C. H. 
Hays of Portsmouth N. H., J. F. Hyde of N. Y., 
Herbert Merlam of Weston, Mass....The officers 
of the lately striking Butchers’ Union or Chicago 
have misappropriated $7,000 of the funds raised to 
support the strike—much wrangling as to which 
of them is the guUt.lest....Jlm Keene and his 
wheat combination are, It seem3, In tne meat 
business, too. While 'the prices or meat were 
highest In Chicago they unloaded a considerable 
quantity, and then during the recent heavy de¬ 
cline they bought In heavy quantities, aud t he rise 
which began on Monday last was due to their In¬ 
fluence.... There was a general snow storm In Cal 
on Monday—an application or a dressing of the 
poor man’s manure ... Last spring a bill allowing 
farmers to sell leaf tobacco of their own produc¬ 
tion to other persons tnan licensed dealers without 
paying special tax was referred to the Committee 
on Agriculture, of the National House of Repre¬ 
sentatives, wnich has Just reported It favorab'y to 
the House. The manufacturers now Insist that It 
should properly have been referred to the Com. 
on Ways and Means, and strenuously oppo 3 ethe 
passage of the bill. It has a very strong support, 
however, among those who from policy or a prin¬ 
ciple of fairness, are beginning to pay attention to 
tne agricultural Interest ...On Jan. 20 th, a bill 
was Introduced Into ths Lower House ot Congress, 
By Mr. Masou of N. Y.. to Incorporate the 
cosmo-Amerlcan Colonization and General Emi¬ 
gration Bureau of the United States. The bill In¬ 
corporates Thuriow Weed, Cardinal McCloskey, 
and twenty-eight others as such bureau, the cap¬ 
ital stock of which shall be not less than $ 1 , 000 ,- 
000 and may be Increased, and the object of which 
Is to be the encouraging, promoting and conduct¬ 
ing of emigration from the overcrowded cities and 
other districts of the United States, and from 
Great Britain and other parts of Europe to the 
several states and Territories of the United States 
needing Immigrants, and for other humane and 
commercial purposes ... Owing to the disease of 
the vine, the area of the vineyards in France has 
decreased by about four hundred thousand acres 
since the year 1S74; though a great portion of tne 
soil In which the vine formerly flourished Is unfi t 
for any other culture. The area of vineyards In 
the country Is at present about five mll.lon acres. 
...John Bright advocates as relier for Irish 
troubles that Parliament should appoints com¬ 
mission with full) power to sell the farms of land, 
lords to tenants willing to buy them and advance 
three-fourths or the purchase money, the principal 
and Interest to be paid in 30 years—the sale to be 
compulsory only where the land la owned by 
London companies or guilds, which is the 
case with large tracts here and there_• 
“ Fluke” on the Uver Is a very fatal disease among 
sheep near Banbury England... .One of the boys 
ou an English reformatory ship has died from 
trichinosis, although the pork had been thoroughly 
boiled for a long time—hitherto considered cer¬ 
tain destruction to the parasites. Of course, It 
% noised abroad that American pork formed part 
of the dietary— The Importation of pork from 
this country In any shape has been prohibited in 
Spain, Italy and Greece through alleged rear of 
a trichinosis epidemic....The largest shipment of 
grain that ever took place down the Mississippi 
started from St. Louis to N. O , week before last; 
270,000 bushels of corn loaded on barges towed 
by a powerful steam tug ...In 1879 nearly 22 
million pounds of foreign wool were sold In Boston 
and 26 million pounds imported into N. Y„ while 
woolen manufactures worth $20,773,785 were algo 
landed here. Plenty sales for more home-grown 
wool—Salt is now being manufactured tor fer¬ 
tilizing purposes exclusively—not classed, of a 
reddish tinge, price about $6 26 per ton, So says 
the Grange Bulletin....The National Grange Is 
circulating a petition to Congress to amend the 
patent laws so as to make the manufacturer and 
vendor of patent articles alone responsible for in¬ 
fringement-success to that check upon patent 
swindlers and extortioners J... Several sales ot 
land are reported near Galnsvllle, Ga., at tuii per 
cent, advance on last, year’s prices_The Ag. 
Dept, or Ga, estimates that 80 per cent, of the 
farmers who raise their own supplies make money, 
whUe 76 per cent of those who give liens 
and mortgages and pay high Interest on sup¬ 
plies advanced, don’t make both ends meet 
Mule market very lively In Ky,, prices advanced 
$20 on good mules, but, like good Indians, they’re 
scarce.... The mule and horse trade in the South 
Is said to be better than since "73_There’s a anmi i 
“ boom” In broom corn culture about Danville, 
Ky $5 per 112 pounds is the contract price for 
300 acres ot hemp to be raised tills year In Fayette 
Co., Ky.... 20 ,000 bales of hemp “to arrive” have 
been lately sold here at 5c to tU 4 o... Old hemp 
sells In Interior Ky lor $0 per 112 pounds; new, 
for $5: good seed very source and high-priced_ 
The convention of the butter-tub manufacturers 
of Vt., N. H. and N. met at St. Albans, Vt., on 
Jan., 29 and advanced the price of tubs an aver¬ 
age of one cent each... The Western Iron Asso¬ 
ciation met last Friday at Pittsburgh and put up 
prices on iron.... 
