fttiruskial ^onrtifs, 
NEW YORK STATE FAIR. 
(Special Correspondence.) 
The Fortieth Annual Meeting of the New 
York State Agricultural Society opened Mon¬ 
day morning, Sept. 13. under rather unfavor¬ 
able circuin'tanccs. The sky at early morning 
was over-cast with heavy clouds, and at 11 
a. m. a heavy rain set in which lasted far into 
the night, and up to the present willing (Wed¬ 
nesday) the sun has not been seen, and show¬ 
ers, cold and drizzling rains, mud and dreary 
dismal weather have been the order of the 
day. The committees have been very much 
hindered iu their work, and it was late on 
Tuesday before any arrangements were per¬ 
fected that tended to make any show toward a 
settled condition ol affairs. General Superin¬ 
tendent Bowen, who has filled the position he 
now occupies for the past fifteen years, has been 
very busy locating exhibitors and giving di¬ 
rections satisfactorily and with his usual skill. 
Aud while this is true of one of the committees 
it is equally true of all others. The several 
departments are all iu competent hands, and 
with a Tew exceptions, the exhibitors are all 
satisfied with every thing except the weather. 
In point of exhibits this fair, taken as a 
whole, has a fuller display in all classes thin 
•any heretofore held. The flower aud fiuit class 
is the only one that looks deficient. Four years 
ago when the fair was held iu Rochester, this 
department was well represented, and the 
exhibits were very fine, bat we have not 
seen so full aud varied a collection 
at any of the fairs since. A stroll amoug 
the cattle exhibitors 6hows as fine and 
varied an exhibit of thorough-bred cattle as 
was ever brought together. In this particular 
class no better or more valuable animals have 
ever been shown in this Stale. The exhibits 
show 35 head of Short-horns, 71 Devons, Si) 
Herefords. 91 Ayrshires, 56 Holsteius, 84 Jer¬ 
seys and 25 Guernseys. The representatives 
of eacQ one of these breeds are the finest stock, 
and come from the herds of our largest and 
best importers. Tne show of swine is not so 
large as last year; only 130 entries have been 
made, and these are principally Esscxes, Berk- 
shires, Cheshires, Yorkshires, Polaud-Chinas, 
Doubtless many of the breeders of swine and 
sheep are wailing to make their exhibits at 
the International Show in Philadelphia next 
week. Sure it is that tbe show here in those 
two classes is hardly an average one. 
The horse department presents some very 
fine e ntries, and the list comprises some of the 
best horses in the country. The Clydesdales 
aud Peiehcrons are particularly fine and 
noticeable, and are from the stables of our 
largest importers. We are glad to see so 
many ol our farmer friends interested iu draft 
horses, aud those who have exhibited such fine 
specimens will doubtless receive many bene¬ 
fits from it aside from the coveted premiums 
iu which all cannot share. 
The poultry hall is very nicely arranged; 
the ground is covered daily wiih clean, nice 
shavings which present a cleanly aud attrac¬ 
tive aiipearance. Some very fine birds are 
shown. The entries comprise Light aud Dark 
Brahmas. Buff Cochins, Partridge aud Grouse 
Cochins, White and Black Cochins, Dorkings. 
Dominiques, Plymouth Rocks. Hamburghs. 
Spanish, Leghorns, Houdans, Bantams, etc. 
Taken altogether, the show of birds is a very 
commendable one. 
On Thursday and Friday sunshine—all the 
more welcome after the preceding three days 
of gloom and rain—gladdened tbe exhibitors 
aud officers and shortened their long faces 
with broad smiles, which grow more beaming 
and hilarious as the public kept pouring in 
Irom all directions. The attendance on these 
two days was exceedingly encouraging to the 
officers of tbe fair. Tbe gate receipts hardly 
fell short of $17 000, which will prevent the 
Society from suffering loss by the exhibition. 
On Thursday the receipts exceeded those on 
any single day at any fair held under the aus¬ 
pices of the Association since its inauguration, 
a moderate estimate placing the number of 
visitors on the grounds at 25,000. 
The agricultural implement manufacturers 
are nearly all represented and the variety and 
perfection of their goods are an important 
feature of the exhibition. It is not a little sur¬ 
prising to note the many advances that have 
been made during the past ten years amoug 
this class of manufacturers. The old-time 
drudgery of farm work is almost entirely done 
away with, and implements of all kinds take 
the place of manual labor. Here are machines 
for preparing the 6oil, for sowing the grain, 
for cutting and binding it; horse forks for 
handling it, and machines for thrashing and 
bagging it. Here, too, are corn planters to 
plant the corn, cultivators for hoeing it, and 
buskers and shellers to prepare it for the mar¬ 
ket; besides potato-diggers, manure-spreaders, 
bean-pullers, brick and tile machines, etc., etc, 
We give below a brief description of some 
of the most useful and practical machines on 
exhibition at this fair. 
We notice first a fine display of Win. Anson 
Wood’s harvesting machines, consisting of two 
reapers and four mowers finished in a most 
artistic and tasteful manner. Of these ma¬ 
chines their new inclosed gear mower and No. 
3 sweep rake reaper attracted large crowds of 
people who interest themselves in this class of 
machines. This mower possesses many new 
and valuable improvements, worthy of notice, 
The new tilling device for tilLing the points of 
the guards, excels iu simplicity, and proves 
a valuable addition to the machine. By a 
very simple and easily operated device the 
guards can be thrown downward, so that in 
badly lodged grass, the bar catches it all up, 
aud avoids clogging or running over and leav¬ 
ing the grass uncut. The ecceutric for throwing 
in and out of gear is a very ingenious device 
patented by Mr. Wood, which avoids all lost 
motion iu stopping aud starting the machine 
in the grass—a very important factor in the 
working of any machine The pitman-pro¬ 
tector and eouueetiou are of a very strong and 
simple design ; the pitman is made with com¬ 
pensating heads, so ibai it cannot bind, and 
it also has a patent protector, so that it can¬ 
not bend or break if it should come In contact 
with any impediment. The device for raisiug 
aud lowering the cutting-bar enables the opera¬ 
tor to raise or lower either end as he may elect, 
and the bar can be folded for transportation 
without detaching any parts. As the name im¬ 
plies, it is an inclosed gear, the gearing is per¬ 
fectly protected preventing the possibility of 
dirt aud dust working in, and its operation 
is almost noiseless. 
The No. 3 reaper is a new departure from 
the ordinary machines of this class, aud 
among the new improvements in it we noticed 
the device for raising and lowering the plat¬ 
form, and tiltiug the same from the seat of the 
driver, by simply turning a crank iu front of 
the seat. The driver cau also 6et the platform 
and raker in any desired position instantane¬ 
ously, without leaving his seat. This device 
enables the operator to deliver a perfect gavel 
even when reaping in lodged or tangled grain. 
In passing through gate-ways, the seat of the 
driver is turned over toward the machine, 
which lessens the width about three feet, aud 
prevents the necessity of folding up the table, 
which is attended with labor aud inconven¬ 
ience. The weight of thiB machine is only 750 
pounds. It is simple aud compact in Its con¬ 
struction, and has merits that will make it a 
leading machine for both our eastern hills and 
western prairies. During the past season, the 
company made aud sold over 400 of these 
reapers, with most satisfactory results, and 
have orders booked for nearly 1,000 for 1881. 
The company also advise us that owing to 
the large and increasing demaud for their 
machines in th t West as well as East, not being 
able to secure a suitable site in Albany for the 
extension of their factories it has become 
necessary to change the location of the works ; 
aud as the. star of Empire westward moves, 
they will move their manufacturing works to 
Youngstown, Ohio, where they are now build¬ 
ing large factories, with a capacity of turning 
<>ut 20.000 machines annually With greater 
facilities for obtaining iron and other mate¬ 
rial for their machines, they will be prepared 
to supply all their trade promptly in the fu¬ 
ture—a satisfaction not. enjoyed by them 
during their trade for 1879-80. 
They will also keep an office and storehouse 
in Albauy, N. Y., from which their Eastern 
trade will be supplied with machines. They 
will, in their new works at Youngstown en¬ 
deavor to please their patrons, and to manu¬ 
facture machines, equal, if not superior to 
the standard of excellence for which they have 
been so justly celebrated. 
Mh. W. J. Van Patten, of the firm of 
Wells, Richardson & Co., Burlington, Vl., 
exhibits the Ferguson Bureau Creamery, the 
sales of which, during the past year, have 
been very large, and iu every iustauce entire 
satisfaction bus beeu given. Among the many 
points of excellence claimed by the manufac¬ 
turers, may be mentioned its adaptability to 
all conditions of temperature. In good 
weather, in June aud October, when the best 
butter is made by the old way, a uniform tem¬ 
perature of about 00 deg. is the rule, Iu this 
way nature guides us to this point, as the one 
which gives the beat results iu cream raisiug. 
If the cows are well fed and cared for, the out¬ 
side influences will have but Jittle effect on the 
butter, if the milk uud cream are kept at this 
temperature. This the Ferguson Bureau 
Creamery does, aud hence both in Winter aud 
Summer the results are the same, from the 
fact that the temperature of 00 deg. can he 
constantly maintained, with scarcely any trou¬ 
ble or expense. No dairyman should fail to 
carefully study aud thoroughly understand the 
principles which govern tbe thorough separa¬ 
tion of cream, as the value of his products is 
almost entirely dependent upon application of 
these principles iu his business. That a uni¬ 
form temperature of 5S deg. to 02 deg. is essen¬ 
tial in making good butter, is conceded by 
dairyman, aud the apparatus which will pro¬ 
duce and retain this temperature, is one in 
which all butter makers should interest them¬ 
selves. By the use of a Bureau, such as the 
one above mentioned, the desired results are 
readily obtained. All the requirements have 
beeu met by the eold-air process, which is used 
iu Summer, and by the use of the heater the 
same temperature can be produced in Winter, 
aud thus the Bureau is completely adapted for 
use during the entire season. Complete separa¬ 
tion of cream is another important feature ; 
aud by no other method, can so large 
a quantity of butter be obtained. During 
the prevalence of thunder storniH the milk is 
kept sweet until every particle of cream is 
raised, and an increase of from 10 to 20 per 
cent is the result. The use of the heater in cold 
weather gives the same results, for tbe milk is 
constantly kept at tbe same temperature. 
Kemp's Manure Spreader was exhibited 
by the Kemp & Burpee Manufacturing Co , 
Syracuse, N. Y.. This machine spreads all 
kinds of manure, coarse or fine, wet or dry, 
aud is adjustable lo spread from ten to forty 
loads to the acre. Tne manure is torn in fine 
particles which flow in a continuous stream 
from the end of the cart. The bottom is an 
endless apron which passes the manure to the 
rear, where it is tom asunder and scattered in 
a Cue Bhower by a revolving cylinder set with 
spikes, which extends across the width of the 
cart. The coarsest, toughest and roughest 
manures are till mastered by it. It is a com¬ 
paratively new device, this being only its 
second exhibition iu this State. It was shown 
in full operation on the grounds, spreading at 
first a lot of fine manure from the canal-boats, 
which it did in tbe best shapo. Its second 
trial was with a lot of fresh manure from the 
stables on the grounds. This was about nine- 
tenths straw and oue-teuth manure. It was 
simply a test to see if the machine would 
work iu m inure not well rotted, and it was 
acknowledged by all who witnessed the ex¬ 
periment that the work was done far better 
than was expected. In fact, in all of the tests 
made it proved itself to be all that the manu¬ 
facturers claim for it. Some of the leading 
agriculturists in the country are using it to 
tneir entire satisfaction. 
Mr. J. H. De Mott. Flemington, N. J. ex¬ 
hibited the Paxtou Drill made by the Harris¬ 
burg Car Co., Harrisburg Pa. The working 
of this drill met with very many commenda¬ 
tions. It is furnished with Shreiuer’s Patent 
Broad Cast Shovel, which involves principles 
long known, but never before practically il¬ 
lustrated. The shovel Is made triangle-shaped 
so as to make a furrow about four inches wide, 
in which the seed is evenly disuibuled by a bell 
or oval-shaped distributor, which is suspended 
in the lower end of the shovel. An experience 
of five years with these 6hovels has practically 
demonstrated that they will do all t he manu¬ 
facturers claim for them. The feed attach¬ 
ment is positive aud at the same time an even 
distributor, thus preventing all bunching of 
either grain or fertilizer. It also has a 
grass-seed attachment which is so arranged 
that it cau be changed from rear to front in 
a moment’s time. Moreover, the device for 
increasing or diminishing the amount of seed 
desired to be sowu, requires no change of 
wheels or gearing—merely turning a thumb¬ 
screw does the work iu a moment. 
The Empire Drill Co., of Shortsville, N. 
Y., exhibited their Empire Grain Drills with 
fertilizer and grass-seed atiachmems, sectional 
sheet-iron conductors, etc. This drill has a 
positive force-feed, the grain being under the 
control of the feed from the moment it enters 
llie cup until it is discharged into the conduct¬ 
ing lubes. It is accurate and reliable. The 
quaulity is regulated by change gear wheels. 
Its force-feed fertilizer attachment has proved 
a great success. The manufacturers claim 
that they can save fifteen per cent, of the fer¬ 
tilizer used, by distributing the phosphates 
evenly over the surface and accurately as to 
quantity. The grass-seeder is constructed on 
the same principle as the grain-feed, present¬ 
ing the same advantages. It is attached in 
front of the hoes, so that the seed is distri¬ 
buted evenly over the surface. Tne demand 
for the Empire during the past season has 
been very large, so much so that to-day the 
company are over 500 drills behind their 
orders. No better commendation than this is 
necessary. 
Messrs. Short <fc Smith, Syracuse, N. Y., 
had on exhibition a full line of their three- 
spriug wagons. These wagons are made of 
the best selected stock, aud for style and dura¬ 
bility they have already established a first- 
class reputation. The manufacturers spare no 
efforts to make their wares as good as fine 
material and workmanship can render them. 
They have overcome the only objection that 
has ever been made to the three-spring wagon— 
that of its being too high—by hauging the 
body on loops, which brings it sufficiently low 
for all practical purposes. The prices of these 
wagons are low, and tbe company made u 
number of good sales during the fair. They 
report that they have done a flue business 
during the past season, and that the prospects 
for the coming year are more than favorable. 
The Eureka Mower Co , of Towanda, Pa., 
exhibited Wilber’s Direct Draft Eureka Mower. 
This mower has met with a great success dur¬ 
ing the past season. Its ease of draft, rapidity 
in cutting, aud its leaving the cut grass stand¬ 
ing light and loose, untramplcd by the horses, 
allowing it to cure quickly ready for the mow, 
commend it to all. The company are rapidly 
extending their business all over the country. 
Their machines are all made of the best 
material and in the most substantial manner. 
The Eureka is very simple iu construction, 
having no bevel gears or other complicated 
und expensive features. To show its ease of 
draft aud the amount of work that a farmer 
can do with a six-foot machine, they have a 
report from a farmer in Morris county, N. J., 
who cut thirteen acres of grass with this 
machine iusidc of six hours. 
The Wheeler <Sz Melick Co., of Albany, 
N. Y., made the largest display on the 
grounds. Their exhibit consisted of a full 
line of their horse-powers, thrashers, harrows, 
rakes, etc. Their new safety steam generator 
and engine was shown in full operation and 
attracted a great deal of attention. The one 
shown was a six-horse power, running one of 
their 34-inch cylinder thrashers. They claim 
for this engine great economy in fuel, and 
absolute safety from explosion. They ul-o 
show the new La Dow's sulky aud down 
spring-tooth harrows, brought out by them 
during the past season. These harrows have 
met with great success. Farmers present who 
had used them recommended them highly. 
They are adjustable to all kinds of soil. 
Mr. M. D. Chapin, of Puultney, Vt, ex¬ 
hibits the Wooster Creamer, which is a model 
of neatness and usefulness. The mauy favor¬ 
able notices from ihosc who are usiug these 
creamers prove theireffleiency. They are made 
of good material iu a workmanlike uiauner, 
aud are guaranteed to raise the cream between 
the milkings, if the directions are followed. 
It Is generally conceded that by the use of a 
good creamer the products of a dairy can be 
increased fully cue-third each seasou; heuee, 
as a matter of economy, they should come 
into general use. Mr. C'hapiu was the recip¬ 
ient of the first premium on print butter, made 
from one of his creamers, au honor which 
he wa6 justly entitled to. 
Mr. P. C. Lewis, of Catskill, N. Y., the in¬ 
ventor of Lewis’s Potato Bug ExteiminatCr, 
has on exhibition an instrument whleh is 
destiued to become very popular and extensive¬ 
ly used. It consists of a combination force- 
pump, whieh'cau be used for several distinct 
purposes, with only a moment’s work in chang¬ 
ing. With a short hose attached, it is a gar¬ 
den syringe; a slight change and you have a 
regular force-pump; another change aud it 
becomes a very effectual sprinkler. This is 
carried over the top of the vines to he sprinkled, 
and a light lap on the handle with the hand 
discharges from 3,000 to 5 000 fine drops on 
each hill. By its judicious use a pint of the 
mixture will cover 30 or 40 hills. 
The Vermont Harm Mac sine Go's exhibit 
ot dairy goods is fully up to their usual stan¬ 
dard of excellence and shows a disposition on 
their part to keep even with this age of im¬ 
provement by introducing new 1 vatu res in 
Cooley Creamers, whereby the labor ol band- 
ling is reduced Lo a minimum aud all the ad¬ 
vantages of submerging, runuiugoff milk, etc., 
are attained. Their Elevator Creamers and 
Cooley Jr., are especially worthy oJ notice. 
The Davis Swing Churn, also one ot their man¬ 
ufactures, is simple, cosy of operation aud is 
Laving an extensive sale. They also show the 
Eureka Butter Worker aud their Sugar Evapo- 
tor. 
Nash & Bko., 22 College Place, New 
York, exhibit their Aerac Harrow, which came 
into general use in 1879, and is meeting wiih 
immense saleB. In a single day, during their 
Fail trade, the orders of tue firm numbered 
103, coming from leading farmers in all sec¬ 
tions of the country. As a pulverizer, clod- 
crusher and leveler, the Acme proves a 
suecusa. it is made entirely of steel, wrought 
iron and wood, and for durability it is claimed 
by the manufacturer to be unexcelled. 
IIuguson's Wagon C'o., of Syracuse. N. Y. 
exhibit a full line of their wagons consisting 
of side springs, side bars, elliptic-top und uo- 
top buggies. They also exhibit, as they claim, 
the only factory phaeton made iu the Statu und 
the elicapest top skeleton-wagon—ouly $50. 
Their work is all fully warranted. They are 
large manufacturers exclusively for the job¬ 
bing trade, aud ship their wagons all over the 
world 
Mr. W. E. Lincoln, of Warren, Mass., ex¬ 
hibited a Creamery which bears his name, and 
which separates the cream from the milk very 
rapidly and successfully. Thu experiment 
was made at the request of X. A. Willard and 
other judges, aud showed the following re¬ 
sults: Milk was set in waler at 5fi deg. with¬ 
out ice, aud showed a perfect separation of 
cream inside of three hours. This was con¬ 
sidered the standard of deep setting. 
