THE KMBAL NEW-YORKER. 
JULY 31 
animal and prevent his drawing true. I have 
been troubled in this way every Spring, not¬ 
withstanding every pains taken to have well- 
fitting collars and hames. to wash the shoul¬ 
ders after work and to keep the collars cleau 
and soft. This Spring I have tried a plan that 
works like a charm, so that gnll6 previously 
made healed up quickly while the team was 
at work. This consists of two pieces of smooth 
calf-skin cut to the form of the collar but 
larger, and caught by a few stiicbes on each 
side, top and bottom, so as to lie smoothly 
upon the shoulders under the collar. These 
pieces take all the friction, the collar moving 
upon the calf skin, instead of the horse's skin, 
which is relieved from all cause, of abras.on. 
Each piece is cut as in 
tig. 214: and is fastened 
into the collar with the 
flesh side of the leather 
inside (next the horse). 
Of course, in cutting 
from a pattern it must 
be reversed for the op¬ 
posite side. It should 
just come up through 
the collar so as to show 
in front, and the free 
edge should show two 
inches over the shoulder behind the collar. 
Figure 243 shows it as applied on the horse. 
T. H. H. 
fttif iHimiarfi, 
THE EUMELAN GRAPE. 
It occurred to me that the experience of a 
fruit-giower in the Province of Quebec with 
regard to this grape, might be of value. The 
vine came in good order, was planted and treat¬ 
ed in the 6ame way as the Concord, aDd still 
remains in its place, thick-stemmed, healthy, 
free from mildew when ‘•Hartfords” beside it 
are destroyed, and it bears haudsome bunches 
of evenly ripened berries, two weeks before 
the Concoid is eatable. Since fruiting, which 
was six years ago, it has borne good crops, 
those of the last three years befog particularly 
heavy. It deserves every good won! lavished 
upon it as regards quality, being so delicate, 
rich and vinous as to be mistaken for a hot¬ 
house grape by those who do not know it 
well. We have no fault to find with this 
grape, especially as we tried it the same as 
the Concord in every respect; but the trouble 
is, we cannot propagate from it. For years 
the cuttings had been saved, as are those of 
our other grapes; the same treatment in every 
way i6 given them, and yet we are not success¬ 
ful in raising young vines. This is the only 
fault we liud with the Enmelan, and I wiite 
this article in the hope that some one may 
be able to advise us on that, to us, imnortan 
subject. Annie L. Jack. 
--»-«-■»- 
The Eumelan Grape. —I cannot recommend 
the Enmelan grape except for its sweetness. 
It is the sweetestgrape which I ever raised and 
the poorest bearer. For live bearing years my 
two vines have never borne a cluster, only here 
and there a bunch of less than half a dozen 
grapes. We have waited patiently, hoping 
that when the vines got older they would do 
better. Last year the little bunches approach¬ 
ed the nearest to clusters, and maybe they will 
continue to grow in size and number until we 
shall get a reward for our forbearance. 
f. d. c. 
$ ontological, 
MINER PLUM. 
1 send you by mail specimens of the Miner 
plum, which seems to be worthy of some no¬ 
tice. We have only one little tree, with a boll 
about two and one-half feet high, supporting 
a symmetrical head some ten feet iu diameter, 
loaded with fruit. The curculir. has done his 
best to cheat us of our share, but these plums 
come out ahead this year for the third time. 
Some of them were stung iu a dozen places, 
yet all that ripen are sound and free of worms. 
As yon will notice, the fruit is not exactly No. 
1; still it is much to be preferred to notbir g. 
Not only fer its fruit is the Miner worthy 
of cultivation, but for ornament as well. 
Three times a year (April 1, when crowned 
with its clusters of white flowers; June 15, 
when its bright-red, almost scarlet fruit con¬ 
trasts with the bright-green leaves, and again 
late in Summer when the foliage has assumed 
a pleasing tint of purple) it will compare fa¬ 
vorably with many shrubs and small trees 
grown for ornament only. M. B. Prince. 
Warren Co., N. C. 
[The Miner is an improved variety of the 
Chickasaw plum, of medium size, ovate, juicy, 
adhering to the stone; excellent for culinary 
purposes. The plums were received in good 
order- Thanks.— Eds.] 
.Scientific auir Isrfut. 
CONNECTICUT AGRICULTURAL EXPERI¬ 
MENT STATION. 
Bulletin No. 46—July 15,1880. 
fertilizer analyses. 
430. Blood guano, made by Manhattan Fer¬ 
tilizer Co., Black Rock, Conn. Sold by R. I. 
Homes. Plainville. Sampled and sent May 19 
by J. W. Hemingway. 
435. Slockbridgc manure for tobacco, made 
by W. II. Bowker <fc Co. Sold by J. M. Beiden, 
New Britain. 
437. Soluble Pacific guano, made by Pacific 
Guano Co. Sold by J. M. Belden, New Britain. 
455. E. F. Coe’s superphosphate, Fold, sam¬ 
pled and sent by Buck & Durkee. Willimantic. 
450 Russel Coe’s superphosphate, sold, sam¬ 
pled and sent by Buck & Durkee, Willimantic. 
457. Sulphate of potaph, Mapes’s Braueh, 
Hartford. Sampled and sent by Ii, V. Pinney, 
8u flldd. 
iO 
o 
O >T3 p w ® 5( SS 
E 2. E ® | s s 
S 8 S. <? §■ S S 
S ? & J ■ S 8 
Price per 100 pounds x 20. 
S. W. Johnson, Director. 
Ulistrllanrons. 
NOTES FROM MEADOW GLEN FARM. 
Summer Management of Sheep. 
We did not turn our sheep out to pasture 
until the grass was well started, and even 
then we brought them in at night and fed them 
grain and hay for at least a week. It would 
be well if the buyers of wool would be content 
to throw ofi less than one-tbird of the weight 
of the wool because it is unwashed; then farm¬ 
ers might be less willing to subject their sheep 
to the worry aud fright of washing. 
This I consider a risky way of cleansing 
wool, but if it is necessary a warm day should 
be selected aud care taken not to over-drive the 
sheep so as to heat them, and they should be 
handled with care, especially breeding ewes. 
When washed, they should be turned on an 
upland pasture to dry, and I usually allow one 
week to pass after washing before shearing, to 
allow the fleece to become yolky. The shear¬ 
ing should be done after all danger of cold and 
frost is past, and if a storm should come on 
they should he sheltered from it. The feet of 
the sheep should be examined, and if any signs 
of foot-rot are seen the diseased part should 
be cut away and spirits of turpentine applied 
freely, and in flne-wooled sheep it is often 
necessary to pare off the hoofs. The lambB 
should be weaned at the age of three and a 
half or four months. A good way of doing 
this is to stable them and feed them cut clover 
aDd plenty of water, for then they become 
tame—a great advantage. The ewes should 
be put in a dry pasture to dry up their milk, 
and it might be necessary to draw the milk a 
few times from the best milkers. After tls 
is done, they should be given the best of pas¬ 
ture to fit them for Winter and mating for 
another year. 
Improvements. 
Many faimers are contented to live and leave 
their farms as they found them, if not in a 
worse condition. To such I would say :—"Im¬ 
prove your farms; improve your stock by 
using thoroughbred males; improve the fer¬ 
tility of your soil by using manures, both 
artificial and home made, and thorough tillage, 
and improve your feuces by renewing the old, 
tumbled-down things and putting up good ones 
instead. In some cases it is best to remove 
thefenceB altogether and turn several small 
fields into one. which can be much more con¬ 
veniently cultivated or mowed. What is more 
provoking than mowing around fences ! Set 
out trees on your farms, Loth fruit and orna¬ 
mental ; some one will bless you for it." 
This farm contains about 100 acres, aDd is 
situated on the Bouth Bide of the pnblic high¬ 
way. The buildings are located about in the 
center east and west. About one quarter of the 
land, in the southeast corner of the farm, is uat- 
ural meadow. In the southwest corner is a 
permanent pasture. When I came into pos¬ 
session of the place the lane leading to the 
pasture was nearly impassable for man or 
beast. When I plowed a field or bnilt a wall 
and found a load of stones. I threw them into 
the lane, and now it is filled nearly the whole 
way and makes a permanent road. But the 
puzzle was where to get the gravel for a cov¬ 
ering, as either side was mucky. Now there 
was a hill on the road near-by, so I conceived 
the idea of getting the gravel there. Arrange¬ 
ments were made with the road-master; the 
work has been done at Intervals and the road 
is nearly covered. Over 500 two-horse wagon¬ 
loads of culled Btoues have thus been disposed 
of Instead of being left along the wall or in the 
way anywhere; the hill, too, has been lowered 
abont two feet, which is a pnblic benefit, while 
there is now a permanent road leading to the 
meadow and pasture. Abel HorT. 
--- 
"DRYING AND EVAPORATING FRUIT. 
We have had so many Inquiries of late in 
regard to evaporated fruit—the process, ex¬ 
pense and profits of the manufacture—that we 
are convinced this business, now so imperfect¬ 
ly undei stood and practiced, will soon, with 
greater knowledge of its advantage, be re¬ 
cognized as one of the most important indus¬ 
tries by fruit growers everywhere. Already 
its recognition as a legitimate farm industry 
has made considerable progress and so soon as 
the fruit-growing public realize the simplicity 
of the process, the small expense of the neces¬ 
sary appliances and the wide difference be¬ 
tween the cost of tbe evaporated frnit and its 
actual market value, ihe business we feel 
assured will increase very rapidly. 
In properly evaporated frnit not only is 
there no loss in any good quality, but there 
is an actual development of sugar due to 
the ripening process, varyiug from five to 
twenty-five pci cent. The cell structure, flavor 
and tenderness of the fruit are preserved, and 
when treated with water, it is easily restored 
to ile former condition, thus solving a problem 
no less important than the supply of whole¬ 
some, nutritious, fresh, ripe fruit—for by this 
process decay is arrested—for all seasons and 
all sections. 
There are three kinds of fruit driers, two of 
which are suitable for drying fruit iu large 
quantities, and are usually owned by companies 
that contract for the surplus product of the 
neighborhood in which they do business. 
These machines, however, are unsuitable for 
6mall operations as the amount of work to be 
done would not justify the outlay for motive 
power to secure the necessary circulation of 
hot air, and without this they would offer no 
particular advantage over the old-fashioned dry¬ 
ing-house. For a portable machine well fitted 
for the evaporation of a moderate quantity 
of fruit we have been very favorably impressed 
with ihe merits of the Inclined Flue Pneu¬ 
matic Evaporator, which has been specially 
constructed to meet the wanLs of farmers and 
orebardiats. Various sizes are made with ca¬ 
pacities of from five to fifty bushels of fruit 
per day, and costing from $50 to $200. The 
cost of fruit evaporated by this device per 
pound to the producer is claimed to be even 
less than that of the better grades of sun-dried 
fruit, when time, labor and quantity are taken 
into account, and its market value for years 
has been from 100 to 200 per cent. In favor 
of the evaporated article. In view of the very 
promising fruit crops almost everywhere re¬ 
ported, our farming community should inves¬ 
tigate this matter closely. 
--- 
A Novel Dee-boune. 
On a recent viBit to Newburgh I diopped In 
to 6ee Mr. Clark and his bees, and was greatly 
pleased with his way of managing the bee bus¬ 
iness. On the rear of his well-kept grounds is 
a two-story building used as a tool-shop and 
bee-house. There is a place for everything. 
The second Btory is the bee-house. The hives 
or boxes are placed close against the sides, 
which are pierced with holes for the entrance 
and exit of the bees. They can enter the boxes 
but not the room. The hives are boxes of his 
own fashioning, which can be taken away in 
sections at pleasure. The ODly thing that 
looked like au ordiuary hive was a box which 
Mr. Clark uses to drive the bees into while he 
removes the honey, or secures a queen, or de¬ 
stroys the moth, etc. All this is done In the 
room. Mr. C. informed me that his bees bad 
not swarmed in five years. But it would take 
a good many “ Jottings” to tell about all the 
interesting and instructive things I saw iu this 
model bee-house. I 3aw here, besides, an ap¬ 
ple tree grafted with upward of one hundred 
and thirty varieties of apples, all carefally 
labeled. Peter B. Mead. 
- 
Wide Tires — Wide tire i are certainly much 
better than narrow ones, and it seems sliaDgc 
to me why farmers do not demand them and 
thus cause wagou manufacturers to build their 
wagon wheels with rims three and a half or 
four inches wide. Narrow wheels eat up the 
fields much more than wide ones and, of 
course, the strain upon the team is much 
greater. The wheels of ox-carts of the East¬ 
ern States are always made with wide tires, 
and I claim that all farm wagons should 
have them. What firm will be first to make 
the change in their wagons from narrow to 
wide tires. ? f. h. d. 
---- 
BRIEFLET8. 
Thus speaks In an essay (Woman in Horti¬ 
culture) our respected friend Mr. Samuel B. Par¬ 
sons: "The true, the well-balanced, the per¬ 
fect woman is an embodiment of taste and skill 
and culture, with the addition of those other 
graces of mind aud sentiment and form which 
influence fathers, husbands and brothers. 
This influence is potent, and every true man, 
loving some trne woman, delights in nothing 
so much as the gratification of her wishes." . . 
. . . Farmer Mechi writes to the London pa¬ 
pers under date of July 1st: "In fact, so far 
the present season is all we could desire and a 
complete contrast with melancholy 1879. . . . 
. . The Western Rural says that tbe merits of 
the Gregg raspberry have never been exagger¬ 
ated .A very good method, it seems, for 
such seedsmen, small-fruit dealers, etc., as are 
willing to do business in that wav, is to “ de¬ 
liver ” addresses at horticultural meetings and 
then, with a request to publish, seud copies 
thereof to the press of the country. The press 
is very obliging and generally publishes these 
addresses without charge.The edito¬ 
rial of the Rural New-Yorker * How to Buy 
a Horse" is still going the rounds. It has 
beeu credited to as many as six different jour¬ 
nals. Tbe Independent of last week credits it 
to the New England Farmer.Tbe Ohio 
Farmer says that W. I. Chamberlain carries a 
solid, practical head on his shoulders, and that 
his work in the Secretary’s office (Ohio State 
Board of Agriculture) will soou prove it. . . . 
. . Dr. Tanner does not think there is much 
glory in being considered the fastest man iu 
the world.Dr. Tanner says that he 
got so much digU9ted that he almost swore 
that lie would never call himself a physician 
again until he learned something as to the na¬ 
ture of life. He is not satisfied with the sys¬ 
tem on which our medical education is based. 
.Again he remarked to a friend: "I 
have got disgusted with physicans, and partic¬ 
ularly witn the regular school.” If we were 
not afraid of offending several thousand M. 
D,’s among our subscribers, we should like to 
say how much we share Dr. Tauuer's feel¬ 
ings.Mr. Irving D. Cook recommends 
in the N. Y. Tribune a wet cellar for keep- 
ing apples and mentions a forcible test iu 
proof of his recommendations. 
Remove suckers f.om fruit trees. 
Piuch out every lateral bud that starts iu the 
axils of the leaves of recently planted grape¬ 
vines. One cane alone ehould be permitted to 
grow.La Rochefoucauld said : In love, 
the old fools are greater fools than the young 
ones.Bussy Bobler tells it in a differ¬ 
ent way: Love like the small-pox, is most 
dangerous when it comes late.Beau- 
eheuesays: Vice alters the countenance of man 
and quickly destroys the beauty of woman. . 
.... If at all. let us have the International 
Exhibition of 1883 the grandest affair that the 
world has ever dreamed of.It Is 
strange that in face of the known fact that 
there are more cases of real bydropbobiain the 
Spring—yes, even in Winter—than in Summer, 
that the regular Summer erazo should still 
run as high as ever. Fits, in 19 cases out of 20, 
are what give rise to this senseless excitement. 
.The Miller’s committee venture to 
select the following varieties of wheat as best 
for milling purposes : Lougberry Amber, Lan¬ 
caster, Indiana Red, Alabama, Orange, Velvet 
Chaff, Tappahanock and Jennings. They 
condemn, as they always have, both Ciawsou 
and Fultz, the most popular farmers’ sorts 
that are at present known in opr country. . . . 
. . W. I. Chamberlain writes us from ** On 
the cars near St. Louis”: "I spent a day or 
two of pleasaut tiavel with B. F. J., of Charn- 
pa'gn Co. Ill., who I see is now one of your con¬ 
tributors.Our respected contemporary, 
the Evening Post, writes forcibly of the im¬ 
portance of trees in the streets of New York 
and generally of large cities. ** The truth is 
that all animals, man included, need shade. It 
should be feasible, too, in towns to promote 
health, in a direct manner, as well as comfort, 
by the wise selection and distribution of trees. 
If this or that species harbors objectionable 
insects, it can be eschewed ; there are plenty 
to select from without it. The Eucalyptus is 
said to be a safeguard against malaria; aud in 
that case parts of Manhattan which are noto¬ 
riously infested by malarious disease, might be 
fringed with th'iB tree to infinite advantage.” 
But our friend, the Evening Post, overlooks 
an Important fact. The first frost would kill 
the Eucalyptus. How about the "fringe” 
then I .... . Almanacs would be worth 
more tbau three ceuts apiece if some of the 
heat of June, July and August wits taken off 
and distributed through the cold mouths of 
December, January aud February, when it is 
more needed. These hints are thrown out 
