Vol. XXXIX. No. 48. 
Whole No. 1609. 
NEW YORK, NOV. 27, 1880. 
i Price Five Cents. 
( $2.00 Peb Year. 
[Entered according to Act of Congress. In the year 1880, by the Rural New-Yorker. In the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.] 
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HIGH-BRED 
DUTCH (OR 
CATTLE. 
HOLSTEIN) 
We secured pictures of several of the prize 
animals at the recent show of the New York 
Agricultural Society at Albany, and id present¬ 
ing our readers a portrait of Ibefioe bull “Billy 
Boelyn” and of the two beautiful heifers 
“ Nannie Smit" and 14 Panacea,” oiler a short 
sketch of the herd, sincerely regretting that 
the noble cows “ Ondine " and “Johanna,”— 
the former a first prize winner at Rotterdam in 
lS73_ WO uld not stand still enough for our 
photographer to get their pictures. 
The Krlrmhlld Holstein Herd. 
This admirable herd imported, bred and 
owned by Mr. Gerrit 8. Miller, of Peterboro, 
New York, is only eleven years old. Mr. Mil¬ 
ler brought in the year 1809 four animals se¬ 
lected by his brother wbohad been led toprefer 
this breed because he had witnessed the accu¬ 
rate testing of the several prominent breeds in 
comparison with one another at the German 
agricultural school which he had been attend¬ 
ing- This breed has attalued 6uch popularity 
within half a dozen years, that it is hard to 
realize that at ihe time spoken of Mr. Wluthrop 
Ghenery of linsion etood almost alone as an 
importer and breeder of these, yet so It was. 
These four animals, “ Hollander," 4 ‘ Dowager," 
“ Crown Princess " and“ Frauleln," soou began 
to attract the attention of dairymen and far¬ 
mers of Madison County and vicinity, and it 
only look one season to convince them of the 
great excellence of the breed for milk, inde¬ 
pendent of its beef qualities. Mr. Miller bred 
from these animals until ’78, when he exhib¬ 
ited a herd at our State Fair in Albany. Tho 
competition was strong, the 1st prize herd from 
the New Englaud Fair and the 1st prize herd 
from the Rhode Island State Fair, in addition 
to a flue lot imported by T. E. Whitney, were 
in the show ring , yet be took 
the herd prize, 1st and 2nd 
on cows, 2d on two-year-old 
heifers, 1st and 2d on year¬ 
ling heifers, and 1st on 
aged bull. This was quite 
eucouragiog. In 1874 at 
Rochester and at U tica the 
herd was equally successful. 
From that date to this Au¬ 
tumn he has not exhibited 
at any fair. In 1870 six 
head were Imported, “Billy 
Boelyn ” among the number. 
An old cattle dealer of Hol¬ 
land of 25 years’ experience, 
spent a week in hunting up 
this bull, and when he re¬ 
turned with his prize said, 
" he was as fine a bull as 
could be found in that coun¬ 
try.” In 1878 Mr. Miller 
Imported eight heifers and 
the cow ‘‘Johanna”—win¬ 
ner of the 1st prize as milch 
cow at Albany this year— 
was among tbe lot. In 
January, 1879, he visited 
Holland agaiu and selected 
seveuteeu as good animals 
as he could find. Among 
this number was the dam of 
the prize bull at the 
Paris Exposition, said to 
have glveu 95 pounds of milk 
per day; unfortunately this 
cow died the day she ar¬ 
rived in port. Another of 
this lot, “Empress," said to 
have given 108 pounds per 
day was nearly used up by 
the unusually rough pas¬ 
sage. These cattle were se 
lected for their great milkiDg capacity coupled 
with beautiful straight forms, fine bone, good 
size, and for having all the escutcheon that 
could be found with the true milking form. In 
September of the same year. Mr. Miller’s last 
importation, also of 17 head, was selected on 
the same principle. This herd won at onr 
State Fair in Albany this year the large gold 
yield in one day was 50 pounds. In addition 
to her great milking powers, she has a beauti¬ 
ful. Btraigbt, broad back, is deep in the hind¬ 
quarters, light In front and carries an udder, 
perfect in form. 
“Panacea" won 1st prize as a one-year-old, 
a daughter of Billy Boelyn and an animal of 
remarkable form and substance for her age. 
has proved a valuable breeder and imprints 
his form on most of his get, two of which took 
1st prize at this fair. He was calved in 1875. 
“ Empire ” (1st prize bull calf) sired by “ Billy 
Boelyn,” dam “Empress," Is an elegant calf 
resembling both 6ire and dam and Is to be the 
head of the future herd. 
-♦ ♦ » — 
NOTES BY A STOCKMAN. 
1'ANACEA, ONE TEAR OLD.—FROM LIFE.—FIG. 370. 
medal under strong competition. It is the 
third time the herd has been exhibited at the 
State Fair and it has won the herd prize each 
time. 
Nannie Smit" won the 1st prize as a two- 
year-old. She was selected by Mr. Miller from 
the herd of Gerrit Smit. in Holland. She 
dropped her Hist calf last June and produced 
in thirty days 1,293 pounds of milk, the largest 
Her dam “ Pansy ” is a deep milker (having 
giveu over 6 000 pounds of milk as a two-year- 
old) and is now owned by Messrs. Forbes and 
Hall in Colorado. 
“ Billy Boelyn " (2.1 prize bull) iB a very per¬ 
fectly formed bull. He is long, low, straight 
and broad and unusually well filled in all 
points; his stand is perfect, legs strongly set 
wide apart; his weight is 1872 pounds. He 
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HOLSTEIN BULL, 
(Billy Boelyn.)—From Life.—Fig. 877, 
In keeping sheep for profit the great point 
is to secure cheap pasture. Where wool alone 
is the source of income cheap land Is an abso¬ 
lute necessity and the supply of this is rapidly 
diminishing. There are few localities left in 
the United States where land can be procured 
in large tracts for 50 cents to one dollar per 
acre or even less than 50 cents. But such 
tracts can yet be procured in the mountain le¬ 
gions of Southwestern Missouri, West Vir¬ 
ginia and North Carolina where the climate is 
all that can be desired. 
A pastoral life has many attractions for per¬ 
sons of quiet,, easily satisfied dispositions. 
Others had better never contemplate keeping 
sheep, for there can be no success without pa¬ 
tient and persistent “ sticking to it.” There is 
no excitement about the business, but slow 
growth and gradual progress only. Itissome¬ 
what of a “ humdrum ” character year in and 
year out and that suits but few Americans. Bat 
one who begins, cannot leave off without loss ; 
there is nothing to be done bnt to go on and 
work and wait for a few years- Those who 
look for excitement and to make money by the 
jump should avoid sheep keeping. Peculiari¬ 
ties of breed and character are, as one might 
say, “local issues,” These peculiarities are 
formed and fixed by the character and circum¬ 
stances of distinct localities. Thus every dis¬ 
tinct kind of breed of sheep, cattle or horses 
possesses its distinct mark which is often lost 
as soon aB the locality is changed. A notable 
instance is afforded by the Jersey cow which 
in America has lost its oiiginal angularity and 
boniness and has become smooth, fine-boned, 
larger-bodied and of much 
handsomer form. Compare 
old Duchess which was 
owned some years ago by 
Mr. Sharpless of Pa., with 
the modern Filbert or the 
daughters of Alpha and 
Earotas. The climate and 
soil of America have a more 
refiniDg Influence than the 
ocean breezes of Jersey, and 
this breed here becomes su¬ 
perior in every way to the 
old stock from its native 
fields. As Americans use 
the English language with 
greater propriety and ele¬ 
gance than the English 
themselves, so the Eaglish 
cattle are surpassed by their 
descendants of American 
birth. 
With sheep this is still 
more conspicuous, and in¬ 
stead of trying to keep 
sheep up to a sort of cosmo¬ 
politan standard, we sbonld 
strive to procure some good 
local varieties and breed 
these to perfection. Tf En¬ 
gland and its sister provin¬ 
ces of Wales and Scotland 
and Ireland possess twelve 
or fifteen distinct br eds of 
sheep, we might possess 
fifty, dach thriving best in 
its own native place, and in 
time we might become the 
source from which the rest 
of the wortd should procure 
their means of improve¬ 
ment. This should be the 
