274 
^falling for tljc gouitg. 
FALL CREEK AND ITS PAPER MILLS. 
NKTTIB NORTH WOOL). 
I have lived all of my life within twenty miles 
of Fall Creek, and, until last sutnmer, have never 
visited Its falls or paper mills. 
One warm morning in haying time F. came In 
and said that a part of the mowing-machine was 
broken, and us it could not be repaired short of 
the Ithaca manufactory, he must take one of the 
horses and the lightest wagon and start Immedi¬ 
ately. I petitioned to go, bui they were all horrified 
at the thought of my riding forty rnllos In an open 
buggy that warm day. 
Hut after the usual amount of coaxing 1 obtained 
permission, and, alter giving out orders for a pic¬ 
nic dinner, hurriedly dressed and was ready by the 
time that F. drove Up. Mamma came out with a 
lunch neatly packed, and In less than half an hour 
from the time wo decided to go Trotter was whirl¬ 
ing ua over the road at Ids lluest pace. 
our ride was mostly through a thickly settled, 
well cultivated aud beautiful country. We could 
see hills In every direction, one large, though not 
high hill, could be seen several miles distant. At 
(irst It seemed to be before us, but gradually It 
moved to our left and ltnally disappeared. It was 
thickly settled, and Its side was covered with 
Adds of grain, boauUtul meadows aud groves of 
trees, the different shades of which combined to 
make it very beautliul. The farm-houses and 
barns could be distinctly seen. It seemed the 
veritable abode of peace and plenty. 
M e reached l i.Haoa soon after noon, having made 
the twenty miles In three hours and a half. F. 
transacted his business and then drove to the 
falls. The last full Is visible rrom the bridge, and 
while l was admiring it F. saw that Trotter was 
pVoperly cared for, and then we began to climb 
the clilTs 10 obtain a view of the next fall. It is 
more beautiful than pen can describe, foamy and 
fleecy as a bridal veil. I do not know how far tbe 
water falls, but It must bo more than a hundred 
feet, and the river is quite w ide, we soon round 
that clhnblug over the rocks was a laborious task, 
which put a keen edge to our appetites, and ac¬ 
cordingly we decided to eat our lunch at the end 
of the tunnel. 
To reach the tunnel we were obliged to retrace 
our path, go through a large building, up u flight 
of steps, then follow an ascending path a short 
distance, when finally we weie at the mouth of 
the tunnel. 
This tunnel was blasted out or the solid rock, to 
let the water through that supplies the motive 
power for the paper, flouring, and various other 
mills. It Is about twenty feet deep and between 
fifteen and sixteen rids long. There are spoils 
driven the entire leugth, timbers laid across, and 
on them a walk three planks wide. We enter, 
and over our heads and on either side, Is one solid 
mass of rock, Jagged and rougn. in some places 
on the sides were niches large enough for statues. 
Under our feet rau the dark waters, i he tunnel 
Is slightly curved and for a time all la dark ahead, 
but soon a little light appears and grows larger 
until we are at the end. Half way across the 
opening Is a wall or masonry, that rises about lour 
feet above the walk. The other huh or the open¬ 
ing Is filled by the head gate, for this is the begin¬ 
ning of ihe flume. There arc stones projecting 
rrom the wall which answer for stubs, and we 
climb to the top. 
before us lies a large pond. Far up and a little 
to the right. Is another fall, rescind lug a mam¬ 
moth snowbank. Alt around are cliJ-i, more than 
a hundred feet high, rough, rocky, tree-capped 
aud nearly perpendicular. 
The cliffs and the falls are In form of a horse¬ 
shoe, enclosing the pond. The opening la the 
dam. 11 is at our left nearly suml-clrcular In form, 
and, I think, about twelve Wet high. F. tells me 
that It was once a little fall, but art has capped It 
with layers of broad, fiat sioues riveted down with 
iron rods. 
The water was quite low and I walked nearly a 
third of lire way aeioss with as muolr comfort as 
though on a stone pavement. There 1 coufd get a 
fine view Of the falls above the river below, the 
cliffs, and in the dtstauce a glimpse of Cayuga Lake, 
iluuger was forgotten uu ill l espied F. spreading 
the lunch out on the rocks in vian fashion, and I 
felt obliged to go to the rescue. How strange It 
did seem to sit there with that majestic scene, 
God’s own handiwork, before us. Long would we 
have been willing to Unger; but there were so 
many places that we wished to visit, that we were 
obliged to Mini away. 
Just, at. the entrance of thO tunnel, at the left as 
you are going In, la a deep chasm; one side Is 
nearly perpendicular, aud ihe other shelving; by 
giving a little spring from the plank walk we stood 
on the moss covered rocks. 'I he chasm must be 
twelve or hfteen feet long, and by going to the end 
we could see the falls tar below us. After making 
signs on' the rocks, to be recognized If we ever re¬ 
visited the place, we turned, and following the 
footpath commenced climbing the hill above the 
tunnol. It is very steep, and we were obliged to 
catch hold of the bushes and low branches of 
trees, to keep from sliding backwards, but one 
look at the falls rrom Its highest polut was ample 
pay lor the fatigue of climbing. 
While admiring the falls below us, wo could see 
the upper ones so distinctly and It seemed so near 
that we resolved to visit It. Boon we went over 
Jogs and rocks, through brushes and grass, until 
we could hear the roar distinctly, and soon we 
reached the edge of the cliff where an open view 
was afforded. The falls were slill far up, but in¬ 
stead of one we could now see three tails, one 
beyond the other, making four In all. There may 
be more, hut we were too tired to explore farther. 
After resting a short time, and gathering a few 
mementos, we turned back, carrying with us a 
grand picture to hang on “ Memory’s wall.” 
On reaching our starting place we found 
that we had another hour, and concluded that 
the mo3t profitable way or spending It would 
be to visit the paper mills. Descending a short 
flight of Bteps we entered an upper room of the 
brown paper mill. It Isa storage room containing 
enormous piles of rags in brown c&nvas sacks. 1 
will not mention the rooms in the order we visited 
them, but will tell, as nearly as I could discover, 
the course the rags take from the time they enter 
the mill in rag-hags uut.ll, In the form of neat pack¬ 
ages of paper, they leave to visit the world. 
Several women and girls are employed in picking 
over rags. Before eaoh Is a table frame covered 
with wire cloth ; on this tho rags are piled, and a3 
they are shaken, cut and sorted to make the 
various grades of paper, the dust and lint fall Into 
a large woodeD box underneath. The coarse, 
colored rags are sent to another mill to make 
brown paper. 
When thus picked over they are ground in a 
mill, then placed In a huge, revolvlog cylinder 
where they are thoroughly steamed and cleansed’ 
wlih acid, TUpy are next placed In a beating 
engine—a vat with straight sides and circular ends 
lined with lead. Near one end is a partition, and 
on one side of the partition is a large, octagonal 
wheel which rubs the rags as they pass under. 
On the other side Is a wheel studded with cutters 
which revolves above a block also tilled with 
cutters. The vat is filled with water and the 
machinery set In motion; and the rags pass round 
and round, alternately under the wheel and be¬ 
tween the cutters until they are reduced to a 
pulp. The rags for the lluer quality of paper pass 
through two or three of these engi ues 
Fusing on, we enter one of the rolling rooms. 
The rollers are about eight feet In length, and are 
alternately une, aud two feet In diameter; they 
are In tiers nearly as high as one’s head and sev¬ 
eral feet long. There are two sets, one beyond the 
the other; the first Is covered with felt bands 
nearly as w ide as the rollers. 
At the end of the room is a shallow vat from 
which a continuous stream of Quid pulp Is ruunlng 
upon tho moving felt band that covers the rollers ; 
it Immediately passes under two or three rollers, 
and In a moment the water la all squeezed out 
leaving a thin paste on the baud. It passes up 
and down, over aud undur heated rollers, and 
comes out at the end, and without the band passes 
to the next set of rollers where It Is dried and 
polished and at the end comes out cic Into 
sheets of paper. Two ladles one on each sides 
lay it smoothly as it tails, throwing away the 
damaged Bheeta. As soon as the piles are high 
enough they are carried Into another room, sorted, 
counted, aud tied up Into packages ready for 
market. We visited the other roiling rooms but 
the different grades of paper appear to be rolled 
out in the same manner. 
We reached home late In the evening, tired from 
the day’s exertions. Though 1, lor two or three 
days felt tired and lame lrom my long ride and 
cliff climbing, still I lelt well paid, and tnink 1 
shall never see a bit of paper without recalling its 
history. 
- ■*■*■+ - . 
LETTERS FROM THE COUSINS. 
Dkah Uncle Mark:—I received my seed; there 
were six kinds, four kinds of flower seeds and two 
of vegetables, I am very much pleased with them, 
and 1 hope 1 will have better success with them 
this year than last year. 1 tried hard enough then, 
but grubs, bugs and chickens had more time than 
I, they worked while 1 was at school, and did not 
stop to sleep tughls, I guess. I’ve been coaxing 
my cousin to Join the club, but he hates to write 
so badly, lie Is very much interested In the letters 
or the cousins. I gave film some of my radish 
seeds last year, and he raised some very nice ones. 
1 think his did better than mine. I might send on 
his name, ir It would do for me to offer It, but I’ll 
not promise to report for him every time, so I guess 
he will have to watt until he is willing to write for 
himself. My brother fenced off a piece of fiend for 
a berry garden last fall, and set out strawberries 
and blackcaps, ho has but two of red raspberries, 
ana they are the Cutfibert that he received from 
the Rural. He Intends to keep setting out till he 
lias the garden full. We have beautiful cherries, 
pears, plums, peaches and apples, in the time tor 
them. With many thanks lor the seeds, 1 remain 
your loving niece, Bertha 11. 
West Town, N. Y. 
Dkau Uncle Mark Although I was kept pret¬ 
ty busy with other things last year, I found a 
little spare time occasionally to work in the gar- 
aen. The radishes which you sent me were ex¬ 
cellent and I saved some seed for this year. 
The dwarf corn came loo late to ripen, 
but I did not plant It all, so there will 
be enough left for another trial. Only one of 
the grape seeds came up. 11 has been In the house 
all winter but Is so sickly that It will undoubtedly 
die. 1 received a package of seeds lrom you a 
short, Mine ago, for which please accept my thanks. 
Some of the young lady cousins seem determined 
to start up a row la the family. 1 think they had 
belter flourish the mop and dish-rag Instead of a 
quarrelsome pen. From the way (hat. the daught¬ 
ers of Eve are gaining power It seems highly prob¬ 
able that they will yet bring destruction upon us 
poor, helpless fellows. 
West Salem, Wis. Fbaobarlk bob. 
Dear Uncle Mare:— lam a boy eleven years 
old and a reader of your valuable paper, and read 
the letters in tho Yuutfi's Department,. 1 thought 
1 would write and tell you what 1 captured. 
While out hauling stone the other day, we came 
to a hole In the ground and looking In 1 discovered 
a large woodchuck. The freezing and thawing 
of the wlu ter had caused the ground to cave In. 
My older brother reached In and pulled the wood¬ 
chuck out. Do had not awakened yet and was 
cold and almost motionless. I took him In my arms 
snd carried him home and put him in a box. Here 
he woke up In about an hour, and was as spry as 
In the summer; but be was too wide awake for 
me; after a while he raised the Ud and was again 
free. John W, Hess. 
Indiana Co., Pa. 
(t|f Dujjlrt. 
HIDDEN ARTICLES UF FOOD. 
1. So Upham has failed. 
2. llow stiff ishmael is. 
a. What rag Amelia has. 
4. Leave me at my aunt’s, 
c. Universal adamant. 
(>. Chugra Vyands of S. A. 
7. In risa Ucenta ion us. 
8. Throw that mg out or the wludow. 
9. Notice Eric how Derby trots. 
10 . “ Nlcod F, lsli ball-crazy.” 
i 1. Yea, Bat! Mag undid it. 
12 . sal, l^e, Unnleand I. 
is. Go to a store. 
14. Homo, let us go. 
15. Bob, u convict Is here. 
H>. So use makes custom. 
17. Isa, usage sanctions us. 
13. Let Dick, etch up stairs' 
19. What ripe apples. 
20. lot mo ring, Una. 
21 . You must dump Llugen. 
22 . General Custar died a hero. 
23. climb Mont Blanc, man. Gerty will go also. 
24. Sam pay your debt. 
26 . come Geb lets go back. 
Answer Ln two weeks. Litti.e one. 
--♦♦♦- 
HALF SQUARE. 
1. A Malabar trading boat. 
2 . Tho chrysalis of an Insect. 
3 . The tails of birds. 
4. A disease ln hawks. 
6. A town ln France. 
0, A prefix. 
7. A river of Europe, 
s. A letter. 
Waterloo, Ind. “Gus.” 
Mr* Answer in two weeks. 
•-*♦♦- 
A PYRAMID PUZZLE. 
A consonant; likewise; the noise of a sheep; to 
respire. Centrals form an Insect. 
Answer In two weeks. l. o. 
SQUARE WORD. 
A poet. An herb. To revolve. A small vale. 
MV Answer ln two weeks. l. o. 
- +-*-+ - 
PUZZLER ANSWERS.—April 3. 
Hidden Household Articl es.— 1. Stove; 2. needle; 
3- brush; 4. table; 5. oven; ti. plate. 
Rhomboid 
A R I S T A 
A It F E N T 
E A R 1, A F 
T R APES 
A C E R I C 
ERASED 
Square Word 
NAG 
ANN 
ONE 
Ami. Poincklot: The greatest merit of 
many husbands is their wives. . . Rocrk- 
buitn ; When you talk to women, you must 
choose between lying and dlgpleasiritr them. 
There is no middle course, unless you say 
nothing. . . Ninon iuc L’Encj.os: Women 
detest a jealous man whom they do not hive, but 
it augers them when a umu whom they do Jove 
is not jealous. . . “Turnips,' says Mr. 
Harris, “may be divided into two distinct 
classes. We may designate them us early and 
late. In England the first class is called ‘ com¬ 
mon turnips" and tbe latter 1 Bwcdo turnips.’ 
With us, the Swede turnips are called Ruta¬ 
bagas." . . For sum mar use select a piece 
of rich, mellow, well-drained, but moist soil. 
Sow on it two pounds of enperphosphate to the 
Equarc iod aud drill in the seed in rows fifteen 
inches apart and four or live seeds to Ihe inch. 
It is necessary to sow very thick on account of 
the ravages of tho black beetle or “ turnip fly.” 
Thick sowing and the use of superphosphate are 
the best remedies for this poet. . . When the 
plants get into the rough leaf, the danger lrom 
the beetle is about over. Then thin out tbe 
plantB with a hoc, leaving only cue plant in a 
place seven or eight iuchcs apart. Iioe ire- 
quently and keep out the weeds, and that is all 
that is necessary to insure a crop, . . Mr. 
T. Blake reminds Englishmen that the men 
who fight the wars are not the men who make 
tbe quarrels. If those who make tbe quarrels 
were but to fight them out themselves, we 
Bhould have, ho thinks, but few wars. Every¬ 
thing that adds to the wur spirit of 
the country — as their immense outlay in 
armaments does — is a natioual curse. . . 
A movement for organizing a school of in¬ 
struction in silk culture for ladies has been 
started in Philadelphia. . . Mr. Dodge will 
show in his farm story for the Rural, how a 
woman can be a help to a man In his achieve¬ 
ment of success, without tbe necessity of 
making a mere drudge of herself. . . All 
things considered, what is the best Currant? 
Ouranswer would bothe old KedDuteb. . . 
By actual weight and measurement,, Mr. Barry 
has found the Waterloo peach to exceed in 
size all the very early peaches which he has 
tested. . . The editor of the Germantown 
Telegraph has a number of dwarf pear trees 
now bearing full crops annually, that he plant¬ 
ed 32 years ago, and lie sees no reason why 
they should not coutluue to live ind bear at 
least ten years louger. . . The New York 
Times makes the considerable mistake of 
recommending tbe Tom Thumb as tbe best 
early pea. . . Ab, it is a sweet thing to get 
close to a trusting, loving heart! But oh, it 
is au awful thing to get there and then betray 
it! . . “ If I were blessed with daughters," 
says a writer in London Truth, “I should seek 
out.au Irish nuisefor them, and insist upon 
her smoking every day in the nursery a certaiu 
amount of the strongest tobacco from a short 
clay pipe, la after years, my daughters would 
not render themselves objectionable to the 
male sex in general, and their father in par¬ 
ticular, by declaring that they could not en¬ 
dure tbe odor of a cigar or a cigarette." . . 
It may uot be so iu the pluuet Jupiter, but on 
this little earth it is easier for a rich man who 
has all the vices of the calendar to get a beau¬ 
tiful wife, .supplemented after a few years of 
mutual misery by a divorce, than for a poor 
man who has all the virtues ever dreamed of 
to get married at all. . . Tho Gardeners' 
Chronicle, we are glad to see, makes liberal 
extracts from Mr. II. B. Elhvauger’s interest¬ 
ing address on American Rosea. . . Let us 
have peas. . . April 12. Freezing weather 
is reported from the mountains of Western 
North Carolina. . . Mr. Warner says that 
he likes neighbors and he likes chickens, but 
he does not think they ought to be united near 
a garden. “ Even if the hens did i ot scratch 
up the corn aud peck the strawberries aud cat 
the tomatoes, it is not pleasant to see them 
straddling about in their jerky, high-stepping, 
speculative manner, pecking inquisitively here 
and there." . . It is of no use to tell the 
neighbor that his hens eat your tomatoes; 
it makes no impression upon him, for the 
tomatoes are uot his. Tile best way is to 
casually remark to him that ho has a fine lot 
of chiekous and that you like them broiled. 
Then lie wiil take them away. . . Press the 
soil firmly about transplanted trees. It is 
better to ram tbe soil over the roots than to 
leave it loose. Do not plant trees or shrubs or 
plants of any kind deep. The roots should be 
as near the surface as is consistent with their 
beiug penuuucutly covered with soil. . . It ap¬ 
pears that English nurserymen are cultivating 
oui Poison Ivv or Oak (Rhus Toxicodendron) 
under the name of AmpolopBia Japouica. . . 
The interesting series of essays upon small 
fruits by E P. lloe, beautifully illustrated and 
published iu Scribner, are—Mr. Roe informs 
us-rto be priUted iu book form with all of tbe 
Illustrations and double the atnouut ot reading 
matter. . . One man living iu Kingston. N. 
Y, (says the N. Y. Tribune), who had lost three 
children suddenly, sent a sample of his well 
water to a chemist, who found in it “a large 
percentage of poison,” the “j uiee of manure fil- 
teredthroughthcsoil." . . Mr. Warner also says 
that the neighbors’ small children as well as 
neighbors’ chickens, are out of place iu your 
garden, in strawberry and currant time. “I hope 
1 appreciate the value of children” he says. 
“We should soon come to nothing without 
them, though the shakers have the best gardens 
iu the workl(!). But the problem is what to 
do with them in a garden. For they are not 
good to eat aud there is a law against making 
away with them. The law is not very well 
enforced it is true; for people do thin them 
out with constant dosing, paregoric and sooth¬ 
ing-sirup and scauty clothing. . . My plan 
would be to put them (the children) into Sun¬ 
day schools more tliorougoly, and to give the 
Sunday schools an agricultural turn—teaching 
the children the sacreduess of neighbors’ vege¬ 
tables." . . Mr. Warner thinks that our 
Suuday schools do not sutliceully impress upon 
children tbe danger from snakes aud other¬ 
wise of going into the neighbors’ gardens. . . 
We should be pleased to learu at what time 
Moore's Early Grape ripens in different parts 
of the country where it lias been tested. . . 
Mr. Bateham'sobservation lead him to believe 
that grupo-rot is not the result of diseased or 
weakened vines, but of peculiar bygrometri- 
cal aud thermal conditions which uct upon 
vegetable tissues. Mr. Meehan believes Mr. 
Bateham to be wholly correct. . . The Win¬ 
ter Nells is said sometimes to weigh half a 
pound in California when raised upon (Juiuee 
took. . . Mr. Huosmun, writing for the 
ural World, speaks of a visit to the vine¬ 
yard of Mr. Ricketts. He expected to find 
that the vines were pumpered aud petted, 
but found the reverse. They were poorly 
cultivated, pruned long, aud usually bore au 
excessive crop etc. . . 
