CHAP. IT.—BAKAKHUITJ, THE LAWYEE OP SAN. 
41 
a sphinx (square); “ Priest of the temple of 
Har em khuti ” ; and others, with patterns, but 
uninsoribed. 
To Geneva, some pieces of the lattice of Pithoin, 
ten eyes from Sueilin, and a small bronze of 
Khem, have been allotted. 
To Sheffield Museum, four iron knives, a nail, 
and an iron hook, together with seven bronze 
nails of varying patterns, have been sent. 
Besides the objects thus divided, there remain a 
quantity of small pottery figures, &c., for future 
distribution. 
CHAPTER IV. 
BAKAKHUIU, THE LAWYEE OE SAN. 
47. Ontheeastem sideof the great temple of San, 
a road leads out between the high mounds of houses 
which encircle it. This road must have been 
protected from building operations in the pros¬ 
perous times of the city, or it would have certainly 
been encroached on, consideringhowthe mounds on 
every side run out into what are now long hillocks 
of ruins: and it is to be expected that the main 
entrances to the city would be protected by law. 
Projecting from the base of the mounds is, however, 
a row of large houses, which would seem from their 
thus occupying part of the roadway to have belonged 
to important persons, who could follow their own 
wishes in selecting a valuable site. Two of these 
houses have now been cleared, and have proved 
by their contents the wealth of their owners. 
The more important house (find 36) is that of 
Bakakhuiu, who appears by his documents to have 
been a lawyer. From the style of several objects, 
particularly from an impression of a seal (pi. xii. 
12), I concluded at the time of discovery that the 
house belonged to the first or second century a.d., 
and as far as the papyri have been examined, the 
latest thing among them is the mention of a 
private person named Hadrian. Now we know 
that the emperor Hadrian visited Egyjit in the 
year 130 a.d., and it is at that time that children 
would most probably be called after him. This 
document therefore belongs to the latter half of the 
second century. Here another historical point 
comes in to help us. The house appears to have 
been looted before it was burnt; no precious metals, 
excepta small silver spatula, were found, andyet the 
bronzes were all left behind, and even the portrait 
statuette, which there is every reason to believe is 
that of the master. Another evidence of the 
same sacking is curiously supplied by the cellar 
stairs: they had been on one side half choked up 
by amphorae which could not be got into the 
crowded and disordered cellar, and across the 
available half of the staircase was left a basket of 
papyri just as it had been pulled out of the cup¬ 
board which opened on to the stairs. The looter, 
after plundering the upper part of the house, had 
run down into the cellar, dragged out one of the pile 
of baskets of waste paper which were put away in 
the cupboard, and, seeing nothing of value, left 
it on the stairs when he ran out. Then the house 
was set on fire, everything fell down in a confused 
mass, and was buried in the dust of the reddened 
and burnt walls. This burning probably hap¬ 
pened at the time of the Bucolic Revolt in 
174 a.d. ; during the disturbances of this revolt, 
and during the war in which Avidius Cassius sup¬ 
pressed it, there was doubtless a great destruction 
of property; and as this date so well agrees with 
what is shown from other sources, we can hardly 
refuse to accept it. The coins found in the house 
are Ptolemaic, and an imperial Alexandrian of the 
first century. 
48. This house stood over a large under¬ 
ground cellar without windows, which was reached 
by a staircase from the ground-floor rooms. 
These steps descended first toward the north, 
then stopping at a flat landing another flight 
descended to the south, on the east side of the 
upper flight. This lower flight had a cupboard 
opening on to it, which was formed in the wall 
beneath the upper flight. In this cupboard the 
waste papyri were stowed in baskets along with 
other rubbish, as brown jars, and apiece of bronze 
G 
