730 
OCT. 30 
THE BUBAL NEW-YOBKEB. 
|lratring fur t|f Jjouitg. 
AUTUMN IS HERE. 
What visionary tints the year puts on. 
When falling leaves falter through motionless air 
And nimbly cling and shiver to be gone ! 
How shimmer tho low flats and pastures bare, 
As with her nectar Hebe Autumn fills 
The bowl between me and those distant hills, 
And smile j and ahakoa abroad her misty, tremulous 
hair. 
Far distant sounds the hidden cbicadoe 
Close by ray side; far distant sounds the leaves; 
The fields seem fields of dream, where Memory 
Wanders like gleaniner Ruth ; and as the sheaves 
Of wheat and barley wavered in the eye 
Of Boaz as tho maiden’s glosv went by, 
80 tremble and seem remote all things tbe sense re¬ 
ceives. 
The sober robin, bunaer-silent now. 
Seeks oedar-berries blue, his Autumn cheer; 
The squirrel, on his shingly ehagbark’s bough, 
Now saws, now lists with downward eye and ear, 
Than drops his nut, and, with a chipping bound 
Whisks to his winding fastness underground; 
The clouds, like swans, drift down the streaming 
atmosnhere. 
The red oak, softer grained, yields all for last, 
And, with his crumpled foliage stiff and dry, 
After the first betrayal of the frost, 
Rebuffs tbe kiss of the relenting pky; 
The chestnuts, lavish of their long hid gold. 
To the faint Summer, beggcrd now and old, 
Pour back the sunshine hoarded 'neatb her favoring 
eye. 
O'er yon bare knoll the pointed cedar shadows 
Drowse on the crisp, gray moss ; the plowman’s call 
Creeps faint as smoke from black, fresh-furrowed 
meadows. 
The single crow a single caw lets fall; 
And all around me every bush and tree 
Says, Autumn’s here, and Winter soon will be. 
Who snows his soft, white sleep and silence over all. 
-- 
FARMING FOR BOYS AND GIRLS.-NO. 1. 
HENRY STEWART. 
The Value and Pleasure of Agriculture. 
The chief desire of a man or a woman should 
be, first., to be useful: and nejct to be happy. A 
man’s nm duty la to mankind; and tbe next Is to 
himself; and tbe greatest Happiness to a good 
man is to be of use ro, arid serve bis fellow crea¬ 
tures. In doing this the man helps himself at the 
same time. The production of food and the 
materials for clothing. Is the business of the 
farmer. No other employment can be so useful 
as this: and In this lh*s the value of agriculture 
to the world. No other employment Is so full of 
pleasure as agriculture, when It is rightly pursued. 
It la then, not a laborious work merely of the 
hands, hut a healthful, pleasant labor; full of tbe 
mo9t agreeable enjoyment; because In the work 
of the garden and the field, the farmer la brought 
face to face with the works and the beauties of 
nature; and finds, in the sprouting of seed, the 
growth of plants; the maturity and ripening of 
vegetation; the growth of his animals; the delights 
of the changing seasons, which bring to him a 
ceaseless round of work that Is both Interesting 
and profitable; In all these, he finds food for 
thought and means for Instruction, in short, a 
good and successful farmer, in his dally practice, 
becomes acquainted with many of the wonders of 
science which appear to him more clearly than to 
any other man, if he will only take tUe trouble to 
open his eyes, and turn his mind to the examina¬ 
tion of them. It is a great thing to think of, that 
the farmer feeds and clothes the world; that of 
all men he Is the most Important i o the comfort, 
wealth and happiness of the human raoe ; that 
bis Influence, if it Is exerted for good, increases 
the enjoyment of mankind, and that the result of 
his work Is to set In motion the wheels of all the 
factories and locomotives la the world; to fill the 
freight cars; to load the ships; to give employ¬ 
ment In one way or another to every smith and 
carpenter; to every miner; to every lawyer and 
doctor; to provide in fact for the means of carry¬ 
ing on every honorable and profitable industry. 
No youth or young man or woman can find a bet¬ 
ter, happier, more noble, or when well conducted, 
more profitable work than that, of the farm, it is 
work; there Is no doubt of that. But the man 
who la employed honestly Is the truly happy man. 
It Is the Idle and vicious who are unhappy. We 
are told by the wisest of men, that '■ the sleep or 
the laboring man Is sweetaDd no one sleeps and 
rests more sweetly than the boy or the man who 
has spent his day in the corn field, the hay field 
or at the plow; or the girl who has done her share 
tn the dairy, m the care of poultry, and In her 
household duties. How all this work may be per¬ 
formed In tho best manner, and how the most 
profit and enjoyment may he derived from It, will 
be explained In the succeeding chapters. 
NUT-BEARING TREES-No. 2. 
Ripening- banr the nuts 
Upon the laden boughs; the clusters brown 
Or russet hazels; tho spiked bursting husks 
Of polished chestnuts; and the teeming store 
Of mellow walnuts. Autumn tide hath come, 
And pours from out her overflowing horn 
Her welcome blessings on the grateful Earth! 
The butternut, or w bite walnut, Juglana clnersa, 
18 the friend and favorite of every New England 
boy, and what one of them has not blessed his 
lucky staisallthe days of his early years, If In 
some rocky pasture or out or the way corner of his 
father's farm were to be found some half dozen of 
these trees, Growing with equal rapidity with 
J. nigra, it only reaches a bight of from 30 to 60 
feet with low spreading branches, extending hori¬ 
zontally, giving the tree a flat, tufted head, hardly 
artistic, although very grateful to all hoylsli eyes. 
The form of the fruit Is an oblong ovate, with a 
tapering Up, rough with prominent irregularities; 
and woe to the boyB’ fingers, If missing the blow 
while cracking, the fingers come between the 
hammer and one or more of these “irregulari¬ 
ties.” The husk Is thin and tough and of a dried 
brown appearance when ripe. Growing in clusters, 
of three to five on a stem, they often fall off as 
they grow, proving a great comfort to ehlidlrti 
pickers, as a bunch of five fills a basket, much 
more rapidly than a single nut. The kernel is 
sweet and pleasant, but. from its abundance of oil, 
whence Its name, requires care In drying, lest It 
become rancid. 
The hark and shells, also, afford a brown color, 
sometimes used In dyeing wool, and a mild and 
BUTTERNUT.—FIG. 352. 
useful laxative is extracted from the Inner hark of 
the root. According to an experiment published 
In the Massachusetts Agricultural Journal, the 
sap of the butternut is capable of producing as 
much sugar as that of the maple. Four of these 
trees yielding In one day nine quarts of sap, from 
which one and one-fourth pouuds or sugar were 
made. 
The hickory, Carya, belongs to the natural or¬ 
der of Juglandacea, which comprises hut two 
other genera besides this and the walnut. There 
are nine or ten specleB, all of them remarkable for 
stateliness and general beauty. In the autumnal 
scenery the hickories contribute a pleasing share 
to the vivid colortng, each species possessing Its 
own peculiar tints, yet all of some shade of yeLlow, 
lighting up a hillside here with Aiming gold, and 
there dropping Into the mod; fashionable tint of 
“oldgold’’ imaginable. The hickory Is very de¬ 
sirable as an ornamental tree, having the com¬ 
pound leaves of the Juglans order, oomposed of 
from five to 15 leaflets; from 60 to 80 feet In hlght, 
or symmetrical build and stately appearance. The 
fruit Is a large, roundish nut;, the husk of which 
opens partially or wholly of Itself by four seams. 
The different species vary so much In size and 
form that It Is often impossible to distinguish them 
by one character alone. 
The genu3 carya Is exclusively American, of 
which we find many varieties. C. maxima hears 
X 
HICKORY NUT.—FIG. 853. 
fruit as large as an apple with a very thick husk. 
The shell bark or shag-bark hickory, C. alba, Is 
easily distinguished by Its shaggy bark, Its excel¬ 
lent fruit and its rather small ovate leaf buds. 
The delicious flavor of Its fruit Is not surpassed by 
any foreign nut. The nuts vary greatly, some in¬ 
dividual trees having nuts with astonishingly thin 
shells, and were It not for the difficulty of graft¬ 
ing these might be propagated; but attempts to 
graft the hickory are rarely successful, though It 
has been accomplished by setting the graft just 
below the surface of the ground, and the French 
nurserymen are said to succeed by herbaceous 
grafting, 1. e., the hoIou and stock both of unripe 
wood. They are also very hard to transplant, hav¬ 
ing a large tap root and few of the fibrous roots. 
The nuts should be burled In the Fall, and planted 
In the Spring where the tree Is expected to remain. 
As a fuel the hickory excels all other Northern 
wood, making hard charcoal, and the ashes are 
very rich In potash. On account of the density 
and tenacity of the wood, it has a wide apprecia¬ 
tion in the arts. Yet It Is liable to the attacks of 
insects and decays rapidly If exposed to the 
weather. 
The bltter-nut hickory, C amara. is the most 
graceful and remarkable for Its fluely-cut foliage. 
Its recent shoots are of an orange-green, smooth 
and mottled with orange; Its fruit, however, is In¬ 
tensely hitter and valueless. 
The pig-nut, C. porolna, Is also a large tree, with 
a close bark and tough, valuable wood, used espe¬ 
cially for axe helves and wagon axles. The fruit Is 
abundant, but ot a disagreeable taste, useful only 
tn the case of very hungry pigs—with good teeth, 
and little girls with lead pencils to make doll 
races. 
The mocker nut, C. tomentosa, varies much In 
thickness, size and shape of shell; the kernel is 
sweet, but very difficult of extraction, a fact which 
is supposed to have given It the name of mocker- 
nut. 
j in the woods of Pennsylvania and westward to 
Illinois and Kentucky, the Western shell-bark 
hickory, C. sulcata, Is found, having a nut twice 
as large as that of the C. alba, but ot Inferior 
flavor. 
The nutmeg-fruited, C, myristlceformls, la a 
rare and local species, found In Sout h Carolina, 
the fruit or which Is very small, smooth and 
brown, streaked with white and strongly resem¬ 
bling the nutmeg in appearance, but the kernel Is 
very small and of little value. 
The pecan hickory, C. ollvalformls, la a more 
Western and Southern species, extending along 
the rivers as far north as Illinois, but not known 
except In cultivation in the Atlantic States, The 
nut is olive-shaped, has a very thin 3hell, on which 
people are apt to test the durability of tnetr incis¬ 
ors, and if Auding them up to the standard, pro¬ 
ceed to use their molars on the sweet flavored 
kernel contained therein, hut If, Instead, they suc¬ 
ceed In gaining only a toothache, they are apt to 
fling away tho pecan, denounce the nut-bearing 
trees of America generally and this one in partic¬ 
ular, and—invest in peanuts thereafter. 
The tree Is usually from 60 to to feet tn hlght, 
but there Is one growing at the Bartram estate 
near Philadelphia, said to ho over oa feet. 
The trunk Is straight and finely lormed, yielding 
a wood which, though coarse grained. Is heavy 
and durable. 
The pecan Is rather late In coming into bearing, 
trees over 8o years old often bearing no fruit, but 
old trees In the forests bear abundantly. Like the 
shell hark, tho nuts of rhts species vary greatly In 
size and thickness, and the home traffic in both 
Is very large, hut large quantities of the pecau nut 
are shipped t,o Europe, where they are expressed 
toobtaln their oil. The Uttle port of Indlanola, 
Texas, shipping some years as many as um.ooo 
bushels. 
Ungltr- 
HIDDEN COINS. 
1. Rnb Lena’s cheek. 
2. Lera peeped. 
3. Philip, Is Toledo In Ohio 7 
4. Why does my game cock crow not? 
6. ’Twas & Hindu cathedral. 
o. na! ha ! squatter sovereignty. 
7. He la a millionaire. 
8. ’Tls allegro, at times. 
9. “ ’Tls a penguin,” each exclaimed. 
10. He expounds t he word. 
11. Philip, 1 stare Enfield out of countenance, 
12. Percy’s Ester ceded it. 
18. I saw cart m Rome. 
H. To climb the bank no team shall stop me. 
15. You’ll not agree, N. Back you must go. 
16 . With ale raisins should be eaten. 
17. List to the tale Vyalto told. 
18. TUe mad bull I only just escaped. 
19 Is leo upon the roof ? 
20. One pole on top of another. 
21. He joined the guild, Ernie. 
22 . Flo, ring the hell. 
23. Are you really angry ? 
24. Errlx, doll argued the point by crying. 
25. When 1 use my pen Cecil laughs. 
tr Answer in two weeks. Little One. 
-- 
ACROSTICAL ENIGMA. 
My first comes In the early Fall. 
My second in the Spring. 
My third will help the husbandman. 
My fourth will help the king. 
My fifth Is kept in every house, 
My sixth in every laud. 
My seventh creates a little globe. 
My eighth is in your hand. 
My ninth came In with brother Carl. 
My tenth with sister Kale. 
My whole will give a cousin’s name 
I love to contemplate. 
tw Answer In two weeks. Mary Waley. 
■-- 
A NAME PUZZLE. 
Place ten female names so as to form an elev¬ 
enth. Little One. 
nr Answer In two weeks. 
PUZZLER ANSWERS.-Oct. 9. 
A Square Word 
S E H 
A Pyramid Puzzle 
o 
ANN 
WHITE 
POTOMAC 
COVINOTON 
A Fractional Puzzle Gondola. 
A GREAT REVELATION. 
Some Valuable Thoughts Concerning Human 
Happiness and Timely buggealiom 
About Securing It. 
Synopsis of a Lecture Delivered by Dr. Ghas, 
Craig Before the Metropolitan Sci¬ 
entific Association. 
“The free and Independent thought of this age 
accepts statements only where they are proven to 
be truth, while the development of mental power 
seems equally great In every other department of 
lire. The valuable Inventions of tho day are 
counted by thousands. The Increase of scientific 
study is universal. The spirit ol Inquiry In all 
fields is so marked as to cause 
COMMENT ON EVERY 8IDK, 
while people seem Investigating and advancing In 
every direction which can help them morally, men¬ 
tally or physically. This is specially true of the 
human body and everything which concerns it, 
and the truths which the people have found, even 
In the last fifty years, are simply marvelous. How 
really ignorant some cultured ana supposably 
scientific ppople were only a few years ago, as 
compared with the present, day, may be belter 
understood from a few illustrative rants. A prom¬ 
inent writer prepared an elaborate essay to prove 
that, steamships could never cross the Atlantic, 
and his Dbainphlet woe issued just In time to he 
carried by the first steamer that went to England. 
People once believed that the heart was t he seat 
of life and health. It, Is now know that ibis organ 
is only a pump, stmply keeping In moment what 
other and more Important organa of i he body have 
created and transformed. It was once supposed 
that, If a person felt a pain In the hack the liver 
was deranged; it a pain came In the lower chest 
the lungs were affected and corsurnpUon was 
near; It is now known that a pain In t he back In¬ 
dicates diseased kidneys, while iroubles tn the 
lower chest arise from a disordered liver and not 
imperfect lungs. A BCvere pain in the head was 
once thought to come from some parilal derange¬ 
ment, of cue brain; it, is now known that troubles 
In other purls of the body and away from the 
head, cause headaches and that only by remov¬ 
ing the cause can the pain he cured. It Is a mat¬ 
ter of 
PRIVATE HISTORY 
that Gen. Washington was hied to death, nis 
last Illness was slight,, and caused principally by 
weariness. A physician was called who ’bled him 
copiously.' Strange to say, the patient be¬ 
came no better. Another doctor was called, who 
agalh took away a large amount of the vital fluid. 
Thus tn succession four pyrtdans drew away the 
lire of a great man who was intended by nature 
for an Old age, and who premalurely died-mur¬ 
dered by maipraci ice— hied to death. That was 
the age of trn dlcal bleeding 1” 
The speaker then graphically described another 
period which came upon the people, in which they 
assigned the origin of all diseases to the si oraaeh, 
and after showing the falsity of 1 his theory, ai d 
that the kidneys and liver were the causes or dis¬ 
ease, and that many people are suffering from 
kidney and liver troubha to-day who do nor know 
it,, but who should know It and attend to them at 
once, continued: 
"Let, us look at. this matter a little more closely. 
The human body Is the most perfect and yet the 
most delicate of all created thtDgs. It is capable 
of the greatest results and it la liable to t he great¬ 
est, disorders. Tho slightest, causes sometimes 
seem to throw its delicate machinery out ot order 
while the most, .simple and common sense care re¬ 
stores and keeps t bem In perfect condition. When 
It is remembered that the amount or happiness or 
misery we are to have In this world is dependent 
upon a perfect body. Is It not strange that simple 
precautions and caie arc not exercised .’ This is 
one of tho most viral questions of life. People 
may avoid It for the present, but there Is certain 
to come a time 18 everyone’s experience when It 
must be faced. 
••And here pardon me for relating a little per¬ 
sonal experience. In the year 1870. I found my¬ 
self losing both tn strength and health. 1 could 
assign no cause for the decline, but it coniiuned, 
mull finally I called to my aid two prominent 
physicians. After treatIng me for some time they 
declared I was suffering from Bright’s disease of 
the kidneys, and that tney could do nothing more 
forme. At this time i was so weak I could not 
raise my head from the pi'.low and I 
FA1NTKD REPEATEDLY. 
My heart beat, so rapidly it was with difficulty I 
could sleep. My lungs were also badly Involved; 
I could retain nothing upon my stomach, while 
the most Intense pains in my back and bowels 
caused me to long Jor death as a relief. It 
was at lilts critical Juncture that a physical long¬ 
ing which I lelt (ami which I most firmly believe 
was an Inspiration) euusedme to seud for the 
leaves of a plant. I had once known In medical 
practice. Alter great difficulty 1 at last hi cured 
them and began ibclr use In tho form of tea. I 
noticed a lessening of the pala at once; i began 
to mend rapidly ; in five weeks 1 was able to be 
about and In two moulds I became perfectly well 
and have so continued to this day. I was only 
natural that such a result i-hould have cau-ed me 
to Investigate most thoroughly, l carefully ex¬ 
amined fields In medicine never before explored. 
1 sought the cause of physical order and disorder. 
Happiness and pain, and I round the kidneys and 
liver to he the governors, whose motions regulate 
the entire system.” 
After describing at, length the offices of the 
kidneys and liver, and their Important part in 
life, the doctor went, on to say : 
*• Having found this great truth, T saw clearly 
the cause of my recovery. The simple vpgetahle 
leaf 1 bad used was a food and restorer to my well- 
nigh exhausted kidneys and liver. It had come 
to them when their life was nearly gone, and by 
Its simple, yet powerful. Influence had puiirled, 
strengthened and restored mein and saved me 
from death. Realizing the great, benefit which a 
knowledge of this truth would give to the world, I 
began in a modest way to treat those afflicted, and 
in every case I found the same 
HAI-PY RESULTS 
which T had experienced Not only this bur many, 
who were not conscious of physical trouble but. 
who, at my suggestion, began the use or the rem¬ 
edy which had saved my life, follnd their healih 
steadily Improving and their strength continually 
Increasing. So universal, where used was i nis 
rrue, that I determined, the entire world should 
share In its results, and I therefore placed the for¬ 
mula for Its preparation In the hands or Mr H. II. 
Warner, of Rochester, N. Y , a gentleman whom I 
had cured of a severe kidney dt-sease, and who, by 
reason or his personal worth, high standing and 
liberality In endowing the Astronomic il Observa¬ 
tory and other public enterprises, has become 
known and popular to tho entire country. This 
gentleman at once began the manufacture of the 
remedy on a moat extensive scale, and to day 
Warner’s Safe Kidney and liver Cure, the pure 
remedy that saved my life, is known and u&ed In 
all parts of the continent. 
“ 1 am aware a prejudice exists toward proprie¬ 
tary medicines, and that such prejudice Is too of¬ 
ten well founded, but the value ot a pure remedy 
Is no less because It Is a ptoprletary medlclno A 
Justifiable prejudice exists toward quack doctors, 
but is It right that this prejudice should extend 
towards all the doctors who are earnestly and in¬ 
telligently trying todotlielrduty ? Because War¬ 
ner’s Safe Kidney and Liver Cure saved my life 
before It became a proprietary medicine. Is ir rea¬ 
sonable to suppose that It will not cure others and 
keep8tlll more from sickness now that it Is sold 
wtth a government stamp on the wrapper 7 Such 
a theory would be childish ” 
The doctor then paid some high compliments to 
American science, uud closed his lecture as fol¬ 
lows .• 
“How to restore the health when broken ana 
how to keep the body perfect, and free from dis¬ 
ease must, ever be man s highest Bludy. That one 
of the greatest revelations of tbe present day has 
been made In ascertaining tbe true seat of health 
lobe In t he Kidneys and liver, all scientists now 
admit, and 1 can but teel that the discovery whleh 
J have been permitted to make, and whleh ! have 
described to you, la destined to prove the greate-t, 
best and most reliable mend tn those who suffer 
and long Tor happiness, as well as to those who 
desire to keep tne Joys they now possess.” 
