j^jTR-Y HO 
Vol. XLin. No. 1791 
NEW YORK, MA' 1, 1884 
PKICE FIVE CENTS. 
$2.00 PER YEAR. 
(Entered according to Act of Congress. m the year 1884. by the Rural New-Yorker In the office of the Librarian of Congees 
at Washington.) 
wagons and farm implements; also for receiv¬ 
ing corn in the stallca, to be husked in cold or 
stormy weather; also for storiug stalks or 
fodder corn, or for any other purpose desired. 
The architect and builder of this barn was 
Mr. John Muir, of Delhi, N. Y., who is to be 
congratulated upon his very ingenious con¬ 
struction, securing great strength with but 
little timber. If thiH bam is too lartre. mm 
To castrate a lamb, take (ton the knees 
with a helper, and hold it. Take the scrotum 
between the finger and thumb, and clip the 
whole of it off. Put on a pinch of the blue- 
stone, und that ends it. Coarse brown sugar 
will answer just as well. The advautage of 
this method is that the organs are only par¬ 
tially developed, and are very easily removed, 
and that the wound being open at the bottom, 
any pus that might form escapes and causes no 
mischief. 
In mnking any operation upon animals 
of any kind, care should always be taken to 
malco the opening low down, so that the pus 
which forms in the healing, can escape. If 
this is not done, the retained pus produces an 
abscess with inflammation, which is often 
fatal. 
Some time ago, a recommendation, which I 
■lade in these notes, to those persons who 
wished to have their cattle free from horns, to 
remove the bud of ouch horn in the young calf 
and so prevent its growth, was commented 
upon unfavorably by uu English paper as be¬ 
ing exceedingly cruel. That was straining at 
a gnat in comparison with a custom which 
has been prevalent in England for years, and 
which ifl.ilI prevails, anil is defended as beiug 
humane and really kind to the eattle. This 
custom is to saw off the horns of mature cattle 
close to the head aud leave the poor beasts all 
raw and bleeding, with the terrible wouuds 
exposed to the air, to inflamo and fester. A 
statement m a recent English paper says this 
is a common practice, and 1 know it is. One 
man said he had 200 head dishorned in that 
way every year for many years; another 
said ho had thousands dishorned, and 
often 500 in a season, and that it was merciful 
to the cattle, and the results most beneficial. 
How much better would it bo to remove the 
little button of the horn, which is only skin- 
AN ECONOMIC BARN, 
NOTES BY A STOCKMAN. 
HE building of bams is a good 
deal like many other things on 
the farm—a rutty sort of busi¬ 
ness. Thus it is that nearly all 
,l«rna are built after the 
i like to stand upon my merits and “go it 
alone, ’ ns the saying is, and as an owner of 
sheep kept principally for wool, I don’t care 
about what. Congress may do in regard to 
tariffs, or so-called protection to the wool in¬ 
terests. Rut 1 am also always willing to take 
all 1 can get, and if the Government gener¬ 
ously tries to add 10 cents a pound and 15 per 
cent, ad valorem to the value of my wool, I am 
quite satisfied with it. Hut sheep will always 
pay for keeping, tariff or no tariff, and as an 
American I leel rather mean to think we 
should be afraid of a wool grower 12,000 miles 
away, and who, after all, has to come to Ver 
mout for rams to improve his flock. 
Look at the market reports just now. Good 
yearling mutton is worth, In New York, 14 to 
15 cents a pound. A good yearling wether 
can be made to weigh 80 pounds dressed, quite 
easily, and, quite possibly, over 100 pounds; 
$12 to $15 for such an animal pays exceedingly 
well. Good Western wool sells well in Kan¬ 
sas City at 23 cents 
same 
5 V&JJ /£Pli*neml model; they are gono- 
'•^srally 30 or 40 feet wide, and as 
w long as suits the taste, couveni- 
ence or purse of the builders. 
» Occasionally they are built on 
two Sides of a square, forming an L. When 
we consider that the same surface will inclose 
more area in a square, or still more lu uu 
eight-sided building, and that such a form can 
be very conveniently arranged, it is a surprise 
that those forms are not oftener adopted, and 
the only reason we can assign for the omission 
is that neither shape is now in fashion. Occa¬ 
sionally a man studies this matter, aud has 
suflicient independence to defy Cushion, and 
build ou some plan original with himself. We 
find such an instance iu Mr. 3. W. MeArthur 
of the town of Kortright, Delaware County, 
N. Y., und this week we give an illustration 
of his barn, built iu the Bimiuierof 1883. 
Fig. 102 shows the elevation of the bam iu 
perspective. It is 100 feet in diameter, sixteen- 
sided, each aide beiug 2U feet; consequently it 
is 320 feet iu circumference. To the left is an 
addition for a drive-way to the different 
stories; this is 20 feet wide ami 37 feet loDg. 
The main posts are 33 feet high, and the purlin 
posts are 50 feet; the bight to the base of the 
cupola is 54 feet, and to the extreme top of 
cupola, 86 feet. It is a substantial, good- 
looking hum. The rafters of the main roof 
are 28 feet long, set at a little more than quar¬ 
ter pitch, and this part of the roof is covered 
with slate. The upper, or deck-roof is 00 feet 
iu diumeter, about four feet crown, and is 
covered with tin. The cupola is 1G feet in 
diameter, aud the same bight to the eaves, and 
this is also roofed with tin. 
Fig. 163 shows the ground plan. A, is the 
bay or hay mow, in the eenter, 60 feet in 
diameter, and entirely free of cross timbers 
to the purlin beams at the top of the main 
roof. .Surrounding the bay is a walk or alley, 
C, in front of a row of cattle stalls, D., there 
being room for live head on each side, or 80 in I 
the whole circle. They stuud with their heads 
towards the mow, and there are on every side 
shoots or boxes, through which the hay can 
be thrown down; one is rnurked B. On the 
opposite sides are stairs, J, for reaching the 
upper floors. 
Behiud the cattle is a manure gutter, E, aud 
behind this is a floor, F, and as the cattle stable 
post is 20 feet wide, this passage is of suffi¬ 
cient width to allow one to drive a team with 
a wagon, cart or sled, for the removal of the 
manure from the gutter; for convenience 
sake, there are doors ou the opposite sides. 
Under the drive way, at H, more stalls for 
cattle cun be placed, or the space can be used 
for stabling the farm horses or for sheep-pens. 
If it is desired, the first floor can extend over 
the whole barn, aud the entire basement can 
be used for sheep. 
Fig. 164, shows a section of the frame, from 
which a very accurate idea cun be obtained of 
the plan of framing, to get strength with an 
economic use of timber. As will be seen, the 
baru is three stories high, Die lower one being 
10 , the second 11, and the upper, ordrivestory, 
12 feet high. The hay and grain are takeu in 
on the upper floor, which reaches entirely 
around the bay, aud a pulley beiug suspended 
from the centre of the cupola, hay 
A CONVENIENT POULTRY nOUSE 
and its internal arrangements are shown at 
I ( ig. 1(*5. Fig. l is a side view, showing the 
windows iu the roof, ore of which is marked 
D. Doors through which to haul the droppings 
from the slanting floors, under the roosts, 
are also seen, one of which is marked B. Two 
while 
BARN ELEVATION. 
small doors for hens to enter are also shown, 
one being marked C. Fig. 2 shows an end 
view of house and part of park marked A; 
also door not marked. Fig. 5 shows sectional 
view of end, A, being door to passage-way. B, 
main floor. F is the slanting floor under roost 
C. G is the door to the yard for removing the 
droppings, as mentioned above. Two rows of 
nests are attached to the fence between the 
passage and main floor, the upper one of which 
is marked D. Under these nests is the teed 
box E. so arranged that feed can be put into it 
from tlie passage-way. Fig. 6 is the ground 
plan of the house. A is the passage-way; B, 
the tnaiu floor; D, the nests attached to fence, 
the doors of which are shown open. The 
roosts are also shown in this cut, one being 
marked C; also the doors, through which the 
bens pass to the yards, one of which is marked 
E. F shows one of the windows iu the front 
side. Fig. 4 shows the front end of one of the 
nest boxes, aud Fig, 3 shows the same nest re¬ 
versed, as it is used when the liens are sitting. 
This arrangement shuts off all the other hens 
from those sitting. The cut also shows the 
construction of the end of the box, allowing 
the hens to go in and out. 
only 1 1 cents. A pound of extra-good wool, 
which will bring even more than 23 cents if it 
is cleau, costs less to grow t.liau a pound of 
poor wool, because the better fleece weighs 
twice us much as the poor one. 1'rolit in every 
business depends upou the management of it; 
aud if a flock is well munaged, there is no bet¬ 
ter business going than feeding sheep for 
either wool alone, or for wool and mutton. 
find it in a communication in r,he Breeders 
Gazette. He charges mo with haring said in 
these notes (I take all the responsibility for the 
atrocious libel on my own head) that “the 
American climate is the healthiest in the world 
for cattle,” Thereupon ho asks, In un indig¬ 
nant manner, if the Rural (I take the blame 
of it all) has over heard of England* of South 
Africa or of Australiaf und has it ever 
learned that they have cattle* I pans over the 
grammatical conuudruin of who they are; and 
add that Mr. Cofflu theu suggests, in a round¬ 
about way, that a boviueiwhat is a bovine ?) 
has now aud then died there (where*) of cou- 
irorn the centre of the cupola, hay can be un¬ 
loaded from either side upon the mow, so that 
it eau be even!y filled with but very little labor. 
The second floor is used for the storage of 
X 
